Ukraine. indawo Lugansk

Lo mmandla Ukraine, kude kube ngoku, uninzi ngokuva nje abantu beli lizwe kunye nabemi USSR. Namhlanje ummandla Lugansk ekuweveni kwakho konke konke.

Overview

ummandla Lugansk ke kwimimandla esempuma Ukraine. Le ibekwe emathafeni, osusela entilini emlanjeni. Seversky Donets. Emzantsi kuba seDonetsk Ridge, kwaye ngasentla ke loza ye-Central Russian inkangala. Ngenxa iimeko ezilungileyo zemozulu indawo elungileyo, le ndawo ibisoloko kumiwa hi vanhu. Lugansk imida mmandla IDonetsk (South-West) kunye IKharkiv (kumntla) kwimimandla Ukraine. Ukongeza, lithe umda elide ne-Russia. Empumalanga, ngasentla nangasezantsi ngayo ngomda kummandla Voronezh, Belgorod, Rostov laseRashiya.

Iimpawu eziphambili

kummandla Lugansk asuka ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi 250 km. Ukusuka empuma kuye entshona ubude bawo km 190. Kummandla Luhansk -. 26.7 amawaka km, nto leyo 4.4% zamazwe Ukrainian. Isiqabu le ndawo yengenanto i lothuli, unyuka Seversky Donets River emzantsi entla.

History of imfundo

Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi kulo mmandla, ekuthiwa Wild Field, wahlukana eRashiya ukusuka iCrimea Khanate. Ekhulwini XVI. apha baqale ukwenza inkonzo yabalindi. Ngeli xesha, kukho inani elikhulu-mkhosi bokumkani kuvela kule ndawo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII. Apha, ummandla omtsha imbali - Sloboda. Ukuze yokuhlanganisa zibe kwimimandla amalahle enye kwiphondo IDonetsk ikomkhulu yayo kwisixeko Lugansk oko yasekwa ngowe-1919, nto leyo iye kuma-1925. C 1925 ukuya 1930 apho kwisithili Lugansk. NgoJuni 1925 iphondo Ukraine ziye zapheliswa, kwaye okwilizwe wegqitha phantsi kweliso ngqo Ukrainian SSR.

igama langoku ummandla layo Lugansk zazifumanayo ngo-1958. Ngaphambi koko, ekubeni ukwahlukana Stalin ndawo ngo-1938, kwathiwa Voroshilovgrad. Noko ke, babuyele igama lokuqala ukususela ngowe-1970 ukuya 1990 Ngoko kwagqitywa ukuba kunyulwe kwakhona yokugqibela ukhetho. Emva kokuba Ukuwa kweUSSR, ummandla Lugansk wahlala yinxalenye ezimeleyo Ukraine.

minerals

Le mimandla zaziwa khona imali yabo amalahle ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ihamba kwiibhiliyoni eetoni. A sesithathu sazo - coke, yaye-esithathwini - anthracite. Found apha kunye needipozithi igesi yendalo. Kwiindawo ezininzi kummandla Lugansk wafumana isandstone, lekalika, Marl, itshokhwe, clays ezahlukeneyo. E Lugansk, Lisichansk, Severodonetsk, Starobelsk wafumanisa imithombo kwizimbiwa.

iimeko zemozulu

Ngomhla kummandla kummandla Luhansk kukho kwimozulu epholileyo yezwekazi. NgoJanuwari, umlinganiselo wobushushu -15 ° C, yaye ngoJulayi +35 ° C. Kule ndawo, ebandayo yasebusika kakhulu. isici sayo lisahlulayo mimoya elibukhali kumzantsi-mpuma kunye mpuma kunye kuneqabaka kakhulu. Ihlobo zibukele neyomileyo. Ekwindla, e Luhansk shushu, eyomileyo libalele. Kwezulu imalunga 500 mm ngonyaka.

Zemihlaba kunye nohlaza

umhlaba ochumileyo - ikhoyo isoloko oko odumileyo for Ukraine. kummandla Lugansk, kulo mzekelo - akukho ngaphandle. It esilawulwa umhlaba omnyama. Power owabumba otyebileyo kwezinye iindawo 1-1.5 m ubukhulu. Kukho kwakhona imihlaba isoyi eqhelekileyo. Uninzi kummandla Luhansk - emathafeni. Amahlathi akonelanga - kwenziwa malunga 7% yommandla.

umnotho

Isikhundla kakuhle geographical lo mmandla negalelo kuphuhliso loqoqosho. Le ndawo sele kudala kuphuhliswa amazwe. eziluncedo zayo:

• kufuphi izinto ekrwada kwimimandla etyebileyo ezifana North Caucasus, i Dnieper, i-Black Earth Russia;
• uthungelwano ephuhliswe kakuhle kweendlela kunye noololiwe;
• proximity kumaziko amakhulu orhwebo kunye nemimandla (eKharkov, Centre for eRashiya, Rostov-on-Don).

Ummandla odumileyo Lugansk? 2014 ndomzisela intshabalalo kuwo onke amacandelo ezoqoqosho yalo mmandla. Kutshanje, uye wanda imigodi kunye noshishino ngamachiza, ubunjineli enzima, yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, ezolimo. Le ndawo iphakathi ezintlanu imimandla ahambele phambili ezoshishino noqoqosho Ukraine. Kuye yayigxile kwi-5% zabasebenzi kunye nama-4.6% yee-asethi yelizwe engundoqo. Industry yaba icandelo phambili kwezoqoqosho. isabelo wayo kwimveliso kwesambuku yaba iikota ezintathu.

Kwisakhiwo woshishino ummandla Lugansk

I-multi-complex lommandla Lugansk kwishishini processing phambili. Imveliso lilonke inani yalo malunga 72%. It imelwe imveliso iinkampani wokucokisa coke, ubunjineli ngoomatshini, petrochemical kunye namashishini imichiza. Kummandla iifektri ukusebenzela imveliso Intlama nePhepha, ukutya, izinto zokwakha. iimveliso Luhansk zingafunyanwa kuphela kwi Ukraine kodwa kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo. Liqabane yorhwebo iphambili mmandla yaba Russian Federation.

indawo Industrial

Le ngingqi a mveliso ezimbalwa enzima. Kukho nayo yaphuhliswa kwaye amafutha kunye namandla ecandelo, inkoliso yabo esahleliyo iinkampani zemigodi. Ngumthamo opheleleyo kwimveliso, baya akhawunti kuba malunga ne-18%. Noshishino lokomba ibandakanya ikakhulu lwamashishini amalahle. ummandla Lugansk kwi entsonkothileyo industrial kweli lizwe limi ngaphandle amandla ayo yamalahle isikali oyile lokulungisa ephambili, ukuveliswa izixhobo ngomatshini, iglasi window, nentlaka zokwenziwa, iiplastiki, soda uthuthu, ibhodi isingxobo.

Kulo mmandla, walibumba 3 site enkulu industrial:

• Lugansk - obungcali yayo ngamashishini yokwakha ngomatshini, zenkcenkce, ishishini ukukhanya.
• Lisichansk, Rubezhnoye-Severodonetsk - petrochemical nemichiza mveliso.
• Alchevsk-Stakhanov - intsimbi, amalahle umatshini-ukwakha izakhiwo.

Xa simo 100 namashishini ezinkulu Ukraine zezi:

• OJSC "Alchevsk Iron kunye Steel Works."
• PP "Rovenkianthracite".
• "Luganskoblenergo" SJSEC.
• Zhydachiv ido- kunye lokusila iphepha.
• SE "nitrogen Severodonetsky".
• Stakhanov Ferroalloy Plant.
• JSC "Linos".
• JSC "Lisichansk Soda".

ezolimo

Village kummandla Lugansk na ngumqolo kwezolimo yommandla. Abavelisi specialising ekuvelisweni oilseed (zikajongilanga) kunye nokutya okuziinkozo (ingqolowa yasebusika, umbona) izityalo. uphuhliso kakhulu izilwanyana kunye horticulture. Le lali hlakulela yobisi kunye yenkomo iinkomo, iihagu, iigusha. Kushishino leenkuku yenziwe kakuhle. Yonke imveliso yezolimo buzinze kwiiyunithi yolawulo-19. Zahlula-hlulwe kwiindawo ezintathu imveliso (ngokuxhomekeke umhlaba kunye neemeko zemozulu kunye noqoqosho): ubukumkani basemzantsi, esemantla ipoma. Xa nokulahlwa abavelisi bezolimo million 2.2 hectares zomhlaba, apho izigidi 1.3 hectares na indawo bahlwayelweyo. Isicelo kobugcisa yezolimo mihla kunceda ukuqokelela izivuno eziphezulu kakhulu kwezityalo ezahlukeneyo, imifuno kunye nevatala.

Inabantu ummandla Luhansk

Zommandla Luhansk ebonakala kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwabantu ezidolophini. Kulo mmandla, malunga 86,5% yabantu uhlala ezixekweni. Ukuxinana ngabantu 96 1 macala onke. km. Eli nani - lwesixhenxe phakathi yonke imizi Ukraine. Ngaphezu kwama-53% yabemi - abafazi. Malunga nama-60% abantu abahlala kummandla baziintanga yokusebenza. A amawaka akhawunti eyomeleleyo abantwana 706 umhlala. Iqondo ukuzalwa kule ngingqi 6.1 PPM. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kummandla Luhansk isiqhelo depopulation. Ukuhla yendalo kwimimandla zolawulo waba ukungalingani.

Ngo-2013, inani yommandla Lugansk kwezigidi 2.3 zabantu. Lo mmandla lelona elikhulu 6 abantu Ukraine. Phakathi kuka 01.01.2014 kude 1.09. 2014 labemi lehle nge 6.6 amawaka. Man.

kuqamba National

Xa ummandla Lugansk likhaya beentlanga 104 (amaqela eentlanga). Isabelo Ukraine nje kwama-50% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke. Russian - malunga ne-40%. Abaninzi kubo bahlala kwiindawo kufuphi Lugansk. Phakathi kwezinye amalungu zingahlukaniswa Belarusians (1%) kunye Tatar (ngaphantsi kwe-1%).

inkolo

Ukraine (ummandla Luhansk ingakumbi) luphawulwa ubukho amahlelo amaninzi. Ngomhla ummandla ummandla ngoku, kukho iindawo 45 unqulo. Bona zimelwe imibutho yenkolo 791 (uluntu 764, ii-ofisi ezili-10 zemimandla kunye imibutho, amaziko emfundo 5, 6 lamaphulo zokomoya, yoonongendi 6). kukho 188 izikolo ngeCawa kule ndawo. Ngomhla kummandla Luhansk imicimbi abefundisi becawa abandakanyeke 1107.

Phakathi inani elipheleleyo koluntu kule ndawo:

• 58,2% - Orthodox (444 kuluntu);
• 24.2% - amaProtestanti (185);
• 14% - unqulo non-yakwaNtu kunye nentshukumo yakutsha (107);
• 1.7% - amaYuda (13);
• 1.3% - Muslims (10);
• 0.5% - grekokatoliki (4 ukufika);
• 0.1% - Katolika Roman (1 ekuhlaleni).

division zokuphatha

Izithili yendawo Lugansk: Emnye, Starobelsk, Slavyanoserbsky, Stanichno-Lugansk, Sverdlovsk, Svatovsky, Perevalskiy, Popasnjansky, Novopskovsky, Melovsky, Novoaydarsky, Markowski, Kreminna, Lutuginsky, Krasnodon, Belovodskiy, Antratsit, Belokurakinsky. Kuyo, kukho 933 zokuhlala, apho:

• 37 - imizi (14 - 23 nawommandla - ixabiso lommandla);
• 109 - zasezidolophini;
• 787 - inemizana.

Kwingingqi kukho 17 zesithili kunye namabhunga isixeko 37, 84 idolophu kunye namabhunga kwilali 206.

amaziko industrial

Ngaphandle Lugansk, nto leyo iziko mveliso enkulu eMpuma Ukraine zibalulekile kunye nezinye iindawo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kummandla wakhe. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, Sverdlovsk. ummandla Lugansk luphawulwa yi kukuba, nkqu kwiidolophu ezincinane kakhulu iinkampani ezahlukeneyo. Apha ngayo: yamalahle-phambili complex "Sverdlovantratsit" GOAO "Mayak", inkampani waseKhanada East Coal Company, le joint venture "Intersplav", OAO "Sverdlovsk umatshini-yokwakha mveliso" mboni kwezixhobo imigodi. Sverdlovsk (Luganska) uye owayamileyo yayo: g Chernopartizansk 6 zokuhlala ezidolophini (Volodarskogo Pavlivka, Kalinisky, Leninsky, Miners, Fedorivka) zokuhlala 3 (Kiselevo Cool, Ustinovka), 7 wahlala (Kuryachii, Malomedvezhe, Utkino , Matveyevka, Rytikovo, Antrakop, idiphu) kunye nefama Ivaschensky.

Isixeko ummandla Luhansk

Ngaphambili wakhankanya inqanaba eliphezulu ezidolophini kule ngingqi. Abantu abaninzi abahlala izixeko needolophu ezinkulu. Uninzi lwabo amashishini amakhulu orhwebo. . Isixeko lommandla Luhansk, inani yabemi apho idlula 18 amawaka abantu: Lugansk (424.1 amawaka abantu ..), Alchevsk (110.5), Severodonetsk (108.9), Lisichansk (103.5), Krasny Luch ( 82.2), Stakhaniv (77.2), Sverdlovsk (64.9) Rubejnoe (60.0) Anthracite (54.2), Rovenki (47.4), Bryanka (46.8), Krasnodon (44 , 0) Pervomais'k (38.2), kirovsk (28.2) Perevalsk (25.7) Molodogvardejsk (23.1) Popasnaya (21.8) Sukhodolsk (20.9), lenyengane (20, 1).

Isimo ulwimi

Inani labantu ummandla Luhansk uthetha becala ngeelwimi ezimbini. Ngowe-2001, ama-30% yabantu ingqalelo Ukrainian njengolwimi lwabo lweenkobe. Noko ke, le pesenti iyahluka kakhulu, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo zokuhlala. Ngenxa yoko, 25,5% kuphela yabemi ingqalelo Ukrainian ulwimi lwabo lweenkobe. Emizaneni, eli nani 63.8%. Kuphela 40% yommandla kwezikolo befundisa ngolwimi Ukrainian. Kodwa kwezinye izixeko, akukho jikelele amaziko emfundo Ukrainian. Uninzi iindawo russified: Perevalskiy (77%), Stanichno-Luganskiy (68%) kunye Lutuginsky (73%).