Ubude bemiyalelo yokukhusela abasebenzi kunye nokukhusela umlilo

Umthetho weliphi na ilizwe kwilizwe eliphucukileyo lifuna umqeshi ngamnye ukuba anikezele abasebenzi balo umgangatho oqhelekileyo kwiinkalo ezinjengokhuseleko kunye nempilo. E-Rashiya, isakhelo somthetho wale miba siqulethwe kumacandelo e-Code of Labor of the Russian Federation, izigqibo zeSebe lezeMisebenzi, uMphathiswa wezeMfundo kunye neeGOST ezihambelanayo, kunye nezenzo zomthetho zesebe.

Lapho kubaluleke khona ukhuseleko

Yonke imibuzo malunga nokukhuselwa kwezokhuseleko ikhutshwa yimeko ethile kwimiqathango. Okokuqala - ukhuseleko lwezixhobo, oomatshini, iindlela, oko kukuthi, nayiphina inkqubo yokuvelisa. Enye enye ukugcinwa, ukusetyenziswa, ukunyakaza kwezinto kunye neempahla (ukulungiselela indawo, ii-corridors kunye neentengiso). Iyesithathu yindawo yokusebenzela efanelekileyo kwaye iphephile. Apha sithetha ngokukhupha umoya omtsha, ukugcina ukucoceka, ukufumaneka kwamanzi okusela, njl njl.

Umthetho unyanzelisa umqeshi kungekuphela nje ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngamnye umqeshwa uyazimelela kwaye uyazibonelela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo olufunekayo ngexesha lemveliso yomyalelo.

Ukuphululwa kwezi mithetho, unokuba ngummangalelwa kwimeko yezobugebengu (xa kwenzeka umqeshwa enzakele kakhulu ngenxa yokunganakwa kwabantu abajongene nokukhuselekileyo).

Wena ngokwakho umqeqeshi

Ukunyamekela kwabasebenzi ngokwabo malunga nezenzo ezichanekileyo ngokwabo ukhuseleko lwabo alubalulekanga. Kuwuxanduva lomntu ngamnye ukuba afunde imigaqo kunye nemiyalelo yenkonzo, ukwenza uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi, ukusebenzisa iimpahla, ukwazi malunga nenkqubo yokukhupha, ukufumaneka kwezixhobo zokulwa nomlilo kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa, kunye nokubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala xa kunesidingo.

Nayiphi na inhlangano kufuneka iphuhlise iphinde ifumane umgaqo-nkqubo kwindawo enoxanduva njengokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Yibhalwe ngokuvunyelwa kwegosa elijongene ne-TB.

Olu xwebhu luhlaziywa ukusuka kwiminyaka emibili ukuya kwimithathu. Kuxhomekeke ekutshintsheni kwisakhiwo kunye noguquko lwabasebenzi.

Uxwebhu oluyisiseko

Uxwebhu oluphambili lolawulo lwenkampani yobunjineli bokhuseleko lubizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo wokukhusela abasebenzi. Ibhekisela kumaphepha olawulo lwangaphakathi.

Injongo yomyalelo ukuqhuba inkcazelo ngesihloko sokukhuselwa kwabasebenzi malunga nendawo nganye yomsebenzi. Iimfuno zayo kubo bonke abasebenzi ziyimfuneko. Abo banqwenela ukuzalisekisa bathathwa njengabaphulaphuli bokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kunye nezigwebo ezifanelekileyo.

Umzekelo, inqaku le-81 lekhodi livumela umnini-mhlaba ukuba aqede isivumelwano sokuqeshelwa ukuba umqeshwa wade waphula ngokungahambiyo le mfuno, kwaye oku kwaholela kwimiphumo emibi (ukulimala kwenzakalo, ingozi okanye intlekele) okanye usongelwe ukuqala kweziphumo ezinjalo. Amatyala okuhlawula phantsi kobugcisa. I-T2s i-192 ihlawulwa ngokubuyiswa, kuquka ukuxothwa.

Injongo kunye nesiseko

Imiyalelo ekukhuselweni kwabasebenzi, ikhankanywe kakhulu kubameli bonke nawuphi na umsebenzi, ngaphezu koko, ngombono othile wemisebenzi nganye. Akusiyo imfihlelo yokuba umsebenzi ofanayo uthatha imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo (umzekelo osuka kwintsimi yokulumala - ingaba ukutshisa i-arc nge-electron beam, njl.).

Isiseko sokuphuhliswa kwabo yimithetho ye-intersectoral, imiyalelo emiselweyo, iimfuno ezinikezelwe kumaxwebhu obugcisa bezixhobo ezibonelelwa ngumenzi. Imiqathango yemveliso nganye kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.

Ngaphambi kokuphuhliswa komqeshi wabo, umyalelo ubhala uluhlu lwemisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi ebhaliweyo. Ngethuba elifanayo, ishedyuli karhulumente kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.

Ngokuthethayo

Umxholo wale ncwadana kufuneka ube nemiqathango ethile yokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo, nganye kwinkqubo yezobuchwepheshe, kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo. Ilawula ukulungelelanisa oku kuluhlu malunga nezindlela zokusebenza kunye nezindlela zokusebenza, kunye nokulandelelaniswa kokuphunyezwa kwazo.

Umyalelo uqulunqwa kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kolawulo lweeyunithi zecandelo ngalinye, ezivunyiweyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa okusemthethweni kunye nabantu abamele imanyano yabasebenzi okanye namanye amabhunga afanelekileyo.

Iqalisa ukusebenza (oko kukuthi, iyanyanzeleka ukuba imiselwe umqeshwa ngamnye) ukususela kumhla wokusayinwa.

Umxholo othile

Naliphi na le miyalelo iye, ngaphezu kwegama, inombolo ehlukile. Umxholo ufanele uchaze ukuba yeyiphi imeko. Iqukethe izinto eziqhelekileyo okanye amacandelo:

1. Ukukhuselwa kwabasebenzi, i-postulates yayo jikelele.

2. Iimeko ezimele zidibene phambi kokuba umsebenzi uqalise.

3. Kuyafana - ngexesha lokuvelisa.

4. Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe kwimeko engxamisekileyo.

5. Iimeko ezimele zidibene ekupheleni komsebenzi.

Yiyiphi inxalenye

Ukuba uhlolisisa okubhaliweyo nganye ngcaciso ethile, ngoko iimfuno eziphambili ziquka izinto apho umqeshwa angavunyelwa ukuba enze umsebenzi ngokwasemsebenzini othile okanye uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi (intetho ngezinga lempilo, ubuncinci bexesha, uqeqesho, njl. .). Eminye imiyalelo kwi-regime, ukuphumla, njl.

Icandelo eliqhelekileyo liquka, ukongeza, uluhlu lwezinto ezinobungozi bokuvelisa, izixhobo ezikhuselayo, kuquka i-overalls kunye nezembatho ezizodwa. Enye into imigaqo yokuthintela umlilo kunye nenkqubo yokwazisa ulawulo malunga neengozi kunye nokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo. Ukongezelela, imiyalelo yoncedo lokuqala kwiimeko eziphuthumayo kunye nococeko lomntu.

Ezinye izinto

Kwinqanaba lesibini, izenzo malunga nokulungiswa kwendawo yokusebenzela, izixhobo zokukhusela, ukujonga ukunikezelwa kwezixhobo zokusebenza, iinkqubo ze-alarm kunye nezinye izixhobo ziqhelekileyo zichazwe. Ukongezelela, apho umyalelo wokutshintshwa ufunyenwe kwaye usasazwa kwinkqubo enomjikelezo oqhubekayo.

Icandelo lesithathu lizinikele kwiindlela zokukhuseleka ukusebenza, iimfuno zokusingatha iindlela ezikhoyo, izithuthi kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo. Oku kubandakanya izenzo ukukhusela izingozi.

Eli candelo, elijolise kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, ichaza ubuninzi bezinto ezinokwenzeka, kubonisa izizathu ezibangeleyo, kunye nezenzo ezifunwa ngabasebenzi kwimeko ethile.

Icandelo lokugqibela lijongene nenkqubo yokucima, ukuchithwa kwamatshini kunye noomatshini, ukucoca kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo. Okunye - malunga neemfuno zokucoca inkunkuma kunye nococeko. Ubungakanani bemiyalelo yokukhuselwa kwabasebenzi kuyimfuneko.

Zibalelwa njani kwaye zigcinwe

Isethi yala maxwebhu kufuneka anikezelwe kwintloko nganye yeyunithi - ngokubhekiselele kubaphathi bakhe. Kwabasebenzi ngokwabo eli xwebhu linikezelwa ukuba lisayinwe kwiincwadi ezizimeleyo ngenjongo yokufunda okanye ukuthunyelwa kwindawo yokusebenzela okanye kwelinye, kungenakufikeleleka.

Cinga imiyalelo enjalo kumaphephancwadi kwifomu elithile lokuphendula kunye nokukhutshwa. Inkcazo yeencwadi, ngokwemigaqo, ebalekisiwe, echithwe, isayinwe ngabantu abanoxanduva kwaye iqinisekiswe ngesitywina.

Yintoni ubude bemiyalezo ye-OSH kwintlangano?

Lo mbandela uvame ukunyanzelwa ngabo bafunwa ukuba baphuhlise ngokohlobo lwemisebenzi yabo esemthethweni. Kutheni kubakho ubude bomyalelo wokukhusela umsebenzi kubaluleke kangaka? Isizathu kukuba. Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo uthinteka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto-ukuqala kokubamba ubugcisa kunye nokuqabhuka kwezixhobo kunye nesidingo sokutshintsha indawo entsha, ukuphela kwemigaqo emitsha yoqeqesho lwabasebenzi.

Ngoko, yintoni ubude bomyalelo we- OSH kwishishini? Impendulo inokufunyanwa kumaphepha afanayo, ngokusekelwe kuwo. Kwaye ulandelwa ngokomthetho iminyaka emihlanu.

Kuthetha ukuthini oko oko? Ngokwenene imithombo iqulethe iziphakamiso zokuhlalutya ngazo "nganye isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu". Kodwa ngeli xesha lonke ukusebenza kweemeko akuzange kube phantsi kweenguqu zehlabathi, kwaye kwakungekho nohlaziywa lwamaphepha alawulayo asemgangathweni, ngeli xesha livumelekile ukuba landiswe.

Ukongezwa kwexesha lemiyalelo yokukhuselwa kwabasebenzi

Ngoko, kwixesha elidlulileyo leminyaka emihlanu akukho zitshintsho ezinkulu eziye zenzeka. Iyini ixesha lemiyalezo ye-OSH? Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha elithile elithatha ixesha elide liyakhiwa ngumyalelo wokulawula. Yaye le nyathelo kufuneka ibhalwe phantsi.

Ekuqaleni komqulu (imiyalelo), umatshiweyo "Uhlaziyiweyo" kwaye uqinisekisiwe ngophawu lomntu osesikweni umntu onoxanduva. Ixesha elitsha (elongeziweyo) lokuqinisekiswa kwemigaqo yokukhusela abasebenzi liyimfuneko.

Ukuba kukho utshintsho

Kwenzeka ukuba imeko ibonakala ehlukileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha leminyaka emihlanu, iimeko zokusebenza zabantu zitshintshile, okanye ingabe imigangatho ephakamileyo yatshintsha? Yintoni ubude bemimiselo ye-OSH ngoku?

Kwimeko enjalo, nayiphi na imiyalelo ephathelele ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nokukhuselwa kwabasebenzi kufuneka ihlolwe yintloko yentlangano phambi kweshedyuli. Xa kunesidingo, kuyimfuneko ukuseka ngokukhawuleza nokwamkela amatsha.

Ngaba ubude bemimiselo ye-OSH yabasebenzi bayaguquka kwiimeko apho kukho ukungeniswa kwezixhobo zanamhlanje kunye noshintsho kwiinkqubo zobuchwepheshe? Le meko ibhekisela kulo khankanywe ngasentla, oko kukuthi, ngumbuzo wokutshintsha iimeko zokusebenza. Ngako oko, imiyalelo kufuneka ihlaziywe ize ithathe indawo endaweni.

Ukuba kwenzeka ingozi (ingozi yezoshishino), uphando luyaqhubeka. Ukuhlalutya iziphumo, kwakunye nezibalo zezifo zomsebenzi, ukuphathwa kweenkampani kunyanzelekile ukuba ufikelele izigqibo ezifanelekileyo kwaye ulungise imiyalelo ekhoyo.

Ezinye iimeko

Kwakhona, ukuqulunqa umyalelo omtsha, kunokufuneka, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo ze-GIT. Kwiimeko ezikhankanywe ngasentla, kunzima ukuseka ubude bemiyalezo ye-OSH yokusebenza ngomngcipheko ophezulu. Kucacile ukuba i-periodicity ixhomekeke ngqo kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo kwi shishini.

Ingaba ixesha lemiqathango yokukhusela abasebenzi liya kuguquka xa kufikelelwe ekuveliseni kwakhona (okanye ngokutsha)? Kule meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukhuseleko lomsebenzi ekwakhiweni kwezibonelelo ezintsha okanye izixhobo zokuvuselela izixhobo zobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yale njongo, iiNcomo zibonelela ngemfundiso yesikhashana ekukhuselweni kwabasebenzi, ubude obunxulumene nomhla wokumisela umveliso omtsha (wokwakhiwa). Okumiselwe kuyo kufuneka kube yindlela yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nokuphathwa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Ingaba ixesha elifanelekileyo lemiyalelo yokukhusela abasebenzi kunye nokukhuselwa komlilo okufanayo? Ixesha lokubambela indawo endaweni yaloo mva alilawulwa. Amaxwebhu "aphezulu" aqukethe kuphela imfuneko kulabo malunga nantoni na, ngaphandle kwezindlu zangasese.

Kucetyiswa ukuba ubuyekeze imiyalelo ephathelele ukhuseleko lomlilo, xa kukho utshintsho lwehlabathi kumaphepha olawulo, utshintsho kwiprofayili yeshishini okanye isakhiwo sayo, inani labasebenzi besikhathi esigcwele. Ngokubanzi, ukuhlaziywa kunconywa yonke iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu.