Umbhali Georgi Markov

Umbhali Georgi Markov waziwa kakuhle kwisizukulwana abadala, abo iinkumbulo zexesha eSoviet. Yhazi ukuba le ncwadi umbhali namhlanje? Okanye uya kuhlala ngonaphakade kumaxesha Soviet?

Ezinye iinkcukacha ezivela ngobomi lombhali

Umbhali elizayo Georgi Markov, ogama engobomi kukuba ngeendlela ezininzi ngokuqhelekileyo indoda yiSoviet, wazalwa ngo-Apreli 1911 kwilali eSiberia Novokuskovo ekude Tomsk kwiphondo, kwi umzingeli hlathi usapho. Ukuze ufumane imfundo, ukuba qwele ehlabathini ekugqibeleni ukufumana yingqiqo uyilo lwakho Georgi Markov unako kuphela utshintsho olukhulu olwenzeke eRashiya ngowe-1917. Revolution kunye norhulumente waseSoviet wanika ithuba abantu abaselula abakumgangatho ophantsi ukuba ukufikelela kulwazi nemfundo ephakamileyo, leyo ukuba ukwenyuka esiphezulu. Kwaye Marco uGiorgi Mokeevich eyaziwa umbhali yiSoviet ye besiza eSiberia, i umzekeliso egqibeleleyo yale ngxelo. Waqalisa indlela yakhe ukuya kwimisebenzi esemaphandleni Komsomol lomzabalazo. Oku ukuba sifudukele kwisixeko wengingqi Tomsk kwaye eyunivesithi yendawo kwi sebe wangokuhlwa. Funda umbhali elizayo edityaniswe an esebenzayo Komsomol kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu.

zeveki umhleli

Akwaziwa ukuba yintoni isizathu Georgi Markov akazange izifundo zakhe Tomsk State University. indlela lakhe uncwadi elikhulu kumsebenzi journalistic kwaye somhleli rhoqo oolindixesha ezahlukeneyo ebonakala kumaziko zengingqi basentshona eSiberia - Tomsk, naseNovosibirsk kunye eOmsk. Kodwa ke ngaxeshanye kunye kucholacholo lweendaba Georgi Markov waqalisa ukusebenza ngeziqwenga zabo. incwadi yakhe yokuqala ngo-1936 kwaphawula ngonyaka. Emva kokuba nangoko iqala umsebenzi kwi umthamo obonakalayo umsebenzi "Strogovy" iya kubizwa kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa ke uphuhliso lwezicwangciso zobuchule umbhali oselula oluphazanyiswa yimfazwe. Ukususela inoveli ke akuqala shicilela kwisahluko sokuqala, bafika e Irkutsk boncwadi magazini "New eSiberia".

sempi

Ngenyanga yokuqala yemfazwe, umbhali wayilwa sokungena emkhosini. Kwafuneka ukuba bakhonze phambi Trans-izimvu kwi ubume correspondent zomkhosi kweli phephandaba "Xa umgca umsebenzi." Umyalelo wagqiba ukuba Georgi biography Markov leyo phantse bengenanto yakwenza emkhosini, uya kuzisa iingenelo nangaphezulu umsebenzi nemibono. Yile nto yenziwe umbhali ukuba aqhubeke umsebenzi kwinoveli engagqitywanga. Yaye kuhlaselwa kwi Kwantung Army Transbaikal Front bafudukela kuphela ekwindla ka-1945. Ke Georgi Markov ebebandakanyeka kumafa yayo ngokoyiswa i yaseJapan in naseManchuria. Emva koko, ezi ziganeko ziza kunikwa ingxelo kubo kwiqela lwemisebenzi yoncwadi nakwiifilim meko "Order: Musa ukuvula lomlilo" kunye "Order:. Ukuba uwele umda" Ngowe-1943, Georgi Markov, usiwe kwi Union of Writers Soviet. Kwaye ngoDisemba 1945 yena exhaphaza evela yiSoviet Army elikwisikhundla ka Major.

Roman "Strogovy"

Kukholelwa ukuba Georgi Markov (umbhali) yaqala le ncwadi. Kwaye le ngxelo kakhulu ntiyiso. Ngaphezu inoveli voluminous, ubalisa ibali lobomi kwilali yaseSiberia ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, Georgi Markov usebenze iminyaka esixhenxe. Bekuya kuba Asikokubaxa izinto ukuthi incwadi ngokuphila, kodwa uninzi zokwenene zayo zithathwa umbhali lobuntwana bakhe, eyayibanjelwe Tomsk hlathi. Xa bamaziko iziganeko imfazwe yamakhaya, ziyahlelwa abalimi, ukhokela impi kunye abamhlophe. Roman amkelwa evela kubafundi eziqhelekileyo kunye nokwamkelwa ukuhlalutya uncwadi. Le ncwadi yaye yanikwa Prize Stalin. Ngeminyaka, ngokusekelwe kuya kubhalwa leempendulo ifilimu kamabonakude. Emva kokuba impumelelo "Strogova" Georgi Markov inyulelwa isikhundla yobunobhala kwi Union le Writers ', nto leyo evumela ukuba ahambe ukusuka Irkutsk eMoscow. Kwikomkhulu, umbhali uyaqhubeka umsebenzi wokubhala.

okuchithwa yobusoshiyali

Zonke iincwadi Georgi Markov kuhle ekwafanekisa umgangatho ukuba yiSoviet Union ingqalelo kuphela ezamkelekileyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zokuvakalisa ezobugcisa. Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba yi-ngokoqobo bobusoshiyali, esekelwe phezu kwemimiselo partisanship, ideology kunye nobuzwe. Abo avume ukwenza kule ndawo, abanakuxhomekeka upapasho kunye ukuqatshelwa iziphumo yomsebenzi wakhe. Kwaye emva kokuba lo xesha elawo ngaphambili, kwakukho umbuzo yendalo - njani ukuluphatha isebenza? ke ngokubanzi na ixabiso? Okanye ngaba nje ezikhumbuzo zoncwadi ziyalungiswa ixesha labo? Kakade ke, wonk 'umntu unelungelo ukunika iimpendulo zakhe zale mibuzo. Kodwa ezininzi umbhali Georgi Markov kwixesha elidlulileyo ngonaphakade. Noko ke, kusenokuba umdla abo bafunda elithile Soviet zembali. iincwadi akhe kunceda ekuqondeni zenene wemka.

umsebenzi wokubhala

Kuyo yonke le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe, umbhali Georgi Markov ebisebenza, epapashwe, wenza nokuhlelwa eziliqela kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu. Yena lo ungumzekeliso ozise nempembelelo kakhulu kubunkokheli be-Union of Writers Soviet, njalo wahlala phezu kwiikomiti ezahlukeneyo, ehleli nqwelo ze-ofisi kaMongameli kunye ngeenkongolo ezininzi. iileta Ityikitywe kunye namaxwebhu ezikhalazo, kubandakanywa nabo apho kamva ndandineentloni - ukugwebela yiSakharov kunye Solzhenitsyn. Kunye ekuqaleni perestroika Markov Georgiy Mokeevich wayeka zonke izithuba zakhe.