UHla typing

Ukungxamiseka iingxaki ezifana kwesisu kunye nenzalo, ngoku ikhula ngakumbi. Ukuphazamiseka ukusebenza amalungu okuzala iinkqubo yinkunzi nemazi obuni kukhokelela kwiimo ezifanayo.

Phakathi sezizathu kukubonelela zombini iziphene zokuzalwa lufundiwe (zosulelo, ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yonyango, iingxaki ngumzimba). Ezifuniweyo iimeko yezifo badla ukuphendula kunyango, ingeyo isegazini (zemfuza) utshintsho.

Okwangoku, ubuchule olukhula ngokukhawuleza in vitro, kodwa le ndlela alusoloko olusebenzayo abafane ukuvelisa isiphumo oyifunayo.

Namhlanje, izazinzulu ziye zagqiba ukuba uninzi lokungaphumeleli in vitro i lolu phando-ezifane. iinkqubo lolu phando-ukungavumelani amaqabane kukhokelela gestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwasekuzalweni, izisu ezizenzekelayo zingachumi abafazi ezizizo.

Lolu phando-nkqubo ayikho enye into ngaphezu awakwazi histocompatibility, athi abenoxanduva ukuqaphela umzimba womntu nezihlunu zayo kunye neeseli amazwe.

Kwimeko apho ukuhlukunyezwa ibhaqwe ye ubume antigenic iiseli zabantu, indlela kubangelwa intshabalalo omzimba (omzimba). Ukuze nezakhi angaphandle eveliswe omzimba esihambelanayo, leyo ukususa "ungquzulwano" iiseli.

Ezinye lolu phando-ikhowudi gene indibaniselwano chromosome lesithandathu

Ngalinye zofuzo iye zizifundo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo (alleles).

Lolu phando-typing kwenziwa ukufumanisa inkqubo histocompatibility. Yeyona ukuchongwa alleles (Ukrainian lunee) kwaye isiphumo bachwetheze.

Zonke awakwazi lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe iiklasi ezimbini eziphambili. Eyokuqala iqulathe awakwazi phezu iiseli, wesibini - nezakhi ezikhoyo kwiseli ocinga ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngayo ngumzimba (apha: B- ne T-lymphocyte, macrophage, monocytes, iiseli dendritic).

Lolu phando-typing yenzelwa phezu ubungqina yabafazi. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi:

- kwesisu,

- ubudlolo kwakunye nezinye iimeko zophendlo lwezifo ezinxulumene yokuzala kakuhle.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umntwana ufumana zombini izakhi koomama kunye yooyise ukuba amisele ukwakhiwa omzimba zabo.

Yezifo iyinto ukungangqinelani elibukhali (umahluko) izilwa-buhlungu, kunye yokufana kwawo binzana. Kwimeko yokuqala, emzimbeni kamama iqala ukulwa iiseli ikhombisa umphambukeli, ngoxa yesibini - umzimba yomfazi angagqali ukumitha ngokwayo.

Lolu phando-typing abazali ezigcinwe yesibini iklasi antigen (unoxanduva omzimba umsebenzi). Ukuze wenze le izakhi diagnostic kuyimfuneko ukwenza ucingo igazi ukusuka apho iphuma khona malunga nesigulane eso. Kamva olwenziwe ulwabiwo leukocytes serum. Lolu phando-ukuchwetheza usebenzisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ukuba imveliso basabela njani polymerase chain.

Xa kunjalo, xa kukho ukufana phakathi phenotypes (on of lolu phando), ebibanjwe ekugonyweni unina therapy mxube leukocytes umyeni (uyise womntwana). Ngaphezu koko, immunotherapy lwenziwa usebenzisa immunoglobulin. Zonke ezi ndlela yenza kube lula ukwenza inkqubo omzimba umama nokukhuthaza nokusebenza yayo efanelekileyo.

Ngaloo ndlela, lolu phando-ukuchwetheza namhlanje lwenziwa xa kuthe ezibonisa kophulwa zomzimba histocompatibility kamama nomntwana. Ukusetyenziswa kwale ndlela diagnostic kuye livunyelwe kuphela ukukhangela unobangela kwesisu kunye nenzalo, kodwa ukuba livelise kwaye lizalisekise lonke uluhlu iindlela zonyango kunye nobuchule ukuze unyango ngempumelelo kwezi meko zophendlo lwezifo.