TTL - Yintoni le?

TTL - ntoni na? TTL limele Ixesha Live. Oko kukuthi, ixesha lokuba ubomi, eyabelwa kuye mzuzu utshintsho ukusuka esiludumbo ekuqaleni ade ase ekupheleni. In IPv4 TTL umgangatho ezabelwe ukubonakalisa intsimi bit ezisibhozo-kwi header. Edlula kwiindawo ezininzi ukuya ipakethe kuyo lonke ixesha ixabiso lehla ngama iyuniti enye. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba anciphise ixesha lobukho bakhe iindawo yenani ethile. Kwaye oku, ke, likuvumela ukuba uphephe ukuxinana kuthungelwano.

Njengoko kwacetywa ixesha ababhali zobuchwepheshe ukuba balahlekelwe 1 Kwinqaku lesibini zonke. Kodwa enkosi ngesantya esiphezulu zo xhulumaniso kunye nenani imizila neendawo kucutheka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba TTL ifikelela zero? Le phakeji yokufunda iya kutshitsha, kwaye umthumeli ziya kufumana umyalezo echaza ukuba ixesha analo ebomini, yaye ngoko ke kufuneka uzame kwakhona. Elona xabiso liphezulu ukuba uyakwazi ukubonakalisa intsimi bit ezisibhozo ngu 255. kuza amaxabiso ongagqibekanga indlela yokusebenza. Ezifana TTL 128 ngo-Windows kunye Linux nezakhi - Mac, Android - 64.

Imekobume inayo DNS TTL wayo, yaye ibonakalisa ukungxamiseka data egciniwe. Kodwa ke umbuzo kweli nqaku akukho ngaye.

Kutheni usebenzisa TTL neendawo zoluntu

ubomi Package basebenzise ngenkuthalo Ababoneleli Internet Service ezahlukeneyo, ezifana Yota. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba uzama ukuthintela ufikelelo ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi esikhulu kakhulu ukwabiwa Wi-Fi. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba phakheji, ukusuka ifowuni ofumana kumthamo Razdan, kunciphisa TTL, ekugqibeleni uza kumboneleli ingaphantsi okanye kwimeko Windows ngaphezulu kunokuba kulindelekile.

Ngokomzekelo, singakwazi ukuchaza inkqubo imisebenzi smart ngokusekelwe "Android". Ifowuni ithumela isicelo data ukusuka kwisayithi ethile. Naye wathunyelwa TTL, ixabiso lalo 64. Umboneleli uyazi ukuba lo umgangatho eli xesha umqulu wesixhobo inani lobomi, ngoko ikuvumela ukuba ufikelele ngokukhululekileyo le Web.

Ngoku, ifowuni iqalisa ukuba asasaze Wi-Fi kwaye lube luhlobo umzila. Connect smart isebenza eqongeni Windows, kwaye TTL, wacanda isixhobo Hrazdan 127. Umboneleli uya kudibana le ipakethe kwaye uyaqonda ukuba abelwa intanethi. Ngoko ke, lo block sodinenenie.

Amathuba utshintsho TTL kwizixhobo ezininzi

Ukutshintsha ixabiso lobomi zepakethe kunokuba luncedo ukuba yokucima ikwaxina zomboneleli-traffic. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukucima i sekhebhuli, kwaye umsebenzisi ufuna ukufumana ngokukhawuleza kwi Internet kwi computer yakho. Xa smart uba kwindawo yofikelelo, uze kwimilindelo ikhompyutha kwinethiwekhi.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abanye ababoneleli ngokuthintela hayi kuphela TTL, kodwa ukugcina umkhondo utyelelo site. Ukuba ubomi akunanto yakwenza efowuni, okt. E. Musa uyayifuna, i uxhulumaniso lehla.

Tshintsha TTL ngeendlela ezininzi, nto leyo eya kuthi ichazwe apha.

Ukutshintsha TTL kwizixhobo kunye neqonga "Android"

Indlela elula ukutshintsha lokudla zepakethe kwi izixhobo "Android" wayeza kuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-software eyodwa. Umzekelo, imveliso ngempumelelo kakhulu - TTL Master. Oku uyakwazi ukutshintsha mzuzu iphakheji ubomi kwisixhobo, efunyanwa ngenxa lokudlula data. Ngokomzekelo, xa ukusasazwa Wi-Fi kwisixhobo kunye Windows kufuneka imiselwe ku-127, yaye Android okanye Linux - 63.

Le nkqubo simahla, yaye ngokulula inokufumaneka kwi-Google Play esemthethweni. Noko ke, ukusebenza kwayo ifuna amalungelo lengcambu kwisixhobo.

Inkqubo yekhompyutha ilula - kule inxalenye ephezulu ibonisa isicwangciso yangoku. Ifunyanwa ngezantsi nje workpiece for Windows kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Ungakwazi nokuseta ixabiso olifunayo ngesandla. Nje ngezantsi iqhosha ubuchule iya kusuka isicelo ngqo useto modem. Kwezinye iinguqulelo ngesigqibo ifumaneka ngokusebenzisa iptables, apho kukho indawo ethile.

Emilukweni kusenokwenzeka ukucwangcisa isiqalo kwaye utshintshe ubomi ngokuzenzekelayo xa izihlangu idivayisi. Ezinye iinguqulelo ze "Android" ikuvumela wenze isiqalo emva ukutshintsha ixabiso kwindawo yokungena. Kukho inkxaso ulwimi Russian.

njalo Le app eguqukayo nokuphucula. Kukho inkangeleko kwi github, apho wonke umntu lwamasebe kwaye udibanise izakhono zalo kule projekthi. Ukuba liyakwamkela, abaphuhlisi, ziya kufakwa kwiziko ukukhululwa elandelayo.

Ungazama indlela utshintsho ifayile inkqubo ngesandla ukutshintsha ubomi value. Oku kuya kufuna ingcambu-amalungelo. Okokuqala kufuneka uye kungena imo yokubhabha, oko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifowuni ulahlekelwa network.

Emva koko uthathe ithuba nawuphi sikhokelo ngubani na onako awunakuhlela iifayile. Kuyimfuneko ukuya endleleni proc / sys / net / IPv4. Kule khathalogu banomdla kwifayile ogama ip_default_ttl. Iqulethe 64 ukuze itshintshwe ku 63.

Okulandelayo kufuneka ukuba ifowuni ngaphandle imo yokubhabha, ukuze baphinde babhaliswa kwi-network. Ngoku endinokumthumela intanethi wireless uzame ukuqhagamshela ifowuni iOS okanye "Android" oko kukuthi, kunye TTL ka 64.

Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa njenge PC klinetov ne Windows, kuya kufuneka ukuba abeke ubomi bakhe ngendlela esisigxina ukuba uyiphakheja, njengoko kuchaziwe ngezantsi.

Ukutshintsha TTL kwi computer ne OSes Windows

Ukuba ufuna uhambise Internet efowuni "Android" kwi ikhompyutha esebenzayo Windows, kufuneka ulungise kancinane ngokubaluleka lobhaliso. Le ndlela iza kuba besaphila xa ifowuni engenayo uRute uzakufun aukugqithisa iqhaga kuyo ayisebenzi.

Ukuqhuba registry kumnombo kweenkqubo zokusebenza ngokuthi kubekho nto "Qala" menu "Qhuba". Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukungena Regedit uze ucofe Lungile. Kwi window ukuba kuya kuvela iinkalo ezimbini. Osekhohlo kwisakhiwo somthi, kwanelungelo - ixabiso. Ufuna ukufumana kwisebe HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ KWENKQUBO \ CurrentControlSet \ Iinkonzo \ Tcpip \ Iparameters. Tcpip for Windows 8 kufakwe Tcpip6.

Njengoko amaxabiso eziyimfuneko ukwenza i window entsha. Oku kwenziwa elizayo ngokunqakraza-ekunene. Kwi imenyu yokunqumlela, khetha "New", emva koko i parameter entsha DWORD, sanikwa TTL igama emiyo. Yintoni na? Le isicwangciso static kwixabiso rhoqo ixesha lobomi. Emva koko ekunene nqakraza-kwakhona uze ukhethe "Change". uhlobo yesi kufuneka ibe lokugqibela, kwaye ixabiso le - 65 Ngenxa yoko, le nkqubo iza kudlulisela ixesha lokuphila ukuya kuma-65, oko kukuthi esinye ngaphezu "Android". Oko kukuthi, edlula efowuni, uya kuphulukana iyunithi enye, kwaye umboneleli ngeke uphawule iqhinga emdaka. Emva zokuguqulwa kufuneka kwakhona ikhompyutha yakho.

Ngoku ke kunokwenzeka ukuba asasaze i-Internet kwi "Android", ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo software nezixhobo.

Ukutshintshela ku Linux

Njani na TTL utshintsho kwi khompyutha kunye Linux yokusebenza neenkqubo? Kuba Linux, ukutshintsha utshintsho package ebomini umgca enye kwisiphelo: iptables sudo -t mangle -Ngaba POSTROUTING -j TTL --ttl-ebekwe 65

Ukutshintsha ixesha le-zepakethe kwi modem

Tshintsha i modem TTL Ungasebenzisa utshintsho IMEI. Oku onjalo ukuchongwa ikhowudi ekhethekileyo kwisixhobo ngasinye ukuba ukufikelela kwiinethiwekhi zeselula. Ingxaki yeyokuba akukho ndlela jikelele. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngamnye kufuneka abe firmware esithathwe modem, nto leyo eya indawo IMEI.

4PDA on site kukho isigqibo yokukhetha ukutshintsha ixesha ubomi imodem kbavelisi ezahlukeneyo kunye nemizekelo. Kwakhona apho unako ukufumana isicwangciso ukuphunyezwa eneenkcukacha.

Ukutshintsha ixesha lobomi kwi yempahla iOS

Nge hlasi TetherMe zingatshintshwa kwi iOS TTL. Yintoni na? It DEB-isicelo ovula imo le modem kwi iOS ebhodini. Isibakala sokuba Apple evumela ezinye inethiwekhi ukuvala i "Ukusebenzisa Internet" kwinqanaba Sims. Esi sicelo yenza kube lula ukusebenza uze usebenzise ifowuni njengemodem.

Ukutshintsha TTL on MacOS

MacOS default umntu ebomini ka 64. Ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha kuyo, kufuneka ukuba ufake umyalelo kwi-terminal: sudo sysctl -w net.inet.ip.ttl = 65.

Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela emva kokuba ixabiso qala Izakutshintsha kwakhona ngo 64. Ngoko ke, kufuneka enze ezininzi zazo. Xa ingcambu ye drive kukho ikhathalogu njl Yena ezifihlakeleyo, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuze apho. Kukho ifayile sysctl.conf idaliwe. Kuyimfuneko ukuba abhalise umgca enye kuphela - net.inet.ip.ttl = 65. Kwaye ke, igcinwe.

kuyimfuneko ukuya ukubonisa le ncwadi eneenkcukacha efihlakeleyo Findere engundoqo drive kwaye cinezela indlela emfutshane yebhodi yezitshixo cmd + shift + G. Kwi window elivelayo, tayipha igama kwifolda oyifunayo, ngoko kuya kuba.

iziphumo

Kukho into enje njenge TTL USB Converter. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ayithethi zaphelelwa, kwaye mazingabhidaniswa kunye xesha zepakethe. TTL USB Converter - uhlobo lwe iadaptha ukwenza unxulumano phakathi izixhobo USB kunye TTL logic.

ngayo izinto nokuba kutheni kufuneka - malunga TTL sele zichaziwe ngokunabileyo nqaku. Zininzi iindlela kuthintelwe utshintsho umda kwezithuthi ukuvimbile kwi ababoneleli ezithile. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ukusebenzisa i Internet yonke indawo.

Ukuphunyezwa yahlukile kwi izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ungenza le nto zombini software kwaye uguqulo kancincane iifayile ngesandla. Ezinye iimodem kuya kufuneka ukuthunga, kunye nganye phantsi uhlobo lwaso the software.

Ezi ngokwemiyalelo uzakufun aukugqithisa iPin ukufikelela ababoneleli ezininzi umnikelo Internet nge inethwekhi yeselula.