Ukonakala umntu intloko okanye intloko ukwenzakala

Eyona rhoqo unobangela ukukhubazeka okanye ukufa (kwama-1%) ngabona ukonzakala entloko, nto leyo imele i-25% yenani lilonke iingozi. amadoda amaninzi impembelelo traumatic zakohlwaywa (ngaphezu kwe-70% amaxhoba) ongaphantsi kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Ngenxa yoko, ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni traumatic (TBI) imele i ezimashakeleyo ukakayi bomntu, ingqondo yakhe, meninges, luvo kunye imithambo yegazi.

Xa amayeza, ukwahlula phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini yokwenzakala kwengqondo:

1. Locked. Luphawulwa kukungabikho izitshanguba zobuchopho, kwakunye iqokobhe layo, njengoko kungekho umonakalo kwi-inshorensi ukakayi, ngoko ke inkqubo usulelo akunakwenzeka.

2. Vula. TBI Oku kubandakanya umonakalo wobuchopho meninges yobuchopho ngenxa kwintshabalalo cover cranium. Oku kuphakamisa ugrogriso elalana losulelo ezinokubangela uphuhliso meningitis, ithumba ubuchopho okanye kobuchopho. Ngenxa yoko, ukuphatheka evulekileyo craniocerebral abanokuthunyelwa kwimeko elalana ibe iqokobhe eqinileyo ukuyigubungela umongo wethambo ukakayi.

Ngoko ke, olu hlobo yokwenzakala ziquka:

1. mala, contusion okanye ucinezelo ebuchotsheni. Oku kwenzeka xa kukho hematoma esivalekileyo leyo wasekwa ngenxa ekudambiseni amandla lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, kwaye lukhatshwa ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni. Ngelo xesha kukho buhlu- entloko, nto leyo icinyiwe, silale, isikhumba kaninzi iba libunile. Ngexesha yokwenzakala umntu unokuphulukana abazi lutho.

2. Ukwaphulwa kwe kwisiseko ukakayi okanye eluphahleni. zokulimala aya kuvalelwa, evulekileyo, ezendeleyo, non-wajula. Yohambo intamo nga compress ingqondo konakalise neempahla zayo. Xa kwamathambo isiseko ukakayi kukho ingozi yomonakalo ubuchopho, iinwebu zayo kunye luvo. Kulo mzekelo usulelo kusichukumisa angene ingqondo nge-orali, ukuthetha kwam ngeempumlo okanye kwisisu auricular. Ngenxa yokwenzakala enjalo umntu uba intlungu ngokwaphulwa, kusenokubakho iimpawu mala, ngokufuthi iyalahleka, izinga kakuhle intliziyo nokuphefumla, impumlo okanye neendlebe Intili igazi, kwezinye iimeko, kunye ulwelo fluid.

Ngaphezu kwama-80% abantu abane njengokonzakala kakhulu, yaba lukakayi, ingqondo kukho hypoxia, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekufeni. Amaninzi le meko sizalwa abantu abanale isikiwe, hypotension okanye hypoxemia.

Izizathu eziphambili into efana umothuko craniocerebral okanye ziingozi nokwenzakala emsebenzini, kwakunye ukuwa okanye izithonga.

Xa abanye abantu, besaphula yobuchopho isakhiwo ebalulekileyo ubuchopho ukutshintsha umsebenzi wayo buthathaka emva kwexesha elithile, ukuba ngcono, ukuze loo mntu kwakhona. Abanye abantu baye ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni esibuhlungu, obe ubaqhiphukisa ukuphazamiseka kwendlela nokusebenza kwengqondo okanye luvo umcu ingase ivule nophuhliso ngezifo imisebenzi yawo kwaye nengqondo zobuchopho.

Ukuba kukho ukonzakala entloko ngokuyimfuneko ukuqhuba X-ray ukufumanisa ubukho iintanda okanye kwamathambo ngamathambo yokakayi. Xa ukungabikho kweempawu esiqwini umonakalo Medulla axilonge nomonzakalo entloko. Ukuba kukho amanxeba entloko elawulwa elwa analgesics, kwezinye iimeko, beta-blocker okanye womchamo. Xa kusenzeka mala, bubulumko unyango esibhedlele, yaye kwiimeko kakhulu, isigulana ibekwe iyunithi utyando okanye umothuko.

Kukho umonakalo nokwenzakala ingqondo? Unyango okuthiwa ejoliswe ukukhusela ingqondo ukususela ekusulelekeni uvingce nophuhliso iingxaki. Emva zoncedo lokuqala, wamisela unyango olusebenzayo ukugqiba isigulane vydorovleniya.

Esinokubangela ukuba uthi ukwenzakala entloko ke ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu bonke ukwenzakala emzimbeni womntu kunokwenzeka, kwangaxeshanye, yena ngunobangela rhoqo wokufa.