Ukusebenza iitafile "Excel": inyathelo imiyalelo step, iimpawu kunye neziphakamiso

Uninzi abasebenzisi ikhompyutha kwiinkqubo Windows asekelwe kwiisethi Microsoft Office uya ijongene ngokuqinisekileyo nesicelo MS Excel. Xa abasebenzisi makhwelo inkqubo ibangela iingxaki ezithile kuphuhliso, kodwa ukusebenza "Eksele" kunye neefomula kunye neetafile akunzima njengoko kusenokubonakala xa uqala kuqala, ukuba uyayazi imigaqo esisiseko ebekwe phantsi kwi kwiSihlomelo.

Yintoni Excel?

Akuboni Excel Umshini zezibalo olupheleleyo ukwenza nobuninzi arithmetic, aljibra, netrigonometri, kunye neminye imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi ukusebenza iindidi zedata esisiseko eziliqela, oku akusoloko ezinxulumene kwimathematika.

Ukusebenza iitafile "Excel" kuthetha ukusetyenziswa amathuba kunye nokwakha ikhompyutha, kunye nombhalo Arabha, kunye multimedia. Kodwa kwinkqubo yayo yoqobo uhlobo yayiyilwe ngqo njengoko umhleli enamandla zezibalo. Noko ke, uthabathe isicelo lokuqala nayiphi wokubala ezinga eliphezulu. Imposiso enkulu!

Imisebenzi "Eksele" kunye iitafile kwabasaqalayo: abazana yokuqala kunye interface

Inyathelo lokuqala emva kokuvula i-nkqubo, umsebenzisi ubona window engundoqo, leyo iqulathe ulawulo ezisisiseko kunye nezixhobo lo msebenzi. Kwiinguqulelo kamva, i-window ivela xa uqala isicelo, apho uceba ukwenza ifayile entsha, ngokungagqibekanga ngokuba "Incwadi 1" okanye khetha i template amanyathelo anokuthathwa.

Ukusebenza "Excel" spreadsheet kwabasaqalayo kwi kwinqanaba lokuqala kwamhla kunye program kufuneka kuphela kanye ukwenza itheyibhile engenanto. Nakuba sibheka izinto ezisisiseko.

ifildi Main lubaluleke itafile ngokwayo, lwahlulwe kwizisele. Ngasinye inombolo, ngenxa uququzelelo emacala-mabini - isiqu inombolo kunye ikholam ileta (umzekelo, ukuthatha i-Excel 2016). Le iinombolo efunekayo ukuze kwi izixhomekeki ifomula ungachaza ngokucacileyo kanye data iseli, kukusebenza eziya kuveliswa.

Ukusuka apha ngasentla, njengoko kwezinye izicelo ofisi, kukho iqela le menu engundoqo, yaye ngezantsi nje - izixhobo. Phantsi kwalo kukho umgca eyodwa apho ningena ifomula, yaye ngakumbi kancinci ukuya ekhohlo uyakwazi ukubona window kunye uququzelelo yeseli yangoku esebenzayo (leyo a uxande). panel Ezantsi ibonisa amaxwebhu kunye nentshukumo tyaba slider, naphantsi kulo iqhosha uhlobo iswitshi kunye nokusondeza. Ukuba sasekunene ngumcu nkqo wetshati ukuya phezulu / ezantsi.

iintlobo ezisisiseko ukusebenza ngegalelo data lenyama

Ekuqaleni, loo nto ixela ukuba umsebenzi ngumsebenzisi kwabasaqalayo kwi "iitafile Eksele 'ukuba siqhelane kuyo imisebenzi esiqhelekileyo, umzekelo umhleli wokubhaliweyo efanayo iLizwi.

Njengesiqhelo, itafile unako ukwenza umsebenzi ikopi, okanye ukusika faka data, faka okubhaliweyo okanye idatha yamanani.

Kodwa ngokubeka enye kancinane owenzelwe abahleli kwisicatshulwa. Inyaniso yokuba inkqubo ekuqaleni alungiswa baqaphele ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba umsebenzisi abhalise esiseleni esebenzayo. Umzekelo, xa ufaka umtya 01/02/2016, i-data uya kwaziwa ukuba umhla, kwaye kwiseli endaweni amanani angena iza kuba ngomhla ngohlobo lula - 02/01/2016. Izakutshintsha kwakhona ifomati ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa kumxholo wawakhoakulula elula (it ngelo kancinane emva koko).

Kwaye ngoko ke ngamanani. Ungafaka nayiphi na idata amanani, nokuba ezinenani engenasizathu iindawo enedesimali, uze ziya kuboniswa ngendlela apho bonke bephela baqhelile ukubona. Kodwa ke, ukuba ufake inani elipheleleyo, iya kuqhutywa ngaphandle mantissa (needesimali njengoko abayi-). Tshintsha kuyenzeka.

Kodwa ugqibile, abasebenzisi abaninzi mafikizolo bazama ukuba sifudukele iseli elandelayo ngokusebenzisa amaqhosha yezitshixo Utolo (esifana njani yenziwe iitafile Word). Kwaye ayisebenzi. Kutheni? Kodwa ngenxa yokuba lo msebenzi "Excel" spreadsheet yahlukile umhleli wokubhaliweyo iLizwi kakhulu kakhulu. Yenguqu mazenziwe ngokucinezela i Faka iqhosha okanye ngokumisela uxande esebenzayo kwenye iseli ngokusebenzisa i Ukunqakaza mouse ekhohlo. Ukuba emva kokuba ukubhala into yeseli esebenzayo, cofa Esc, igalelo luya kurhoxiswa.

Izenzo kunye neemakhishithi

Ukusebenza ngeemakhishithi ekuqaleni kunokubangela iingxaki akufanele. Kwiqela lenjongo ezantsi unalo okhethekileyo iqosha Lokongeza amazinki emva ucofe eya kubakho itafile entsha nokhutshelo ngokuzenzekelayo kuwo, ngokucacisa igama ( "Sheet 1", "Page 2", njalo njalo. D.).

ngonqakrazo kabini, ungenza yenza ukuthiya ngokutsha nayiphi na kuzo. Kwakhona, imenyu konqakrazo lwasekunene-ingasetyenziswa ukubiza i menu olongezelelweyo, apho kukho imiyalelo ezisisiseko ezimbalwa.

zokwakheka iiseli

Ke kaloku, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - format yeseli - omnye nezimaphambili ezingundoqo, nto leyo into kugqiba uhlobo lwe data eza kusetyenziselwa ukuqaphela ezilapho kuyo. Ubiza ukuhlela format kunokwenzeka ngenxa menu konqakrazo lwasekunene-, apho umgca olufanelekileyo okhethiweyo okanye ngokucinezela F2.

Iwindow ekhohlo kubonisa zonke iifomati ezikhoyo, kunye nelungelo ibonisa iinketho eyenzelwe umboniso data. Ukuba ujonga kwi umzekelo kunye mhla eboniswe ngasentla, njengoko ifomathi ikhethiwe, "Umhla", kunye nelungelo ukucwangcisa kwifom efunekayo (umzekelo, 1 Februwari 2016).

ezinye fomati zingasetyenziswa ukwenza imisebenzi zezibalo, kodwa kwimeko kwecacileyo, khetha Inani. Ekunene, kukho iindidi ezininzi igalelo, kukho isalathisi sokuba inani lamasuntswana emva kwesishumi endle mantissa bekunye umahluli iqela. Ukusebenzisa iintlobo yamanani (okucacileyo, iqhezu, imali njalo njalo. D.), Too, zingasetwa i parameters ezinqwenelekayo.

Ngokunga gqibekanga, ukuqondwa data oluzenzekelayo wabeka ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Kodwa xa uchwetheza amagama ambalwa okanye nkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo ukuguqula ibe yinto enye. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukungena okubhaliweyo kuba iseli esebenzayo kuyimfuneko ukubeka ukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Sebenza "Excel" kunye neefomula (itheyibhile): Umzekelo

Okokugqibela, kukho amagama ambalwa malunga ifomula. Okokuqala, makhe sihlolisise umzekelo Isiphumo samanani amabini A1 no-A2. Isicelo ibandakanya oluzenzekelayo summation iqhosha kunye nemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo (ukubalwa imin arithmetic, ubukhulu, ubuncinane, njalo njalo. D.). Simply ukufaka iseli esebenzayo nto kwikholam enye, ngezantsi, kwaye ukhetho le mali iza kubalwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Imisebenzi okufanayo amaxabiso tyaba, kodwa iseli esebenzayo kwimali kufuneka ukuba ekunene.

Kodwa ungakwazi ukufaka ifomula ngesandla (umsebenzi kunye neetafile "Excel" yaye icebisa ithuba enjalo xa msebenzi oluzenzekelayo akasinikanga). Kuba inani elifanayo kumele ukuba ibha yefomyula ukuze alingane kwaye ukumisela ukusebenza A1 + A2 okanye SUM (A1, A2), yaye ukuba ufuna ukukhankanya iqela leeseli, sebenzisa ifomu emva kophawu olulinganayo: (A1: A20), emva koko kube it ubala udibaniso lwamaxabiso wonke amanani iiseli ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya wamashumi amabini, ebandakanya.

yatshati

Ukusebenza iitafile "Excel" umdla kwakhona ukuba kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ukucwangcisa isixhobo esisodwa nokuhambisa nemizobo esekelwe kuluhlu olukhethiweyo.

Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho iqhosha ekhethekileyo kwiqela lenjongo, emva kokucofa apho ungakhetha naziphi i parameters okanye oyifunayo look. Emva koko, itshathi okanye igrafu iboniswe kwiphepha nje umfanekiso.

Cross-intanethi, ngenisa data kwamanye amazwe

Le program kwakhona uyakwazi ukufaka unxibelelwano data kwi amashiti ezahlukeneyo, sebenzisa umnqamlezo-iimbekiselo kwezinye iifayile format okanye izinto iiseva kwi-Internet, kunye nezinye wokongeza i-on.

Ukongeza, iifayile Excel kungakwenza zithunyelwa kwezinye iifomati (umzekelo, PDF), khuphela idata kubo, njalo njalo. D. Kodwa lenkqubo ayikwazi ukuvula iifayile ezenziweyo kwezinye izicelo (iifomati itekisi, iinkcukacha, amaphepha eWeb, XML- amaxwebhu, njalo-njalo. d.).

Njengoko ubona, amathuba umhleli phantse mda. Kwaye, kakade, ukuchaza kuzo zonke nje xesha laneleyo. Nazi izisekelo nje ukuqala, kodwa umsebenzisi anomdla kufuneka afunde iinkcukacha imvelaphi, ukuba bagqwese inkqubo kwelona nqanaba liphezulu.