Ukupheliswa pension umhlala zokusebenza: Iinkcukacha

Ukupheliswa ye pension - koko ngokufuthi kuxoxwa eRashiya. Le ntlekele ngamanye amaxesha yenza ukuya ukuziphatha okuyingozi. Eyona ngxaki inkulu kukunqongophala kwemali yobuncwane. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ucinge ukuba wonge imali encinane ukuba urhulumente kufuneka ukuphazamiseka encinci eluntwini. ERashiya, hayi okwesihlandlo sokuqala kuxoxwa hlengiso yomhlalaphantsi. Yintoni bathi urhulumente kulo mba?

Ngaba Ngokwenene?

Into yokuqala kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo - le ndlela leyinene ngeengxoxo. Umntu uthi ukupheliswa pension kubantu abasebenza ngoku, ingqinwe ilulwimi kunye intsomi. Ezinye zikholelwa ukuba iintlawulo ipenshini ukuze ayeke.

Njengoko izinto ngalo mzuzu? Ngaba kukho ummiselo esayiniweyo? Ukupheliswa ye pension - linyathelo kakhulu kunene. Ngoko ke, kukho imibuzo emininzi ngalo mbandela. Okwangoku Okwangoku akukho ummiselo osemthethweni lokubhangisa ngokupheleleyo iinzuzo zomhlalaphantsi ayikho. Kodwa ke intsomi ngxoxo kufuneka aziyi kuqwalaselwa. Emva kokuba izilungiso kwinkqubo ye pension Eneneni ixakeke kakhulu ngazo.

Ngaphandle inshorensi yingxenye

Ukupheliswa pension ze umhlala ukusebenza - le nto leyo nebangela uloyiko kunye nenkxalabo. Ngapha koko, ukwaluphala Ngumzuzu basemngciphekweni kakhulu kubomi wonke umntu. Ngoko ke, abaninzi nkqu yobudala yomhlala ziyasebenza. Umntu unako ukusindisa imali, kwaye abanye basebenza nje ukuzondla. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ashiye abantu ngaphandle xa sele emdala?

akufuneki bazikhathaza kakhulu. Ngapha koko, ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo inkxaso abantu yobudala yomhlala akukho namnye kukushiya. In Russia kukho iindlela ezininzi ukuze ingxoxo. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi bathi ukupheliswa ye pension iya kusebenza kuphela iintlawulo inshorensi. Abantu bonke abaphesheya yobudala yomhlala nangoku ukusebenza, Ungayeka ukuhlawula inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi. Le ndlela iya kunceda ekwandiseni ixesha elininzi mali ukuxhasa mali karhulumente kulo.

ngokuchasene nemithetho

Sekunjalo, lo ummiselo phezu ukupheliswa umhlala - oku akukabikho umthetho lokwenene. Nje ngazo. Nangona le ntlekele, nokuphelisa ubuncinane omnye uhlobo lwentlawulo pension kungakhokelela ekubeni nengqumbo enkulu yabantu kwaye nkqu irallie nemvukelo. Ngapha koko, abemi idlulisele imali kwi Pension Fund ngokukodwa kuse ebudaleni apho ukuze ufumane imali ngenxa umxholo yabo.

Ukuvalwa Iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi - kukwayinto entle kukwaphula ngqo soMgaqo-siseko. Into yokuba urhulumente uzibophelele kwingongoma ethile ukuxhasa abantu abasemngciphekweni shiyana. Kwaye oko kulungile, akukho namnye unako ukuthatha kude. Ngoko ke, akukho nkxaso umhlala akayi kubashiya.

Nangona kunjalo, i-inshorensi pension ungakwazi ecocekileyo ngokwenene. Kodwa ke intlawulo abakhubazekileyo, kwakunye njengabemi aseleyo ngaphandle umondli, shiya. Asimele silibale ye pension lwentlalo. Kananjalo akukho mntu unelungelo ukuthabatha, oku kungumsebenzi karhulumente.

ngaphandle indexation

Kubonakala ukuba awukwazi ukumoyika ukwazisana 2016 endaweni yalo mthetho, njengoko ukupheliswa ye pension. NgoFebruwari 1 kwalo nyaka, nje inkamnkam ezininzi azinalo indexed. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umthetho onjalo esayiniweyo eRashiya. Oku kuza kunceda ukuba wonge imali eninzi. Kwaye konke oku iintlawulo umhlala-akuyi kuyeka.

NgoFebruwari 1, 2016 indexation-inshorensi imihlala imisiwe. Kodwa ke ezinye iintlawulo (umzekelo, kwezentlalo) ukuthanda index nge-4%. Ngako oko, kodwa ezinye iindidi abemi baseza kufumana ukwanda iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi.

Noko ke, indexation akuthethi rhoxisa inkxaso inshorensi yabemi. Ke kaloku, omnye umongameli kwi ukupheliswa yepenshoni akuthathi ndawo. Okwangoku liphuhlise inkqubo eRashiya, nto leyo iza kunceda ukusombulula lo mbuzo ngaphandle umonakalo kakhulu kwaye ukunganeliseki phakathi kwabantu.

Hayi ukuba wonke

Eli lizwe ebexakekile wabalahla kuphuculo pension. Kunye nokupheliswa pension umhlala ukusebenza - yenye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo. Kwelinye icala, abantu kufuneka zigcinwe ebudaleni. Kwaye ngoko ke kufuneka ahlawule ipension. Kwelinye - umhlala ukusebenza ebonisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba imali engaphezulu ehlawulwa ngurhulumente - kodwa hayi inkxaso yabemi. Le imali engaphezulu. Ngapha koko, awukwazi ukuthenga ubomi umhlala ukwenza.

Ummiselo ecetywayo kwi ukupheliswa-inshorensi pension iceba ukunciphisa iintlawulo eziziinkozo. Kodwa kwiimeko ezithile. Ezinye iindidi yabemi uya kuba nako ukufumana inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi.

Kulindeleke ukuba umthetho esicetywayo siya kuthintela iintlawulo inshorensi kuphela kwabo badla umhlala phantsi abafumana ngenyanga nganye ngaphezulu kwe 83 000 engange (okanye ngaphezulu kwesigidi kunyaka ngamnye). Oko kukuthi, ukupheliswa ye pension baya kusasazeka abemi mkhulu kakhulu. Enyanisweni, kwiindawo ezininzi Russia yengeniso 80 000 - singaphezulu avareji.

Ngelo xesha, njengokuba kuthiwe, izibonelelo zentlalo kunye neentlawulo pension ayeke abakhubazekileyo. Yepenshini yexhoba, nathi. Le ndlela akuyi kuyeka ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kuphela ukuba ukunciphisa iintlawulo.

imiphumela emibi

Ummiselo phezu ukupheliswa umhlala kwiindidi ezithile abemi - ayikho ulwamkelo elungileyo kakhulu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kule fomu apho kuyo inikwa kurhulumente, akukho alungele ukusetyenziswa. Emva kweli nyathelo, nangona yokurhoxiswa kwenxenye umhlala-inshorensi iya kukhokelela kwiqela emibi. Yintoni na? A lot of kubo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuqala ukusebenza ngaphandle isihlomelo elungileyo. Kwaye ngoko ukuba zazise kubo.

Zeziphi iingongoma ukumbombozela kunokuba kulandelwe, ukuba yenzeka ukupheliswa imihlala kubantu, emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kuqhubeka ukusebenza? Wokuqala kwaye icace - Nobunqobo umvuzo kwiimvulophu. Inani labemi kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu ukuba ukwamkela 'grey' kunye neentlawulo 'abamnyama'. Kwaye oku kuphela ukuze sihlale kwinqanaba lobomi apho phambi Ukuqaliswa kweenguqu.

Okwesibini, abantu abaninzi baya azivumi kusebenza. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa abo, emva kokuba ukugxothwa a Iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi elungileyo ziza kubekwa yobudala yomhlala-phantsi. Ngoko ke, kubulawe pension kubantu abasebenzayo - Kusekho yayibubutyhakala iRashiya. Iya kukhokelela nempumelelo imivuzo 'emdaka ", kwakunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, xa kwinkalo amayeza okanye imfundo.

Okwesithathu, ezinye umhlala ziya kuya kusebenza kwiinkampani zangaphandle, kodwa baya kuba nelungelo lokufumana intlawulo inshorensi pension eRashiya. Oko kukuthi, abantu basoloko ukufumana indlela yokuphuma kule meko - nokuba zisebenza njani kunye nendlela ukufumana umhlalaphantsi kakuhle yayibafanele. Emva kokuba iintlawulo kwi Pension Fund ka eRashiya nje wenza njalo. Kwaye ufuna ukuyibuyisela xa kufika ixesha.

nakwenzeka yokwazisa

Omnye umba kunokubangela ummiselo phezu ukupheliswa pension umhlala abo basebenza - oko lwabasebenzi noqhankqalazo phakathi kwabantu. ERashiya, iindleko zokuphila kubantu yobudala yomhlala ingaphezulu iinzuzo zentlalo. Kwaye ke ngoko abantu abaninzi kufuneka asebenze ukuxhasa owam olusezantsi oluqhelekileyo wokuphila.

ERashiya, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukucima iintlawulo yomhlalaphantsi ngokwemigaqo kuso idini. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kude inkxaso mandatory alifikeleli inqanaba sokutya kweli lizwe. Kungenjalo abantu ngezantsi nje kweqondo lentlupheko. Yaye oko kuya kubangela igagasi ukunganeliseki. Ingakumbi abo basebenza yezazela nokwenza iintlawulo kwi Pension Fund ka-Russia.

kweemeko ezahlukeneyo

Ummiselo phezu ukupheliswa pension umhlala ukusebenza - ayikho intsomi, kodwa hayi ke kucacile ngalo mzuzu. Njengokuba kuthiwe, kuyimfuneko ukuba basebenze ngaphandle inkqubo kukuba kangangokuba akazange enze umonakalo kakhulu kubemi. Okungenani ukunyusa inkxaso kwezentlalo ukuya kwinqanaba sokutya. Kodwa ingxaki ukwenza oku kuyingxaki kakhulu.

Uyakwazi ukuqwalasela ezahlukahlukeneyo iimeko kunye nokupheliswa wokuqeshwa iintlawulo ezahlukeneyo umhlala-inshorensi ukuya umhlala zokusebenza. Umzekelo, musa ukwenza iintlawulo, ukuba yonke ingeniso efunyenwe umntu osele ekhulile, zingaphezu iindleko ayehlala kule ndawo.

ukubuya ngenxa

Abanye bade bathi ukupheliswa pension umhlala ukusebenza kukufa yokwenene kakhulu kweli lizwe. Kutheni? Xa kuvela ingxaki, kufuneka niwuzalise thile zobuncwane. Kodwa ukuba abemi akayi kuba imali, kwaye izohlwayo musa nabani na!

umhlalaphansi Ukusebenza, njengabo bonke, nokwenza igalelo kwi-Pension Fund. Kunye namaholo khomiwa irhafu. Ngako oko, ebuncwaneni karhulumente, emva koko, kodwa elandayo.

Ukuba umhlala ahlale ngaphandle umhlala-inshorensi; njengokuba kuthiwe, abaninzi abavumi nje engqesho. Kwaye ngoko ngokubanzi akukho mali iyenye yongeziweyo iza ukuphala ukuya zengcebo karhulumente. Nokuba siqwalasela imeko umvuzo "grey ', ukuba imali iza kuncipha. Kubonakala ukuba ukupheliswa ye pension liya kuba nomphumela. Akukho basebenzi - akukho iimali, akukho ntlawulo - akukho wemvula le wokulondoloza imali, nto leyo ekuqaleni wafuna.

isigqibo olungenabulungisa

Yonke le ngxoxo ingentla - oko kwanezincomekayo. Isibakala sokuba ukupheliswa pension eRashiya kubantu abasebenza ngaphaya yobudala yomhlala-phantsi, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ube isenzeko yokwenene kakhulu. Kodwa ngoku bekuya kuba ubulungisa kakhulu. Kutheni? Ukuba ngaba uthathe ingqalelo iingxoxo okhankanywe ngaphambili, simele sinikele ingqalelo kwezinye izinto.

Ngoku yobudala abafazi Russian-phantsi uneminyaka engama-55 amadoda - 60. Emva koko, abantu banelungelo lokufumana i-inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi okanye ekuhlaleni. Konke kuxhomekeke ubude wenkonzo. Iintlawulo inshorensi ezivame kakhulu.

luya kuqhubeka nini ukupheliswa ipension, bekuya kuba linyathelo ubulungisa. Eneneni, eRussia kuxoxwa ngokubonakalayo umba ukwanda umhlala-phantsi kwiminyaka 60 kwabasetyhini kunye 65 - abantu. Kutheni abantu abaninzi bathetha sikweni yaye wenza ntoni-inshorensi yomhlala?

Zonke kuba umlinganiselo wokuphila kweli lizwe. Uninzi umhlalaphansi namhlanje angalahlekelwa yepenshini umgaqo. Oko akuthethi ukuba siphile ngokuvisisana nalo. Kwaye oku ucinga kuphela ukhulisa umhlala-phantsi. Yinto enye into xa umntu isebenza kwaye ufumana imali evela kurhulumente nje inkxaso, omnye - xa kwenza kuphela iminikelo kwi Pension Fund ka-Russia kwaye ayiqalisi ukufikelela umhlala-phantsi. Imali nje "kuwutshisa 'ukuba ngummi enjalo.

Kubonakala ukuba uhlobo sikweni - indoda bonke ubomi bakhe esebenza ngomoya omhle, ukuthobela umsebenzi oluntu kunye karhulumente kwaye athathe uxanduva zomthetho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu ebudaleni ukuya ithile enoba kukancinane okanye.

Ingaba kukho intlawulo?

Yintoni enye kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kuyo? Kucacile ukuba kweli nqanaba, imithetho kunye nezilungiso ukuba iwise ekurhoxisweni pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza akukho ndawo. Ukuba buhlungu kuphela. Kakuhle, ukuba ahlise imvukelo yoluntu. Ngoko ke, lo silungiso kude elinye ixesha.

Kuye wathi indexation-inshorensi ipension akusayi kuba ngo-2016. Kodwa kuthekani umhlala ukusebenza? Umhlala ukufumana inkxaso olufana ne-inshorensi? Akunjalo konke. Ngowe-2016, inkamnkam kubemi lusebenza yobudala yomhlala kuveliswa. Kodwa ngaphandle Indexing.

Kubonakala, ezibiza iimeko kuhlala enye. Xa bonke abemi abangaphangeliyo abaye bafikelela yobudala yomhlala-phantsi, uya kufumana iintlawulo ngokusekelwe-4% of indexation. Kwaye, basebenzisa - ngaphandle izincedisi ezongezelelweyo. Lo Rhulumente ukholelwa ukuba ukupheliswa indexation kufuneka yanele ukuba makasizalise ebuncwaneni karhulumente ngexesha lentlekele.

iziphumo

Ziziphi saphetha ukusuka ngentla? Ayizi kuqhubeka ngo-2016 Ukutshitshiswa ye pension. Nokuba watyikitya umthetho ngayo? No. Endaweni yoko, ukuba nje urhulumente wagqiba ukurhoxisa isalathiso iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi kwabo badla umhlala abasebenza ngexesha accrual kwemali ekuxhaseni urhulumente.

Ngokubanzi, nokuphelisa ye pension umhlala ukusebenza - kuyingcamango ukuba kube yinto ebonakalayo neyinyani eRashiya. Nje phambi kokuba asisebenzise, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqwalasele umphakamo zenkxaso yoluntu, kwakunye ithathele ingqalelo ixesha lokuphila kweli lizwe.

Okwangoku, akukho nto yakoyika. Noko ke, abaninzi bayacetyiswa ukuba aqale ukubeka imali yomhlala-phantsi yabo ngokwabo. Ngapha koko, ngakumbi nangakumbi bathi eRussia ezenza iintlawulo ngokulandelelana ukusuka kurhulumente zaya ziba nzima. Kwaye ukuba uthatha akukho senzo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-lizwe phakathi kwiminyaka embalwa uya kuza balance zero. Pensions ayisoze ihlawule.