Yintoni umama? Types of transformers. Umgaqo of action transformer

Kweli nqaku siza kujonga oko nesiguquli. Iintlobo abaguquli ziza kuchazwa, lo mgaqo amanyathelo kunye noyilo kwakhona nakuthathatha. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le hlobo ndawonye (fixed) oomatshini AC asetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeenjongo, hayi nje kuphela ekhaya kodwa kushishino. Umzekelo, ukuba ingxelo ukusetyenziswa kombane. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Yintoni na le fowuni?

Lo matshini zombane emile, nto leyo esetyenziselwa ukuguqula yangoku okanye ombane. Kwaye kukho iintlobo ezininzi izixhobo, kuxhomekeke ukuba amandla yenziweyo womnatha. Ngenxa yoko, i-network ontlantlu-ntathu kuye engathi ezintathu, ezifakwe kwi "inkwenkwezi" okanye "unxantathu". Lo mfanekiso kungenziwa watyeda Iimoto emgudu munye. Kukho iintlobo-ntlobo abaguquli ngamandla, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa kamva kancinane.

Kodwa ekhayeni kusetyenziswa izixhobo, apho omnye osuka womnatha. Ukongeza, kukho ubuncinane omnye zasesekondari, esetyenziswa kwizixhobo amandla. Umzekelo, ubuchule kwi flashlamp abaguquli amandla, apho ezininzi engathi eziziisekondari. kwavela isidingo ukusuka isixhobo omnye ukufumana amaxabiso ombane ezininzi: 6.3, 250 V. Ngaphezu koko, ubomi uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana current. Bona efakwe kwi imitha nokunika yolawulo kwefowuni.

design

A basis transformer kunzima ukuba umqhubi ngamnye, kodwa ukuba esekelwe ubunzima, kuba ngokuqinisekileyo le engundoqo (yesekethe magnetic). Yenziwe amaphepha yentsimbi ezithi ndawonye kunye kuthinteleke sahamba kunye. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufumane i icandelo eliphezulu kunokwenzeka umnqamlezo sekethe ngemagnethi. zingasetyenziswa kodwa hayi kuphela ngentsimbi, enziwa umphakathi ferromagnetic. Le into, nto leyo efana kakhulu zokuhlola kunye nentsimbi, kodwa isakhiwo eyahlukileyo kancinane. Kukho iindidi ezithile abaguquli, kwakuyilwa ifoto zinikwe kweli nqaku.

Uyilo abakhona ukuba engathi ubuncinane ezimbini. Omnye (primary) ombane bonelelo yaveliswa. Ukususela yesibini, eyesithathu, N-zehydrochloric, undervoltage uyarhoxiswa ziyanda nokumila igalelo olufanayo. Oyinkampani amandla yakhiwa wire yobhedu. Yena ahlala phezu isakhelo, nto leyo ifumaneka ehlabathini wesekethe ngemagnethi. Xa ombane lusetyenziswa wesekethe lokuqala livela alternating Imagnethi leyo eyenza kwi ezizisekondari EMF jiko. Ngenxa yoko, kuphume u umahluko othile enokubakho.

transformers amandla

Iintlobo-zikhankanywe ngasentla ngabo ukuguqula umbane kwi network. Kuye nje kuphela efakwe sezitishana transformer. iintlobo ezahlukeneyo abaguquli amandla, bekhonza ukuthoba ombane ukuya 110 kV, umzekelo, 6 kV xa sikagesi. Ezi ziquka, kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa izinto ngamandla radio yekhaya. Enyanisweni, ukuyilwa yonke efanayo, kukho amacandelo eqhelekileyo.

Nkqu abaguquli welding, iintlobo zazo ezahlukeneyo, abe isakhiwo efanayo. Kukho bokuqonda minor kuphela, ezifana ngamandla kumatshini kwi sezitishana baxhotyiswa nenkqubo oyile okupholisa, ngoxa umsebenzi welding ngaphandle kwayo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni kukho imveliso ulawulo lwangoku. Kuyimfuneko ukuba welding olulingana ezahlukeneyo ngentsimbi. Kaloku ke, izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla, yaye onke evinjwa uhlengahlengiso ezinjalo.

Autotransformers

Autotransformer - enye lweentlobo apho engathi eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari uxhulumeneyo ngqo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ufumane uqhagamshelwano lombane nje ukuya kwisixhobo, kodwa umoya. Kukholisa ukuba kubekho ezintathu auto-transformer imveliso, evumela ukuba ufumane iintlobo le lombane. A isici esasenza auto-abaguquli - high ukusebenza. Kodwa ke kukho enye ethile ezinkulu - iisekethe eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari akukho ngombane ingadibani omnye komnye. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuba abathengi mandla kumgaqo sombane. Iintlobo abaguquli ezinye iinjongo kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Ukulinganisa

Ukuba isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zombane AC, uhlobo olulodwa abaguquli - yokulinganisa. Enkosi kubo, ukwandisa imida yamacebo yokulinganisa. Ngapha koko, ukuba akukho kudityaniswa yombane ukuya intambo amandla ukuqhuba yokukala ngoku ayahamba na kuso. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle nokuhlangana galvanic kunokwenzeka ukulawula ngoku aqukuqela kwisekethe. Kodwa ke iintlobo ezimbini izixhobo yomlinganiselo zingahlukaniswa - le ombane kunye nakumaziko aguqula amandla yangoku. Kukho nezabelo ngezabelo current, umahluko yabo ubungakanani kunye nesiqulatho.

current ukuvumela utshintsho. Ngoko ke ngoku emikhulu kwisekethe kuyehla kube ixabiso ekhuselekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, kukhuselekile ukuba iinkqubo zolawulo output okanye umlinganiselo, ukhuseleko kunye nezixhobo alarm. Primary oyinkampani - kuba yinxalenye umqhubi, ngeenxa zonke secondary luyenziwa jiko. Kunye yokugqibela lisusiwe yangoku 1 ampere okanye 5. Kodwa ke abaguquli ombane zenzelwe injongo eyahlukileyo. Avelisa yolahlo ombane zokulinganisela iimpawu. Ngoncedo lwabo bamthwala bodwa izixhobo beesekethe zokhuselo ukusuka ombane aphezulu.

ukubetha

Olu hlobo isixhobo sisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezizodwa. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuguqula uthotho lwemiqondiso idaleka. Enanikade ubude ukubetha omnye ukufikelela amashumi eziliqela microseconds. Kwaye kukho enye inkalo amancinci - utshintsho kuphela awo lo umqondiso, kodwa hayi imilo yayo. Phela, kukho iindidi ezithile ukhuselo lwe abaguquli, ukubetha banikwa busebenze, ukuvimbela ombane kwemfuneko okanye ngoku.

Njengomgaqo, izixhobo masicime zisetyenziswa kwisiphaluka aqukuqela apho isikwere umqondiso ngumtshangatshangiso. Ngokufuthi, le hlobo kwezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kule ndlela kamabonakude. Bona ukuguqula pulses ezincinane ixesha vidiyo ngomjikelo eliphezulu kakhulu umsebenzi. Kwaye ke imveliso ufumana umqondiso kwimo yalo yantlandlolo, kodwa ukwanda awo.

isiphelo

Ngoku uyazi into sombane. Iintlobo abaguquli siye wakhangela, wabona ukuba babe iiyantlukwano ezimbalwa, nangona ukuba ubume elifana kakhulu. Nceda uqaphele ukuba xa sisebenza kunye nasiphi na isixhobo sombane kuyimfuneko ukuba bagcine ukhuseleko. Ngaphezu koko, ngokuba AC inkonzo zombane kufuneka ube nokunyamezela band.