Yintoni eyabizwa? Le utshintsho ehlabathini lonke uhlobo imeko

Kweli nqaku sijonga utshintsho kwezinye isekwimo emzimbeni neendawo zendalo, ukuthatha indawo emhlabeni phantsi ifuthe leentlekele. Wonke endaweni na indawo yayo ngamnye, kwaye ezizodwa. Kwaye naluphi na utshintsho emzimbeni neendawo kudla kukhokelela neziphumo ahambelanayo kwiindawo ezikufuphi.

Kuya ngokufutshane ukuchaza ezinye nezibangelwa kunye cataclysms.

definition kokulawulwa

Ngokutsho Ushakov kaThixo acacisayo Dictionary yintlekele (kataklysmos Greek -. Flood) - utshintsho elibukhali kwi uhlobo kunye neemeko zobomi lweziphili olwahlala kwisithuba enkulu ngaphantsi komhlaba phantsi kweempembelelo iinkqubo etshabalalisayo (esesibhakabhakeni, mlilo). Kwaye eyabizwa - ijika elibi, kwaye etshabalalisayo, kubomi bentlalo.

Ukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwintsimi emzimbeni yendawo ye imeko umphezulu nga kuxhokonxwa kuphela ngezenzeko zendalo okanye umsebenzi loluntu ngokwalo. Kwaye lo sehlelwe.

Iingozi bendalo - abo ukutshintsha imo engqongileyo ukusuka kuluhlu kangangoko ubomi babantu. A Iintlekele ezinkulu ukutshintsha ubuso Yomhlaba. Le nkqubo angaphandle imvelaphi kunye iqala.

Apha ngezantsi sihlolisise ezinye utshintsho kubunjani, ukuthatha indawo phantsi kwempembelelo iintlekele.

Types of iintlekele zemvelo

Yonke le ntlekele indawo ehlabathini ekugunyazisayo peculiarity yayo. Kwaye kutshanje baye baqalisa ukuba kwenzeka (kunye nemvelaphi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo) yaye kuya kusanda ngokwanda. It iinyikima, iitsunami, mlilo, izikhukula, kuwa awe esibhakabhakeni, Udaka, zekhephu, landslides, ehlasela ngesiquphe amanzi asuka elwandle, ukunqamka ilizwe, strong ukutshintsha kwemozulu , kwaye ngaphezulu. et al.

Makhe ukunika inkcazo emfutshane zemvelo ezimbi ezintathu.

iinyikima

Lo mthombo uphambili iinkqubo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye neendawo - le inyikima.

Yintoni yintlekele enjalo? Le mala le komhlaba uqweqwe, ugwayimbo komhlaba kunye nokungazinzi ezincinane kumphezulu womhlaba, ezo zibangelwa kakhulu ziinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ziitectonic plates. bavame zihambisana kugquma eloyikekayo angaphantsi komhlaba, ngokuhlaziya, umphezulu undulation komhlaba, ukutshatyalaliswa izakhiwo kunye nezinye izakhiwo kunye, ngelishwa, amaxhoba zabantu.

Nyaka ngamnye on Earth ibhalwe ngaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1. umothuko wamva. Oku kubonisa malunga 120 jolts ngeyure nganye okanye atyhale ezimbini ngomzuzu. Kubonakala ukuba uMhlaba rhoqo kwimo zibe namanwele.

Ngokutsho manani, umlinganiselo wonyaka 1 kukho komhlaba kwaye malunga ne-100 kuyingozi. iinkqubo enjalo iziphumo lithosfere, ezizezi ucinezelo ngayo kwezinye iindawo kunye nokwandiswa kwabanye. Inyikima - eyabizwa ezimbi. Le nto ikhokelela kwizaphuko ziitectonic plates, ukuphakama kunye zokulwisana.

Okwangoku, emhlabeni, yekhasi ezingalinganiyo umsebenzi neenyikima. Zone of the Pacific kunye nemimandla Mediterranean ziphakathi kakhulu kule nkalo. Xa zizonke,-20% yommandla Russian ayachaphazeleka iinyikima of shiyana.

Le ntlekele olumanyumnyezi isicwangciso eso (amanqaku ezisithoba okanye ngaphezulu) zenzeka kwiindawo ena Pamirs Kuriles, Caucasus, Transbaikalian et al.

7-9-ubukhulu inyikima waphawula kwiindawo ezinkulu, ukususela eKamchatka ukuya Carpathians. Ezi ziquka Sakhalin, Sayan, ummandla izimvu, eCrimea, Moldova kunye nabanye.

tsunami

Xa mlilo, akhiwe kwi ziqithi phantsi kwamanzi, kukho ubuncinane iintlekele enkulu. Le tsunami.

Liguqulwe lithatyathwa kwigama Japanese kuthetha Iliza elikhulu ngokungaqhelekanga amandla atshabalalisayo ukuba kwenzeka kwiindawo mlilo umsebenzi kunye neenyikima ezinzulwini zolwandle. Promotion of lo lamanzi kwenzeka ngesantya ka 50-1000 kph.

Tsunami njengoko osondela unxweme ufikelela umphakamo oziimitha 10-50 nangaphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, ngasechwebeni intshabalalo eyoyikekayo ukuba zenzeke. Izinto ezibangela le ntlekele kunokuba kwaye kwamanzi landslides, zekhephu namandla abo ukungena elwandle.

Le ndawo kakhulu eyingozi phantsi ntlekele - kunxweme Japan, i Aleutian kunye zeHawaii Islands, Alaska, ena, kwiiPhilippines, Canada, Indonesia, i-Solomon Islands, Peru, New Zealand, Chile, eAegean, lweIonia ulwandle lweAdriatic.

mlilo

kokumxhuzulisa Pro emele dubulo, kuyaziwa ukuba yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ebandakanya ukuhanjiswa daka.

Ingakumbi ezininzi kummandla wePasifiki. Kwaye kwakhona, Indonesia, Central America kunye Japan, kukho inani elikhulu mlilo. Zizonke kumhlaba 600 enza malunga 1000 sleepers.

Malunga ne-7% yabantu ehlabathini ohlala endhawini mlilo. Kwakhona, kukho mlilo ngwenya. Bebizwa kolundi yoo-olwandle.

iindawo eziyingozi Russian - Kuril Islands, ena, Sakhalin. Kwaye eCaucasus, kukho mlilo extinct.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba mlilo ngoku esebenzayo qhuma kwiminyaka 10-15 malunga 1 amaxesha.

Loo sehlelwe - kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye ntlekele ezoyikekayo.

isiphelo

Kutshanje, izenzakalo okungaqhelekanga zendalo kunye notshintsho ngesiquphe kwamaqondo obushushu ezi amaqabane rhoqo yobomi on Earth. Kwaye zonke ezi nesenzeko ukuba lakhelwe kakhulu umhlaba. Ngoko ke, utshintsho elizayo zegeophyisical zemozulu, sithwele ingozi enkulu ukuba ubukho lonke uluntu, zonke iintlanga ifuna ukulungela rhoqo ukuze abambele ingxaki enjalo. Kuqikelelo ezithile lwenzululwazi, abantu basafuna ukwazi ukumelana neziphumo elizayo iziganeko ezinjalo.