Womzobo "owasemzini" Ivana Kramskogo

Enye imisebenzi ebalaseleyo yesikolo Russian yokudweba kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIX, ngumfanekiso "owasemzini". Kramskoy walibhala 1883 okokuqala womzobo ithiwe thaca kwi-zikarhulumente kunyaka omnye kwi ngabalusi mboniso eSt Petersburg. Original igama layo - "Ongaziwayo." Xa ibona abaphulaphuli ngoko nangoko wabonakala intlebendwane yabaninzi. Ngubani na ukuba inenekazi ukuba Ivan Kramskoy abasemifanekisweni womzobo? Impendulo ngqo lo mbuzo ayikwazanga ifunyenwe kude kube namhlanje. Uphononongo zeedayari kunye ebhalelwa wegcisa nayo iye ayiphumelelanga ukucacisa le meko: Kramskoy ndawo zikhankanywe malunga ngubani lo mfazi owaba umlinganiswa ophambili yemisebenzi yakhe edumileyo.

Ukukhangelwa ngere- ngentombazana ayaziwa

Kukho imibono eziliqela malunga umfanekiso ogama idlulisela umfanekiso 'owasemzini. " Yangaphandle Inkcazelo Kursk entle umlimi Matrona Savvishna, waba ngumfazi igosa lakomkhulu Bestuzhev, le nto ifanele umlinganiswa ngelaphu. Abanye abaphengululi of Archaeology wayekholelwa ukuba imodeli, sizenza ukuba kwindlela yokubhala Intombi yakhe Sofia. Abanye abahlalutyi babe noluvo lokuba kwase wentombazana ngelaphu yi Anna Karenina, abanye bathi Ukufana yakhe Nastasya Filipovna - Heroine yenoveli Dostoevsky kaThixo "I isilima". Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX kunye elinomfanekiso wentombazana yaba kwindawo ekuyo neyayanyaniswa Blok emyoli imfihlakalo kaThixo "owasemzini."

bemdumisa kakhulu

Abaninzi ababephila Archaeology wayekholelwa ukuba kumzobo "owasemzini" yabhalwa ngenjongo izinqe laphu yokuziphatha yoluntu olungayi kumkhonza umzekelo elandelayo. Art umgxeki Stasov wabiza ubuhle kwi yemizobo "cocotte isitulo esinamavili." Ngokutsho N. Murashko, lo ngelaphu eyaboniswa "Camellia dear", oko kukuthi umfazi lobuhle lula. Ichaza i "Engaqhelekanga", umgxeki P. Kovalevsky wayibiza ngokuba "omnye zizala ye kwizixeko ezikhulu."

inkcazelo ladies

Yintoni na umfanekiso 'owasemzini'? Kramskoy zizotywe sihle ekhwela ibhinqa eliselula an buyo evulekileyo kwi Anichkov Bridge. Lady, ekhangela regally ngokuchasene imvelaphi ngekhephu Petersburg, enxibe zexabiso kunye nendlela. Zonke iinkcukacha ubuhle ngubo wasemzini igcisa abhalise nangononophelo olukhulu. ingubo Noluyolo aluhlaza ezineeribhoni satin, zalungisa kunye uboya Sable, umnqwazi kunye nento ephakathi neeglavu ukusuka lesikhumba mhle, a nesacholo yegolide - konke oku kwenza oko kubo abafazi.

Jonga ezintle, yabakho amashiya zamafu, abanekratshi, kukho intingela nokudelelwa abanye. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye emehlweni akhe, unako ukufunda ukungaqiniseki ezendeleyo kubantu bonke, elizimeleyo kwihlabathi abaphila kulo. Nangona ukungahoywa, intombazana entle kakhulu, nobumbejembeje, etsala nhla ancome. Eli nenekazi unknown ngokucacileyo ezingezozakhe amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu. Indlela ngesinxibo nefashoni, kwakunye imilebe beqabe namashiya kakhulu nasurmlennye zibonisa ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho mfazi senkosi amanene.

lokufumanisa Czech

Malunga neminyaka engama-60 emva kokubhalwa 'owasemzini' kwenye yeengqokelela angasese Czech kwafunyaniswa ngempazamo umzobo lo mfanekiso. Phezu kwayo wentombazana enxibe ilokhwe emnyama ivaliwe, iinwele zakhe babehlanganisene a iinwele eliphezulu. Umfazi kubonisiwe kulo mzobo, ifana ngokumangalisayo i "Engaqhelekanga", kodwa amehlo akhe nokuba babonakale nokudelelwa abanye. Kramskoy beqabe ubuhle kunazo kwaye uziphakamisile, enika ubuso bakhe uhlobo caricature. Ngokutsho etude ibonisa ukuba inkosi Kudala ingcamango ukudala umfanekiso kuveze, bahlekisa ezimbi oluntu.

Amarhe imifanekiso isiqalekiso

Hayi nje umlinganiswa ophambili zilahleka itsala abathandi zobugcisa ukupeyinta "owasemzini". Umculi udale umsebenzi eyimfihlakalo ngokwenene, kuba eminyaka iye ababetsaleleke abanini lembandezelo kunye nokusilela.

ngelaphu Ukubhala Kramskoy Tretyakov wathenga ngenxa igalari yakhe, kodwa wala, ukuba qiniseka ukuba eni ezintle abafazi bayakwazi ukuzoba amandla umntu ophilayo. "Owasemzini" wafumana indawo yokufihla ngokuqokelela zabucala, kuqala eRashiya, ngoko phesheya, kodwa zonke womniniyo oko kuzisa yelishwa. Isiqalekiso hung phezu yena kunye Kramskoy: kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva emva umfanekiso yapapashwa, yena enye kwenye zidlule koonyana-2.

Emva kohambo olude ngo-1925, kukho "uhlanga" twisisaka ubuyele eRashiya kwaye wathatha indawo yakhe kwi-Tretyakov Gallery, apho unanamhla. Ukususela ngoko uye wayeka ukuba nosizi kwabanye. Fans of Archaeology Qinisekisa ukuba web ekuqaleni bangena collection Tretyakov, ngoxa emva kwakhe ange alifikeleli igama elibi, kuba kulapho wayefanele ukuba ibe ukususela ekuqaleni.