Tusker: ehlathini wahlala

Tusker, yasendle, yasendle - onke amagama zohlobo olufanayo, zize kutshabalalisa uMhlaba. Ummandla Indawo yalo ebanzi, babugubungela lonke eli lizwekazi laseYurophu, uqhebeke ukuya emantla eScandinavia, kunye Asia - ukuya East Far kunye Trans-zamanzi imimandla.

Kwenzeka yonke indawo, wehla waya imimandla yetropika amazwekazi, ngokunjalo e iyofika Java, New Guinea kunye nezinye iziqithi. Hayi, kudala kangaka nenkunzi kumiwa kwintsimi enkulu North-Afrika, kodwa ngenxa kwenkqubo yokuzingelwa okungenaluzsini kuye lo mbono zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Namhlanje, inani layo ithuthela kwezinye iindawo Argentina, Central kunye nomNtla Melika. Malunga ubomi lesilwanyana, imikhwa yayo kunye ozikhethayo, eli nqaku liza kukuxelela.

iimpawu uhlobo

Tusker, ifoto leyo ebonisa - suborder ngalinye ezidalwa non-ruminant yomlibo kweehagu, kuba ngukhokho ihagu yasekhaya. Namhlanje kukho ngaphezu kwama-25 zenyathi iihagu zasendle, kodwa bonke ababelana umfanekiso obabuthandwa isilwanyana: nesinqumka evuthelweyo intloko omkhulu phambili ngokubanzi, wakhomba iindlebe, empumlweni, nesiphelo empumlweni namehlo amancinci. Kuxhomekeka uhlobo olunganeno Ubude bomzimba wayo lahlukile ukusuka kwi 1.3 ukuya 1.8 m, ukuphakama - ka 0.5-1 m, kwaye ubunzima - ukusuka kg 60 ukuya 170. kubhalwe amaxesha amatyala isahlakalo ngabantu ezinamandla ukukhathaza ukuya 250-275 kg.

Kakade ke, oku tusker omkhulu - isilwanyana sinakho amandla amakhulu kunye nemibono eyoyikekayo. abazingeli akwa badla embellish ubukhulu neembasa zabo. Noko ke, ngoNovemba kunyaka ophelileyo kumajelo eendaba kwakukho inkcazelo malunga imbonakalo kummandla Urals bakaRafa - enkunzini wokuweyisha ngaphezu kwesiqingatha ton kunye nobude 2 yemitha ibunile. Ukuba oku kuyinyaniso, ngoko lo tusker inkulu.

uboya

umzimba yasendle igutyungelwe ezifumaneka ubukhulu elukhuni uzithathe, leyo xa kuqala ebandayo yasebusika iba elide. Ukongeza, imila underfur efudumeleyo, foar ukufudumala ngeentsuku ezibandayo. Ecaleni Ridge ingubo emva ibekwe yobusi, leyo imperceptible ukwimeko cwaka, yaye imi phezu ekupheleni xa kusenzeka ingozi. umbala isilwanyana ezahlukeneyo - grey, omnyama okanye ungowomhlaba emdaka. Loonto badla imibala ubuqili-zinemizila, kodwa oko kuya uwagcine mahlathi ezimibalabala.

indlela yokuphila

Tusker uhlengahlengiso kubomi ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo - xa usendle ivaleke le aseSiberia hlathi, kwaye emahlathini emvula. Ifumaneka ezinkqantosini, intaba. YaseYurophu beech oki amahlathi, ngelinye esinendawo imigxobhozo, ingakumbi wayemthanda ezi zilwanyana. Abathanga bawele icala neCaucasus, kunye nemithi yayo iziqhamo kunye nut. Tusker ithuthela ecaleni ezintlanjeni imilambo ntaba, wazigquma ngokupheleleyo kwetyholo. EMpuma Ekude, ukhetha amahlathi nompleyini kunye namahlathi exutyiweyo. Ukudla, yasendle enyuka rhoqo ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Ehlotyeni ngenye imini kuthatha ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-8, ixesha utshintsho ebusika kuxhomekeke kwimali ikhephu mninzi yayo.

Umzekelo, ikhephu ubunzulu 30-40 cm lubalulekile irhamncwa, kuba enemilenze ezimfutshane, neenyawo caked uqweqwe ubuhlungu izilwanyana. Amaninzi kule minyaka enzima, xa kukho ukutya encinane zendalo, zehagu kuwahlasela kwiindawo zolimo.

yasendle uqaphele ukuba ulele kwamatyholo, elele phantsi ehlotyeni kwi inkunkuma, phantsi kwamatye okanye emthunzini imithi. Ebusika, ukuba balungiselele ekukhuleni ngamasetyana, iinaliti pine, moss okanye amadlavu kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo emithini. Ukusuka apha baya kufuna ukutya, udle konke oko aya kufumana. Kodwa ke oku akuthinteli kubo zezitya babe nokudla.

Ifidi on iihagu zasendle

Ngayo kuba ezinkunzini ezi amatswele kunye rhizomes zezityalo, ukuba geni, kukugocagoca umhlaba empumlweni. Qaphela ukuba empumlweni enkunzini zasendle - isixhobo esisodwa esibonisa ingqiqo obalaseleyo ivumba yindlela yokufumana ukutya, kuba ngaphezu kwe-¾ zemveliso iyonke, usebenzisa lona. Per tusker emikhulu ingakwazi ukutya 6 kg wefula. Ehlotyeni, ekwindla yehagu ukutya indidi namaqunube, amandongomane, iimbewu ezahlukeneyo, yaye ebusika kwi ukunqongophala kokutya, yena umxholo kunye amaxolo kwemithi namatyholo.

Musa eya iihagu ezincinane izirhubuluzi, amacilikishe, iintsholongwane, iimpuku kunye nenkqo. Kwintsimi ezahlukeneyo zehagu badla eyahlukileyo ngokutya ukutya ukuba iyafumaneka. data isabelo Size nayo kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni ukutya kunye izinga ngokufumaneka.

buphindwe

Ukususela kuNovemba ukuya ngoJanuwari kwi enkunzini uqalisa lokuphathana kwempahla emfutshane okanye umlembelele: amadoda abafuna ababhinqileyo yaye ngokufuthi amalungiselelo imilo, ezijongene nabanye umonakalo nganye ephathekayo kakhulu. Ekupheleni ixesha lokuzala, bayakuyeka ubunzima ukuya kwi-20%. woodcocks Young female avuthwe ngokwesondo kwiminyaka 1.5-2 ubudala, into eyindoda - nonyaka-4,5-5-ubudala.

Imazi uvelisa mva kancinane kweenyanga ngaphezulu kwe-4, i-avareji leentsuku 130, inkunkuma iza entwasahlobo. iimazi Young bazisa ke inkunkuma amantshontsho 5-6, endala - ku 8-12. Ngaphambi yamantshontsho ukuba amalungiselelo indlwane obutofotofo, zigqunyiwe macala onke khotsho phezu kwengca owomileyo, amasebe ezincinane amasetyana. Loonto Yavela kwiveki yokuqala Musa ukushiya indlwane nomama-ngehagu ukubanyamekela kwaye zitya zonke iiyure 3-4, yaye nangona rhoqo ecaweni zikhangela ukutya ebusuku umva abantwana. Ekupheleni kweentsuku 7-10, iihagu ngaphandle yentaka, kunye nomama wakhe yonke, ukuba kukho ingozi yokusithela incinane engceni okanye windbreak.

Kunye neeveki ezimbini ubudala, baqala ukufunda ukuze ukwemba. ukondla ixesha kangangeenyanga ukuya ku 3.5.

Ukusetyenziswa zide kuvuselelo ehlathini

amangalisayo dig rhoqo iihagu zasendle kuluncedo kakhulu kwimeko zokuhlaziywa yehlathi. Bezikhulule kunye iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba, tusker kunceda ukuwatywina imbewu iintlobo zezityalo. Xa inkqubo ukumba kunye zasendle zehagu zidliwa izinambuzane amahlathi ezininzi, izinambuzane kwindawo, ukunciphisa kakhulu amanani zabo abathintela esebenzayo.