Volgograd wathunywa eTsarfati: imbali, iifoto

Esi sakhiwo simangalisayo nembali kunye bokwakha baya kuba nako ukubona bonke abeza Volgograd. Wathunywa eTsarfati ukwakweli ongaphandle kumazantsi umzi. Wasinda ngokungummangaliso zokuhlala amaLuthere eyakhelwe - bezithanga, leyo yasekwa kwaye enkolweni Herrnhuters.

History of eTsarefathi (Volgograd)

Namhlanje, indawo likhulu mzi, bethabathela ngokwemiqathango ummandla kunye ngokwemiqathango labantu, i Krasnoarmeysk. Kodwa kwiminyaka 230 eyadlulayo, idolophu encinane, nto leyo yasekwa abasuka eJamani eli lizwe. Yena igama eTsarfati.

Kwinkulungwane XVIII Russian uKumkanikazi uCatherine II wamema abantu bakubo ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso lwemimandla umda osemazantsi vacant yaseRashiya. On call yakhe yokuqala ukuphendula Herrnhuters abahlala Saxony. Baba ngamaKristu, kunye nenzala ye-yaseMoriva Bazalwana, abo banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo emva kokuba kwezithandani ka Hussite revolution. In nje kwamashumi ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba bafudukela eRashiya, abazalwana Czech lahlala Saxony Gerngut zokuhlala. Ngeli xesha, uluntu lwabo baye banda kakhulu. Zangamawele, zithabathela abanamathele ezintsha.

Herrnhuters kwamkelwa yokuhlaliswa phantsi komqathango wokuba baya kunikwa ithuba lokuba nenxaxheba kumsebenzi wobuvangeli. Babefuna ukuba iLizwi likaThixo yonke ukubandezeleka, ukuze banyamekele abagulayo, uqokelele amahlwempu nezilima. Indawo yeentlawulo azikhethele yabo phakathi unikeza ezininzi. Xa ixesha ngokuba ityala, abazalwana babhenela eBhayibhileni. Befunda amazwi kaNdikhoyo, leyo wathumela umprofeti uEliya, wathuma eZarfati eSidon. UThixo wakwenza ukuze endlwini somhlolokazi nesowaliweyo, nto leyo ethintela akazange umprofeti nyamalele komgubo kwisitya, nebhotolo evela ingqayi abuzange bunciphe. Oku kugcina umfazi kunye nonyana wakhe ekufeni.

Mhlawumbi, loo nto yinto nje efane omangalisayo, kodwa eTsarfati yethu (Volgograd), edume imveliso oli yemifuno kwakunye nomgubo. Nanamhlanje ungabona ezishelfini yeemveliso igama "eTsarfati".

uphuhliso lweendawo zokuhlala

Njengoko iminyaka ihamba, ikoloni nempumelelo. Kuye izityalo ezininzi ndatyala kwiigadi zeziqhamo, nezidiliya, emasimini. Wathunywa eTsarfati yayigqalwa enye iiholide ilungileyo eRashiya, nto idume iibhate zayo udaka kunye nemithombo kwezimbiwa. Kwakubonakala ukuba uYehova ngokwakhe ezikhuselweyo abahlali zokusonjululwa izifo neentlekele zemvelo. Yiloo umsebenzi kuphela wevangeli umyalo ovela uvaliwe eminyaka ezimbalwa kamva. Oku kuchazwe yi kukuba ukusasazeka yeVangeli sisithintelo ukurhweba kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho.

Ukususela ngalo mzuzu ubomi baqala ukuncipha ku eTsarfati. Uninzi Herrnhuters kufika wayishiya elalini, kunye nabo bahlala kunye uluntu yamaLuthere. inzala yabo zatshatyalaliswa okanye elubhacweni Kazakhstan kunye eSiberia ngexesha ingcinezelo kwenkulungwane XX.

Ukudalwa Museum kunye neenjongo zayo

NgoSeptemba 1990, iBhunga labaPhathiswa ye Russian Federation isigqibo ukuseka kummandla esikhulu open-air imyuziyam. Wabamba ngexesha hectares ezintlanu. Iinjongo eziphambili indalo yayo ukulondoloza sampula unique imbali yocwangciso lweedolophu XVIII-XIX eminyaka. Ukongeza, imvuselelo awayecwangcisiwe ubugcisa zemveli kunye namashishini, izithethe zesizwe abaye kuhlala ixesha elide kweli lizwe. Namhlanje, "eTsarfati" (Volgograd) - imyuziyam, ngubani ngokuhambelana kunye namaziko ophando ehamba phambili kweli lizwe. Yena kukhuthaza ilifa zenkcubeko nezembali yaseRashiya.

I-museum "eTsarfati" amaziko (Volgograd) umsebenzi German, Russian, Ukrainian, Tatar, Belarusian, kunye nabantu Bibles. Apha zakhiwa kwaye rhoqo zaphuculwa iimeko zokugcinwa ngeenkcubeko nobuhlanga kwingingqi, uphuhliso zonxibelelwano kunye intsomi namasiko phakathi kohlanga.

Ngenxa inxaxheba kwabantu basekuhlaleni kwixesha elifutshane, imyuziyam iye umnini yeengqokelela ubalaseleyo ezizwe, zakudala kunye numismatics. Iqhayiya myuziyam yi Fund ifoto archive. Kwincwadi yakhe iqulethe izinto egxininisa ukohluka kwabemi German ubomi kunye nenkcubeko, Kalmyks kunye nabalimi Russian.

Museum "eTsarfati" (Volgograd)

Namhlanje, Museum-reserve sele kubakhenkethi enkulu, yenkcubeko, uphando kunye neziko methodological of Volgograd. Ngoku ligubungela ummandla weehektare ngaphezu kwe-7. On nommandla wayo 26 izakhiwo yasinda. 23 kubo amangcwaba XVIII-XIX iinkulungwane ukubaluleka federal. Museum "eTsarfati" (Volgograd), i photo ungabona kweli nqaku, uye abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kunye yenzululwazi ophezulu, nto leyo ekuvumela ukuba ugcine, ukufunda nokukhuthaza ilifa izizwe kummandla iVolga.

Kirch

Enye yezona ndawo eziphambili bokwakha eTsarfati i kwicawa yamaLuthere. Oku ibekwe kwindawo kumntla usembindini lali kwaye esahlula elalini ukusuka emangcwabeni, ngaloo ndlela ebonisa umgca omhle esahlula ubomi nokufa.

Igumbi lokuqala, eyenzelwe imithandazo, yamiselwa ubhishophu Nichmanom ngo-1766. Noko ke, emva konyaka icawa wafuduselwa kwesinye isakhiwo, ngaphambili eyenzelwe indibano ekhaya. Kamva, oko eqhotyoshelwe ephikweni kunye uhlala entlokweni thanga kunye nomfundisi.

Ukwakhiwa isonto entsha yamaLuthere yaqalwa ngo-1771 ngeendleko ze elo thanga ufumene isipho esivela uCatherine II. Ukongeza, iminikelo abazalwana ezisetyenzisiweyo. Esi sakhiwo sitsha yamiselwa emva konyaka (1772).

Imodeli ibandla waseTsarefathi wakhonza kwiholo yecawa a e Lichtenburg. Esi sakhiwo ine ngesimbo obungqabangqaba kakhulu bokwakha. Yena iyahambelana izimiso "gerngutskogo sobuciko". Kirch engunxantathu isakhiwo esinemigangatho emibini kunye nophahla gable kwaye phantse akanayo yomhombiso bokwakha. Kuye ngesandla mnye ukuba iqhotyoshelwe ephikweni. Kwakukho igumbi usihlalo kweli thanga kunye nabefundisi.

Emva kokuba October Revolution of 1917 inkonzo ebandleni baqhubeka phantse-20 iminyaka. Sekunjalo, ngo-1930 lona umthetho phezu lokuvala kuyo. Enyanisweni, oku kwenzeka ngo-1937 Emva yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi isakhiwo yaququzelelwa cinema "Kultarmeets". Xa hlengisa inqaba sachithwa, umzimba dismantle, wazisusa intsimbi, wabeka ezinye Ekungeneni iifestile. Ngelasentla icala kwakukho ulwandiso, leyo wagcinwa okuza cinema. Ngowe-1967, le nkundla lavalwa, kwaye ibandla ifumaneka kwi yokugcina egumbini.

Namhlanje, ngokuba abakhenkethi abaninzi ku Volgograd eTsarfati ziqukwe kuluhlu okugunyazisiweyo indawo. Bayakwazi ukubona utshintsho kakhulu ekwakheni ecaweni, nto leyo eyinxalenye imyuziyam ngowe-1991 kwiminyaka emine kamva (1995) apho iye yaluphumelela okokuqala kwiminyaka emininzi, ngentloko imfundiso amisiweyo.

iziko

zesikhumbuzo unique abaninzi nembali odumileyo Volgograd. Wathunywa eTsarfati uthatha indawo ofanele phakathi kwabo. Enye ezinika eziphambili kucingwa ukuba umzimba ifakelwe kulo ibandla.

Wanikwa ukuba uluntu mzi Vehtersbaha (Germany). ihamba kwakhe ukuvumela ukuba utshintshe iirejista ngexesha lomdlalo. Ibandla yamaLuthere uhlala kubanjwa iikonsathi negalelo kunye nogwali. Namhlanje ke iqumrhu kuphela yommandla enesandi ubomi, ngaphandle iziphumo ngekhompyutha.

Umfanekiso equilibr

Xa museum ungabona sculpture esingumqondiso imvisiswano eseleyo - Equilibre. Esi sipho kwisixeko-hero of udade wabo Cologne. Yaqala ngo-2004 ngethuba kubhiyozelwa Days of German neNkcubeko.

Umsebenzi wenziwa etyeni, umbhali uRolf Schaffner - a nomkroli odumileyo evela eJamani. Le yinxalenye ubume ozukileyo eziquka izinto ezintlanu. ukuba Bazenza kwizixeko ezihlanu yaseYurophu - Cologne (Germany), Cork (Ireland), Santo (Spain) Kronheyme (Norway). Ngoku, ubume ikhona Volgograd.

umsebenzi wokufundisa

Ngokuba zonke ngabakhenkethi beza Volgograd eTsarfati yenza bayilibale. Kwaye hayi nje kuphela ukugcinwa ezikhumbuzo zembali. Museum-Reserve iisemina nqila rhoqo lwenzululwazi, "Ezingxoxo", iinkomfa, zabavakalisa Yonyaka yayo yenzululwazi kunye iphephandaba "Iindaba waseTsarefathi."
Le myuziyam yeyona ilungileyo kummandla, German umsebenzi kwithala yokulinga Russian, isiJamani kunye namaziko nenkcubeko Bibles.