Umdlali we-Ballet obalaseleyo u-Osipenko Alla: i-biography, iimbali ezithakazelisayo kunye nempumelelo

U-Alla Evgenievna Osipenko, ibali lakhe lobomi liza kuchazwa kwinqaku, yimbali yokudlala, inkwenkwezi eqaqambileyo phakathi kwabadlali. Wayengumfundi ka-A. Vaganova, wathatha inxaxheba kwimveliso yeengcali ezikhethiweyo zexesha lakhe. Ubabalo lwakhe kunye neetalente ezinkulu, waphumelela bobabini abahlali be-RSFSR, kunye nabaphulaphuli bezinye iintlanga.

UAlla Osipenko: biography

U-Alla wazalelwa eLeningrad ngoJuni 16, ngo-1932. Wahlala kunye nonina, unina, ugogo uMaria kunye noninakazi uAnna.

Umama kaOsipenko wavela kwintsapho yaseBorovik. Kwimihlokho ye-ballerina yayingumculi u-Vladimir Lukich Borovikovsky, umbongi uAlexander Lvovich kunye nomfaki-zithombe u-Alexander Alexandrovich - noBorovikovsky. Uyise ka-Alla wayevela kwizihloniphi zaseUukraine. Ngomhla wama-37 wafakwa entolongweni ngenxa yokuba waqala ukuvulela obala amandla aseSoviet aze afune ukukhululwa kwamagosa angama-tsarist. Unina wahlukana naye. Emva koko, xa kwakusifikile ixesha lokufumana ipaspoti, naphezu kwezicelo zikaMama, uAlla washiya intsinina kayise - wayenomuvo wokuthi esinye isigqibo siza kubingcatsha.

Ukubiza

Wavusa intombazana ngokuthe ngqo. Wachitha ixesha elininzi kunye nabantu abadala, akazange avunyelwe ngaphandle kwiredi. Kwaye wayengenakuthetha noontanga, ubunzima bakhe babenqwenela ukuba bayeke ukunyamekela. Icala lazibonakalisa kwiklasi lokuqala - wayefunda malunga nesangqa sendawo kwaye wancenga izihlobo zakhe ukuba zimvumele angene. Ukuba kuphela amaxesha ambalwa ngosuku ukubuya emva koko, musa ukuhlala kwiindonga ezine! Kodwa intombazana ngokwakhe ngelo xesha yayingekho ukudansa - unina wayefuna ukuba yi-ballerina, kungekhona yena.

Kodwa ngenxa yomgudu, u-Osipenko u-Alla Evgenievna wamfumana ebiza. Uthisha wakhe wambona iitalente zakhe waza wanxusa unina ukuba anike intombi yakhe kwisikolo esikolweni. Wayebhaliswe khona ngoJuni 21, 1941, kwaye ngoJuni 22 imfazwe yaqala.

Abantwana bathuthelwa eKostroma, emva koko baya eMlotov (ngoku i-Perm). I-Ballet yafundiswa kuqala ecaweni, ngoko ke, xa beyithunyelwa kwi-Courier, emabhokothini. "Ulambile kwaye kubanda," u-Alla uyakhumbula ngala maxesha. Abafundi bebathathe inxaxheba, kaninzi ngaphandle kokukrazula iingubo zabo kunye namathambo. Lezo zihlandlo ezinzima, kodwa kwakungenxa yokufuduka, mhlawumbi ngenxa yakhe, ukuba u-Osipenko wathandana nobugcisa ngonaphakade.

Isigaba esitsha

Emva kwesikolo u-Osipenko Alla weza kwi-Leningrad Opera kunye neBallet Theater egama linguKrov (ngoku iMaryinsky Theater). Umsebenzi wakhe apha awuzange uhlakulele kakuhle. Uvavanyo lokuqala lwaluyingozi enkulu yomlenze. U-Osipenko oneminyaka engamashumi amabini aneminyaka engama-20 ubudala, engumtsalane wokuphefumlelwa emva kokuphindaphinda, akazange ahla-aphuma e-trolley ... kwaye phantse iminyaka kunye nesiqingatha wacelwa ukuba ayibalekele ngendawo. Ukunyaniseka kuphela kwamnceda ukuba abuyele. Ngokutsho kwakhe, esi siganeko samnceda ukuba aqonde oko akufunayo ngokwenene.

I-Kirov Theatre yayiyisikolo esinzima. Wayefuna uncedo olukhethekileyo, uphawu lwesigxina. Kodwa ngaphandle kwesigaba u-Alla wayengenalo umphangi, ngokuchaseneyo. Wayekholelwa abagxeki ababembuza iitalente zakhe. Kwafuneka ndibonelele ngokusemgangathweni kwam, kunye nokuziphendulela ngokwenyama, phantse onke amaxesha.

Isithsaba somsebenzi wakhe yinto ebalulekileyo kwi "Stone Flower" (1957), apho wayedansa ngomfanekiso kaMfundisi. Ngomso wabuya wavusa udumo. U-Osipenko u-Alla wambona ukuba uzuko, mhlawumbi, aluzange lufike kuye kakhulu ngenxa ye talente, kodwa ngenxa yokuvela komfanekiso. Ngethuba lokuqala ibhola le-ballerina yabonakala kwinqanaba elithile kwisigxina esisodwa esifanelekileyo.

KGB

Impumelelo yaba nelinye icala. Okokuqala, wayebhekwa njengomdlali weqonga lomsebenzi omnye. Okwesibini, udumo lwakhe ludonsa i-KGB. Kwakulawulwa ngokukodwa emva kowe-1961, xa iqabane layo uRudolf Nureyev libalekela i-USSR. U-Alla wayengubu bungqina bale moya - inqumle "yehla" i-Nureyev.

Oku kwenzeka ngexesha lokutyelela. U-Nureyev wenqaba ukulandela ishedyuli, apho banquma ukumthumela eMoscow. Kodwa uNureyev wayefuna ukuqhubela phambili. Wakwazi ukukhulula waza wagijimela kwinqwelo, apho abahlobo bakhe bahamba khona eLondon. Wayengenalo ixesha - kwaye endaweni efanayo, eParis, wacela ukukhuselwa kobupolitika. Kamva e-USSR, nangona engekho, u-Nureyev wagwetywa iminyaka eyisixhenxe ngenxa yokuhlaselwa. U-Alla wenza njengomkhuseli wakhe.

Okwangoku, kunye no-Alla, ngokwenene abazange bathathe amehlo abo. ELondon wafakwa kwindawo ehlukeneyo. Bakhululwa kwaye bayifakela ngentloko, bayishiya bengayihambelani naphi na. Wayephoqeleka ukufihla kubalandeli, kwaye izicelo zeentatheli zaphendula ngokukhawuleza ukuba uApasenko Alla akanako ukunika udliwano-ndlebe, ekubeni "uzala." Kamva yavunyelwa ukutyelela kuphela amazwe asezentlalo.

U-Alla wayekade ekhuthazelele umonde we-KGB. Ngethuba lokutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala eParis, ngo-1956, yena (owokuqala phakathi kwe-Soviet ballerinas) wathola umvuzo ka- Anna Pavlova. Kwaye ngolunye usuku, ezalisekisa isicelo somhlobo, wamnika udadewabo udonga, wasinda kubabukeli - ngomnyango wangemuva.

L. V. Jakobson

Kwi-theater ye-Kirov u-Osipenko u-Alla uye wadlala kwimveliso emininzi, phakathi kwabo - Ukulala Ubunono, Umthombo waseBakchiska, iCinderella, i-Othello, iThe Legend of Love. Kodwa umoya okhulu, izihlazo, ukuxhatshazwa kunye nobunkokeli, ukunganeliseki kokudala - konke oku kwanika ibhola ibinzima. Emva kweminyaka engama-21 yomsebenzi kwindawo yokudlala, washiya.

Ekubambisana nomlingani uJohn Markovsky, wajoyina inkundla yeLV Jakobson, kwi "Miniatures" zakhe. Le nto yayingumngcipheko-ukuveliswa kukaJacobson bekuhlala kugxininiswa, kwafunwa kuzo iimpawu zokulwa neSovietism, zazama ukuthintela. Umntu ovukelayo we-ballerina uye wazibonakalisa apha. Xa ikhomishana yavalwe inombolo yomdaniso "iMinotaur kunye neNmph" ngenxa yokuba "u-eroticism", "u-Alla, kunye ne-choreographer, wagijima waya kumongameli wekomiti elilawulayo le- AA Sizov. Ukumangalisa nokuvuya, inani lavunyelwa ukuba libekwe.

Umlinganiso kaJakobson wawunzima. Wayekulungele ukuhlaziya nanini na, ujikeleze iwashi. Kwaye kwenziwa ukuhlaziywa kwincinane encinci. I-choreographer iphoqelele ukuba abadlali bazinikezele ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza, ukuba benze ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nokulila, ngokubanzi. Yenza izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngokungenakwenzeka. Kodwa u-Alla wayevuyela ukusebenza noJacsonson. Wayeyithatha ingqondo, wayihlambulula kwaye wayenomncinci kumthandana naye. Ngoko kukho imveliso ethi "Firebird", "Swan" kunye ne "Idiot", leyo uYakobson ayibeka ngokucacileyo u-Osipenko. Kodwa ulwalamano phakathi kwe-ballerina kunye ne-choreographer lwancipha ngokukhawuleza.

Xa ngo-1973 u-Osipenko walimala kwakhona, uYakobson akazange afune ukulinda.

Ukuphela komsebenzi

Emva kokushiya uJakobson, u-Osipenko noMarkovsky bebetrato. Kwakunzima, kwakungekho phantse umsebenzi. Intsanqa yancuma ngabo ngo-1977, xa bedibana nomculi-choreographer B. Ya. Eifman, eba ngabadlali abakhokelayo beqela lakhe "i-New Ballet". Kukho i-ballerina yasebenza kude kube ngo-1982. Kodwa oku bekusekupheleni komsebenzi wakhe, ngokukodwa kusenqunyanyiswe ngokuphambana kwakhe noMarkovsky.

Kwixesha elizayo, u-Alla uphicothiweyo kwi-cinema- "Izwi" i-Averbakh, i-half-naked Ariadne "inxunguphalo" A. Sokurov. Imiboniso yezemidlalo. Emva koko, emva kwe-perestroika, u-Osipenko waya phesheya, apho wafundisa khona ixesha elide. Waqhubeka ekwenza oko eRashiya.

Uthando

UBrabererina uAla Evgenievna Osipenko washada ngamanye amaninzi. Inkathazo embi ebomini bakhe yashiya ukufa kwonyana wakhe oyedwa, ozelwe ngumdlali we-Gennady Voropayev.

Umtshato wakhe noJohn Markovsky uyaziwa. Iqonga labo eliqaqambileyo lalibizwa ngokuba "ngamakhulu amabini eminyaka". U-Alla wabiza uMarkovsky wakhe umlingane. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ngomdaniso, babonakala bephela. Ngethuba lokuqala baqhutyana ndawonye kwi-Perm, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo baqala ukuthanda kwabo, nangona wayeneminyaka engama-12 ubudala. Bebonke kunye iminyaka eyi-15. Emva kwekhefu kunye naye, u-Alla wayengenakufumana enye iqabane elifanayo, wathi, oku kwaba sekupheleni kwabo njengabadlali.

Ootitshala kunye nezithixo

Isithixo se-ballerina ixesha elide kwakunguNatalika Dudinskaya. UOsipenko wamxelisa ngokunyanisekileyo. Ukuxelisa kwakumsebenzi ongeyimbi - ivimbela ukubonisa abantu ngabanye, kwaye u-Alla kwafuneka abuyele. Wayenezinye izithixo phakathi kwe-ballerinas, umzekelo, uVera Arbuzova.

Phakathi kwabantu ababethelela italente yakhe, u-Alla uyabhala ngokugqithiseleyo uBoris Fenster. Ngesinye isikhathi wabona kwaye wancedisa ukutyhila le nto mbazana. Ngaloo xesha wayebizwa ngokuba "intombazana ene-paddle", ngenxa yokuba yayingenayo i-ballerina. Kodwa uFenster wambona waza wamnika indima yePannochka eTaras Bulba. Waba ngumcebisi oqinileyo, wamnyanzelisa ukuba angabi nciphisa umzimba, kodwa wacinga ukuba acinge ngaye.

I-ballerina kunye noLidia Mikhailovna Tyutina bancedisa kakhulu. Ngendlela ezininzi, mbulela kuye, u-Osipenko wakwazi ukubuyela emva kokulimala.

Akunakwenzeka ukuthetha ngo-Agrippina Vaganov. Wayengumfundisi oqinileyo, edla ngokumemeza kumfundi wakhe kwaye wayeqaphela ukuba uyambulela umlingiswa wakhe uya kugcina ehlala ehholo lomculo. Kodwa ngelo xesha wayemfundisi obalaseleyo, ongenalwazi.

I-ballerina iyisihloko

Njengoko kuthethwa ngudliwano-ndlebe ngu-Alla Osipenko ngokwakhe, ibhola le-bergerina liyihloko, kwaye alikho umsebenzi. Kwaye ukuba ube yinto, udinga umlingiswa. U-Osipenko kunye nobomi bakhe bonke bhengeze le ngxelo. Impumelelo kunye nokungaphumeleli, ulonwabo kunye nomdlalo - konke oku kwenzelwe ukuba ngumntu ongaqhelekanga.