Violin Yasha Heyfets: engobomi, ubuchule, imbali yobomi umdla facts

Yasha Heyfets - ivayolin esivela kuThixo. Akumangalisi ibizwa ngokuba. Nolonwabo irekhodi yakhe elinikiweyo kwizinga elifanelekileyo. Mamela kule yimvumi brilliant, babe intsebenzo yakhe Saint-Saens, Sarasate, Tchaikovsky uze ufunde ngayo ubomi bakhe. Inkumbulo ukuba igcinwe.

ebuntwaneni

Joseph Ruvimovich (Yasha) Heifetz wazalelwa e Vilnius, kuBukhosi Russian ngo-1901. Uyise wafika kulo mzi evela ePoland, iminyaka emithathu waqala ukubafundisa, unyana wakhe, ukuba ayigcine yomculo, baqubuda. Kwaye yena wayeyimvumi self-efundisa, waza wasebenza ixesha yinxalenye emitshatweni kunye nezinye nemibhiyozo. Umntwana uye wamanga nguThixo, wamnika yonke - ukuva, inkumbulo umculo, umnqweno ukusebenza kunye nempilo. Kwiminyaka emine olisebenzisileyo ukufunda utitshala ilungileyo Vilna Malkin. Kwiminyaka emihlanu, Yasha Heyfets sele uthethe esidlangalaleni, nendlela! Eyona nto ephambili. Kwaba esikolweni umculo. Phambi ootitshala ukutyelela umntwana edlalwa "Pastoral Fantasy" Singel. Njengento kid nako ukungena endlwini umphefumlo imveliso, uphambuke iimpazamo zobugcisa? Njengoko umntwana akoyiki ukuma phambi kwabaphulaphuli omdala ngenkani eqongeni? Oku ukuyichaza kuphela. Kwiminyaka esibhozo uye wayidlala kunye ikonsathi orchestra Mendelssohn-Bartholdy.

E St Petersburg Conservatory

Kwiminyaka esithoba (!) Yasha Heyfets sele abafunda e-somculo. Imali ukufuduswa kunye noqeqesho wanika uluntu lwamaJuda Vilna. Emva konyaka, yena kuqala ayidlalileyo kwiSmall Hall of the Conservatory. Ke kwabakho yokusebenza kwisikhululo Pavlovsk ezikuzo e Odessa, eWarsaw kunye Lodz. Kwiminyaka elishumi Yasha wabhala ingxelo yokuqala. Kwaba Schubert kunye Dvorak. Yayiphethe iikonsathi eBerlin koko e Dresden, Hamburg ne ePrague. Wayeneminyaka elishumi elinanye ubudala, kwaye ivayolin wayengekho kodwa umntu omdala, kodwa kwiikota ezintathu, kodwa umdlalo hit ubulula virtuosity. Kwaye ngaphandle, zonke abahlalutyi waphawula ukuba uchaza eliphunyeziweyo. kuphuhliswa Ngoko Yasha Heyfets. izakhono zokusebenza Growth edlula ephala. Ngowe-1913 waba sele ifana mvumi lusekiwe, futhi imali yakhe yonke intsapho. The First World War bamfumana eJamani. Ngobunzima, wakwazi ukuba abuyele kwilizwe lawo. Kwaye kakade ngowe-1916, xa uhambo eNorway, wacelwa ukuba eMelika. Emva odlula eRashiya Vladivostok, Heifetz usapho sabetha eJapan emva koko eUnited States.

America

nembonakalo yakhe yokuqala-Oktobha 17, 1917 e-Carnegie Hall Wagqitha impumelelo enkulu. umdlalo wayo brilliant ngolangazelelo ngundaba-mlonyeni nokugxekwa. Yaba eliphelele kuyo violin kwafuneka azame, kodwa imvumi liselula sendigqibelele ngandlela zonke. Isandi yesixhobo wakhe yodwa, ukwenziwa kakhulu ezinzima iindinyana ubuchule waba olugqibeleleyo, ububanzi zemihlathi emnandi kwabonakala engaphele ndawo, incopho yawo ngesiquphe liqhuma. Waba isithixo yaseMelika.

Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko unako ukuthenga yakhe yokuqala Stradivarius. Kamva, waba omnye ivayolin ye wizard, uze emva koko Guarneri. On kubo, wayedlala ubomi bakhe bonke ezilandelayo.

Ukuziqhelanisa aseMelika kwaba lula. Heyfets Yasha baqala ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, wathenga imoto isikhephe,, ukudlala intenetya babe ixesha ofanele uli- umculo. Oku ngoko nangoko wathinta umgangatho umdlalo wakhe. Kodwa lo mfana yakhawuleza alungise iziphene. Ndidlale nangoku violin engakholelekiyo. Yasha Heyfets ngo-1925 waba ngummi United States.

umshado

Ngowe-1929 watshata. Umfazi wayo i movie inkwenkwezi American Florence Arto. Ngowe-1930, esi sibini amadodana intombi kaYosefu, yaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva - unyana ka-Robert.

umsebenzi yokuhambela

Kwiminyaka 20-30 wayehamba kunye eekonsathi ehlabathini lonke. 1920 - London, 21 - Australia, th 22 - Britain, 23 - East, we-24 kunye th 25 - eNgilani, 26 - Umzantsi Melika kunye noMbindi Mpuma. Yena phantse ayizange yenzeke ekhaya, siphila iihotele ekuhambeni kwakhe. Wayekholelwa ukuba, njengoko kabini zatyelelwa nenyanga - ukuba ubude iindlela zayo. Ngowe-1933 wayedlala iokhestra le New York Philharmonic. Kwaye kwakukho umqhubi omkhulu Arturo Toscanini. Wayedlala concerto ivayolin "Umprofeti", elingcwele, umbhali ngokwakhe.

Relations kunye Soviet lokhokho

Le uju nobuchule, uqikelele amazwi akhe Heifetz wavumela ukugcina ubudlelwane obulungileyo kunye norhulumente waseSoviet. Ngowe-1934, wacanda yamaNazi Germany eMoscow iLeningrad, akadla kukhonza kweli lizwe, abambe bt yayo kwaye apho bayibiza emva kwiminyaka yokuqala, "Ingelosi violin." Kodwa eSoviet Union, wabanika iikonsathi ezintandathu ndidibana abafundi Conservatory. Xa ingqondo enzulu nobuchule bakhe liphezulu ngayo ekwenziweni nabagxeki Soviet. Kalula ngayo wakoyisa ubunzima zobugcisa 24 Paganini ziimfuno, akukho mntu belahlekiswa. Heifetz game ebizwa yabengezela.

impilo Personal

Ngowe-1938 Heyfets Yasha wamenyelwa kuqala ngokudubula ifilimu. Waye edlala nje ngokwakhe.

Kwiminyaka emibini kamva wayithenga indlu iintsapho ezimbini. Omnye ke akasekude eLos Angeles, Beverly Hills, kunye nezinye - on the Pacific kunxweme phezu elunxwemeni e malibu. Waza waqala ukufundisa kwiYunivesithi yase Southern California. Kodwa umsebenzi yekonsathi akayeki. Yena uya kukhenketho loMzantsi Melika kunye, Kakade ke, ebudeni bemfazwe wakhonza zibhedlele.

Ngowe-1945, Heifetz wamala umfazi wakhe, yaye kudala intsapho entsha Francis Spiegelberg iminyaka emibini. Kule umtshato wazalwa unyana kaYosefu. Ngowe-1950 kususwa omnye umboniso malunga iintlanganiso Heifetz kunye abafundi University of California.

Uhambo kuSirayeli

Ngowe-1953, uhambo kwaSirayeli, waza wafaka isincoko Umqambi emangalisayo, kodwa waseJamani uRichard Strauss. Yena wacelwa ukuba ukudlala lo yevayolin Sonata Umqambi "zwilakhe". Noko ke, Heyfets Yasha, violin ungumYuda nje, kukho uluvo ezahlukeneyo, yaye abazange batshintshe inkqubo yayo. Ukuze naye baqala ukufumana iileta ngezisongelo kuyo le violin enkulu ayizange ukunikela ingqalelo. Emva enye ibonisa kwakhe wahlaselwa bar yentsimbi umfana. Heifetz wazama ukuba angatshabalalisi isixhobo nanto owathandayo, kodwa wayenzakele. Le eziyingozi kunye hayi ovalelweyo, nangona kwenziwe uphando lwaqhutywa. Kwakhe violin ngesandla sokunene buhlungu, waza waba minyaka imashumi mabini ubude akazange eze kuSirayeli.

EUnited States

Kunyaka-60, xa umbethi-fidyoli wangena, oko ngokuthi, ubudala, yena kwanciphisa inani zomsebenzi bhasi. Kodwa oku uyabhatalwa kukuba umculo iifilimu, nokuba wabhala ingoma ethandwayo ukukhanya, njengomntu ukuba gay. Heifetz Waqhuba orchestra ixesha elithile kwi "Metropolitan Opera". Ngowe-1962, yena umtshato nomfazi wakhe, kodwa esandula ukutshata Abazange beze. Iminyaka 68, uye Uyekile ukwenza, esithi uphulukene umdla emiboniso bahlala yaye ngowe-1972 nizinikele ngokupheleleyo ekufundiseni. Okokuqala wafundisa abafundi kwiiyunivesithi, kamva, kufutshane iminyaka asibhozo, enika izifundo zabucala ekhayeni lakhe Beverly Hills. Waye wayengumfundisi onobubele, inzima kakhulu ezinzima. Of amabali bonisa ezizodwa emva kwexesha ukuze isifundo Eyisongile ke umnyango ikhaya lakhe, kwaye abakuboni iiklasi. Yena yafuna abafundi okuchaneka zemfundo iisuti olusesikweni. Amantombazana - ubuncinane esenziwe nezacholo. violin ezimdaka ngokubanzi abavumelekanga. Ngezenzo zolwaphulo, wathabatha izohlwayo ezabe ziyabanceda abo basweleyo. Uye waqeqesha baqhube ezininzi ezibalaseleyo.

studio kwakhe esikolweni Kolnborskoy ayinamdlali. Isetyenziswa ukuze baqhube iiklasi enkosini. Ezi iindonga, sikhumbula umzobi enkulu, bakhuthaze abafundi abakule somculo.

UMnu Heifetz, njengoko wayekhetha ukuba kuthiwe, wafa zestrowuku ngo-1987. Ayethanda kwesidumbu bachithachithe uthuthu phezu kolwandle. Guarneri violin wemka bantsebenzo ufanelwe ngubani oza kudlala kwi-San Francisco Museum, apho sesona sixhobo ngokwayo.

Oku iqukumbela nenkcazelo yendlela yokuphila iimvumi ezinkulu ezifana Yasha Heyfets. ngobomi bakhe lizele inkonzo umculo, apho undoqo ngobomi bakhe.