Ukuqulunqwa kwengxelo yefayile kwiqela eliphezulu: injongo, iimpawu kunye neziphakamiso

Akukho mfihlo yokuba uphuhliso olumanyanisekileyo lomntwana ngoncedo lokusebenzisana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa, ngokuzakhela indalo yengane yasenkulisa kunye noncedo olunezandla zomntu omdala-lufezekayo. Kule nkalo, ubuchule bezakhono kunye needatiyati zeenganekwane njengenye yeentlobo zazo ziya kuba zifuna ngakumbi. Emva kwayo yonke into, ukulandelelana kweenganekwane kwi-kindergarten (kwiqela elidala ngokukhethekileyo) lidibanisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi womntu - umdaniso, ingoma, umculo, i-oratorical, imifanekiso, kunye nokulungiselela ukubonisa ukusebenza kwezemidlalo kubonisa ukuqonda iindlela ezicacileyo zolu hlobo.

Ukuqulunqwa kwedrama njengengeniso kwi-aesthetics

Imfundo ye-Aesthetic ibonisa impembelelo ebuntwini bomntwana ngenjongo yokwakha nokuphuhlisa ubuchule beengqondo kunye nemvelo (empathic), ingcamango, ukucinga, kunye nesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kwilizwe elijikelezile, umsebenzi wabantu abadala, ubudlelwane boluntu kuluntu, ukuphumelela kwezizukulwana zangaphambili. Indlela ephezulu yokuqonda impembelelo yobuchule kudlala umdlalo wefayile kwiqela elidala, ekubeni kwiidrafti zomsebenzi akukho zenzo ezinqunyiwe zabalinganiswa. Isicatshulwa sengxelo singachazela uhlobo lomlingiswa, kodwa lusetyenziswa ngentshukumo yokuziphatha, impawu, ubuso obuso, ukuthetha. Izingane zasesekondleni zikhululekile ukukhetha iindlela ezicacileyo ngokusekelwe kumava obomi babo, iqela lentlalo okanye ukuxelisa ukuziphatha kwabadala. Iimbono zemfundo zedramati yeenganekwane ziphakamileyo ngenxa yokuba ulwahlulo oluthile lwezinto ezibhalwe ngolo hlobo aluphelelanga. Inokuthi i-dramatization ye-story story ithi yindawo ehamba phambili yomsebenzi olungiselelwe ukuxazulula iingxaki zoqhelaniso lobugcisa.

Ukuqulunqwa kwemiboniso ye-aesthetics, iingcamango kunye neengcamango zabantwana beminyaka yobudala bezemfundo

Isiseko sokuvela kombono we-aesthetic yimifanekiso yezinto ezibonakalayo: umbala wabo, uhlobo lwendlela, isandi, iimpawu ezicacileyo. Kule nkalo, isiseko esiphezulu seemvakalelo zengqondo-imvakalelo, imifanekiso, efunyanwa ngumfundi esikolweni, iyadingeka. Ekubeni umntwana weqela elidala ubona ubuhle njengendlela yokudibanisa "umxholo-fom", ngoko kucinga ukuba kuthethwa ngumbono wobuchopho obunemiqondo engqondweni, isimo sengqondo esifanele. Ngokusekelwe kulo, kunokucingwa ukuba ukwakheka kwendlela yokwenza ubuchule be-aesthetic kubantwana beqela elidala kuchatshazelwa yendalo kunye nemisebenzi edibeneyo nabantu abadala. Oku kungenxa yokuba umgaqo wokufundisa olinganayo usenamandla kakhulu kwiminyaka yokufunda, ungabonwa ngokucacileyo kwimidlalo nasekudibanisaneni noontanga.

Ukusebenza ngokuhambelanayo nokubunjwa kweembono ze-esthétique, umkhuba omdala umntwana ukuba azive ekhethekileyo yehlabathi, ukunyanga ngokucophelela. Ukuchongwa kwenkcazelo yamagama kwiqela eliphezulu kuya kubakhokela phambili abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba baqonde isakhiwo sehlabathi. Ngokomzekelo, iintyatyambo ezikhulayo kwi-flowerbed zenzelwe ukuvuyisa wonke umntu owamkelayo, kwaye ngoko ke, ukugcina ubuhle, akufanelekile ukuzikhupha. Ngaloo ndlela, i-taste of aesthetic yenziwa kumzekelo wobomi bemihla ngemihla kunye nokufunda, ukufundela ngeesampuli zobugcisa.

Ingundoqo yokudlala kwabantwana

Abantu abadala bachaphazeleka kakhulu ngumnqweno wabantwana ukuba babe negalelo elichaphazelekayo ebomini obungeenxa zonke, ngakumbi xa amandla omntwana engamvumeli ukuba enze njalo. Kodwa yindalo, iimeko apho i-school schooler ikhona, echaphazela ukhetho lwemidlalo ethile kunye nokuziphatha ngumntwana. Ukudlala kwezingane kubonakala ngokuhlukileyo kwiimidlalo ezidlalwa ngabantu abadala, kubonakalisa imisebenzi, ubudlelwane babantu abadala kunye nemeko apho umntu omncinci. Olu luhlobo lwenkqubo yokusebenza kwaye "uzame wena" kwiimeko ezithile, izenzo, iimpendulo zomzwelo. Yingakho kunqabile ukuba umdlalo awunikelwa ngeempendulo, ukuchazwa kunye nokuvavanywa kwengqondo kwezinto ezenzekayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ungumntwana okanye umntu, uncokola ngokukodwa kunye namathoyizi, abadlali abanomdla kulo mdlalo (ngelixa bevakalisa iziganeko zakhe kunye neempendulo zomntu ocingayo). I-Symbiosis "umfanekiso - isenzo - igama" lizisa ngokukhawuleza isikolo sokufunda esikolweni ukuba kuqaliswe uhlobo olulandelayo lomdlalo - umdlalo wefriji kwiqela elidala.

Okuthiwa "ukudlala kwimidlalo" kuyabonakalisa umdla kwaye kuhlukeneyo kwimeko yezinga eliphezulu lokuphuhliswa komntwana kwaye luhlobo oluthile lufikelelekayo lobunokuthi uhlakulele ukucinga, ukucinga, ukuzimela, umsebenzi kunye novelwano.

Umdlalo - umdlalo

Zonke iintlobo zemiidlalo yokudlala indima zingabelana ngokwahlukileyo ngamaqela amaninzi, ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo yomsebenzi: owokuqala - umntwana "utyhila" umlingiswa, usebenze ngamathoyizi, idoli, okwesibini - ufundela esikolweni, uvela kumntu wokuqala, uphinde abuyele emfanekisweni womfanekiso. Ngoko ke, inqanaba lobunzima bomsebenzi wokuqala (ukuqondisa umdlalo) kulula kwaye wakhiwa kwangaphambili. Ngelo xesha, uhlobo lwesibini lomdlalo (ukulinganisa) lunokubanzi kwamathuba.

Xa ibali lefriythi lilandiswa kwiklasi elidala, umntwana uyaziqhelanisa nombono onjengokuphindukuzalwa kwisithombe somntu. Ekubeni umxholo, ubukho bebalinganiswa abathile kunye nezenzo zabo zifakwe kwisicwangciso sefayile okanye umsebenzi wokubhala, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuyivelisa ngokulandelana ngqo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umdlalo weenkwenkwezi kwi-kindergarten (kwiqela elidala) likhuthaza ukuqonda okungcono kwemisebenzi, ikuvumela ukuba uqonde ngokukhawuleza ingqiqo kwaye uqonde ulwalamano lweziganeko kunye ne-causation. Ngokwandisa ukonakala, sinokuhlukanisa le iindidi zeemidlalo - imidlalo yokudlala:

• Umdlalo - ukulinganisa - luhlobo lovavanyo lokuqala lokuzama "kwiingubo zomnye umntu," njengomthetho, abalinganiswa abadumileyo, izilwanyana okanye abantu, kodwa ixesha elifutshane;
• Ingxoxo yencoko okanye iingxoxo-imizuzu, amahlaya-amashishini - le ndlela yomsebenzi ihluke ngokubambisana komlingani kunye nabanye abalinganiswa beengxoxo, nto leyo iyanzima kakhulu umsebenzi wokuqala abaculi;
• Umsebenzi wesigxina okanye umdlalo ngumsebenzi obunzima kakhulu owenzela abantwana abasesikolweni ngenxa yobude bawo ngexesha (kubalulekile kungekuphela nje amandla okusebenza komntwana, kodwa kunye nokwenza amandla, ukukwazi ukuwufikelela kwisigqibo esifanelekileyo);
• Imveliso yentsebenzo - ukusuka kwimbono yangaphambili ikwahlula ngolu hlobo lomsebenzi;
• Ukuphucula ukuphuculwa kunye nomdlalo webali ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwangaphambili mhlawumbi luhlobo olunzima kakhulu lomsebenzi.

Nangona kunjalo, ungakulibali ukuba ukuphuculwa okulungileyo kukulungiswe kakuhle. Umntu omdala makacacise kwaye acacise ngokusebenza nomntwana iindlela kunye nezindlela zokulungiselela umsebenzi ongeyiphucula.

Imiqathango yokwenza imisebenzi yezemidlalo yempumelelo yabantwana beqela eliphezulu

Ekubeni kwimiba iboniswe ngezantsi, inzala yabafundi bangaphambili kwimisebenzi yecandelo lezemidlalo (ngokukodwa, iidayimati zeengcamango zabantwana beqela elidala) ziya kwandisa kuphela:

• Ulwazi lomxholo kunye nombhalo womsebenzi;
• Ukugcina umdla kumbakala ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuboniswa;
• Ubuninzi beengubo (ekungabikho kwazo, izinto ezizimele, umzekelo, umsila, iindlebe, i-scallop, njl);
• Amathoyizi-iimpawu zabalinganiswa.

Ukuze uqale imisebenzi yakho yemidlalo, umntwana kufuneka aqokelele imifanekiso ekubukeni imidyuli eyenziwe ngabantu abadala. Imisebenzi kufuneka ibe yinto ehlukeneyo ngokwemigca yesalathiso kunye nokusebenza (ipopethi, umunwe, isithunzi, njl.), Kwaye ifikeleleke kwingcamango yabantwana. Oku kuvumela ukuba abantwana basenkulumeni bafunde ngokuthe ngcembe imithetho yempilo yabalinganiswa besigaba, ukuba babe neendlela ezintle ebomini xa bedlala indima elula. Kancinci, ngokukhokelwa kunye nenkxaso yomntu omdala, umntwana ufunda ukuzityhila ngomsebenzi wezemidlalo - umdlalo wefriythi.

Ezinye iindlela ezizodwa zokusebenza nabasesikolweni

Iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu yile midlalo apho abantwana banokuzimela ngokuzimela ngokubonisa umsebenzi wabo wokufunda obonwayo nokuva kwihlabathi elijikelezile. Ngokumalunga nalokhu, umdlalo wefriji kwiqela elidala lizisa izinto ezibonakalayo ebomini kubomi bemihla ngemihla, inokwenzeka yokuba novelwano kunye nobunzima. Kukho iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokwazisa umntwana kummandla wobungcali bendalo:

• Ukumodareka imeko - iimeko eziqhelekileyo (iimeko, iifundo) zisetyenziswe apha, apho abafundi bezemfundo bazifundela iindlela ezisisiseko kunye nobuchule bomsebenzi omtsha kubo;
• Incoko yobuchule - inceda abantwana ukuba baqhelane nencoko yabalinganiswa;
• Amashishini - nayiphi na imidlalo kunye nemisebenzi eneli gama lenzelwe ukuhlakulela ingcamango kunye nokucinga, apho kunokwenzeka ukudala imifanekiso emitsha.

Ukuba ukhumbule ilizwi elithi le midlalo iqala ngehanger, ke indawo yangaphandle ye-dramatization yefriythi kufuneka ihlale isinikwa ingqalelo kwaye iququzelele ngexesha elifanelekileyo umsebenzi wokulungiselela izambatho, imihlobiso, ukuyila komculo, njl. Kunceda ukubandakanya abafundi bezemfundo ngokubanzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi yokulungiselela. Lezo zinto abantwana abakwazi ukuzenzayo zenziwa ngabantu abadala.

Amanyathelo okulungiswa kwedramati yeenganekwane kwiqela eliphezulu

Ukusebenza kwidramati yefriythi ibandakanya izigaba ezibini eziphambili, ngasinye ngasinye sibe nesahlulo sibe sincinci.

• Isigaba sokuqala siquka ukuqhelana nefriythi, abalinganiswa besiteji (zeziphi iimpawu, imikhwa, imikhwa, iimpahla, iimpawu kunye nokuba konke oku kubonakaliswa kwiimpendulo), ukusasazwa kweendima.
• Isigaba sesibini sisebenza kwendima, ukuzisa zonke iinqununu zentsebenzo kwizinga eliphezulu lokulungela kunye nokusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwinqanaba.

Musa ukuyihoxisa imisebenzi echanekileyo kwimpilo yanamhlanje ("ngendlela entsha"), ayenayo abantwana abangayithandi ngaphantsi komdlalo wefayile kwiqela elidala. Iingxelo zobabini zihlanganiswa ngokuqwalasela iimpawu zengqondo zabantwana besikolo. Inxaxheba ebalulekileyo, ukuba ingabalulekanga iyadlala ngumntu omdala malunga nokulungiswa nokuziphatha komdlalo. Umsebenzi wutitshala unokuchazwa ngakumbi ngokuhambelana nokulawula. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba iitalente ezincinci zikwazi ukukholelwa ngamandla abo kwaye ziphucule isikhundla sangaphakathi "Ndingakwazi."

Ukuhambelanisa umdlalo kubantu abadala

Injongo yomdlalo weenganekwane kwiqela eliphezulu le-kindergarten kukudalwa kweemeko zokwakha nokuphuhliswa kwemvakalelo ye-aesthetic, ukucinga, ukufunda, imemori yabantwana basenkululweni ngokubandakanyeka kwabo kwisakhiwo sobugcisa.

Ukuhambelana nemisebenzi emininzi yomntwana incitshiswa kwimisebenzi emininzi:

• Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokudlala ukuchaphazela ukubunjwa kwemisebenzi yengqondo ephezulu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuphumeleleni kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi;
• Uncedo ekuphuhliseni ukulawulwa komgaqo-nkqubo (ukulwa nokukhutshwa komonakalo okanye ukunyanzeliswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza);
• Sebenza ngokuzonwabisa;
• Ukufunda ngokuthe ngqo kwendima (kuquka uhlalutyo lomsebenzi, iimpawu zabalinganiswa, ukhetho lweendlela ezicacileyo, njl.).

Ubunzima besigaba sokusebenza komntwana kukugcina umfanekiso wesimo kunye nokutshintshwa kwemvelo komthwalo we-semantic. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuphuhliswa ngokwaneleyo ukuzithiba nokuqeqeshwa komntwana kuya kumnceda ukuba athathe indima yakhe indima.

Ukuqulunqwa kweengoma zamantombazana ngabantwana bexesha elidala lokufunda

Bonke abantwana baqala ukwazi ihlabathi ukusuka kwiindalana, kwaye kungekhona ngengozi. Iingxelo zefeythi ziyabonwa njengabafundisi abafanelekileyo kakhulu kubo bonke amazwe. Ngosizo lwabo, abantwana bafunda iinyaniso zokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, umdlalo wefriythi "uZayushkina izba" kwiqela eliphezulu lifundisa abafundi ukuba babe nokugqiba ukuba ububi buhlala bubuyela ebubini. Le nxalenye yeenganekwane ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise izixazululo ezininzi zemfundo, ubuchule, ukuziphatha nokuziphatha. Ngoko ke, umdlalo wefriythi u-Teremok kwiqela elidala uya kunceda abantwana baqonde indlela yokuziphatha kuluntu kwaye zeziphi iindlela zokuziphatha ezikhokelela ekufeni imeko.

Endaweni yokugqiba

Ukuba sihlalutya zonke iingxaki kunye nokuxhamla kwidramati yeenganekwane zezingane, ngoko umfanekiso ubonakala kanje:

• Ngokungahoywa ngokupheleleyo kwintsebenzo yezemidlalo, kunokwenzeka ukwakha umntwana weentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungahoywa, ezifana nokuziphatha ngokuziphatha, ukufundiswa kwengqondo, njalonjalo.
• Ngomsebenzi ochanekileyo kwiidrama zeenganekwane, unokufumana umntwana ophuculweyo, ophendulayo, ochaphazelekayo kunye nosebenzayo.

Ngoko ungawunaki umsebenzi onobuchule kunye nabantwana.