Tracheal nciphisa ezinjeni

Okwangoku, izinja uhlobo ezincinane aqheleka kakhulu. Thina baqhele kakhulu kwaba bahlobo bane-inemilenze ukuba ezinye nje awukwazi ngokwam ngqondweni ngaphandle kwazo. Abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi isilwanyana ulilolo ithatha usapho, hayi uhombiso elula elingaphakathi, ukuze ndithethe.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba izinja bayagula kufana nje abantu. Ingakumbi izifo efanayo yaye kwiimeko ezininzi iimpawu ezifanayo. Basengozini enkulu kakhulu kwiinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo emzimbeni zizinja uhlobo ezincinane ezifana nja, York no Chihuahua.

Kwaye mhlawumbi omnye sezifo olunzima angabizwa ngokuwa noqhoqhoqho. Yintoni na kwesi sifo ndinaso?

Ukuwa uqhoqhoqho - sisifo esingapheliyo. Lubonakala liqumrhu nesilima ebizwa ilifa, kukhokelela ekuweni kwayo. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ubunzima kulo kwiimeko ezininzi izinja ezincinane zohlobo.

Kutheni tracheal ukuwa ezinjeni?

inkqubo yezifo, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa, lubonakala ngokuba licuthe le mithambo tracheal usekuhleni ngenxa yokulahleka luthambe clock intlala. Bafana ukubonakala kwileta "C". Ngoko ke, lo ngqongqo ka anyamalale zabo, Kakade ke, isithintelo ibonakala. Nangona umoya udlula uqhoqhoqho, inwebu yayo uba ukuhamba yezifo. Oko kukuthi xa inja yakho tracheal ekuweni emabeleni isebe lakhe, le bulges ndizayo inspiratory. Kwaye ngexesha ngumphunga retracts, ukuvala imihla noqhoqhoqho. Kungenxa yale kwaye ujika ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa yakhe.

Ukuba kuwa tracheal inja iqala kummandla wesibeleko, lo mfanekiso emuva: inwebu uzotywe ngexesha inhalation kunye nomphunga kunye bulges.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa luthambe ezilahlekileyo inwebu uyeza ndizayo uxakaxa? Xa inja a khohlo. Ukuba umsantsa leyo iingqameko kakhulu kangangokuba inja ayisekho umoya ngokwaneleyo, kuba ephazamisayo, awukwazi ukufumana indawo a recliner kolwandle. Ngenxa nangokobuncinane umoya nokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza isilwanyana uziva nangakumbi. Xa ixesha loo nja kunokuba anzima. ukunyuka Izinga yokuphefumla, ngoko ishiya ndzhendzheleko closed.

Ekuphuhliseni inkqubo kwiintetho ezikralayo, impilo inja yakhe iya isiba mandundu. Xa tracheal ukuwa inja, uvelisa ezininzi netuwa yencindi, ekhohlela liqala ancedisana kwenzeka deformation. Zonke umkhondo ngasentla iingxaki noqhoqhoqho.

Zeziphi izinja bayagula yaye kutheni

Nokuba kungasiphi na isizathu, kwavela isifo, kuye ngokwaneleyo efunda. Kodwa kwaziwa ukuba kunokuba samabanga - ivela ezinjeni aselula kwaye kucingwa ukuba zemfuza uzimisele, yaye Secondary - kwenzeka njengoko kwingxaki yezifo kwenkqubo bokuphefumla kwegazi. Pathology isoloko kusenzeka ngokukhawuleza.

Tracheal ukuwa e York kunye nezinye izinja ezincinane uvele nayiphi na zamasebe, kwaye udlulele emthini inyumoniya.

Inkqubo yezifo nangayiphi inxaxheba indlela amaphiko inwebu cartilaginous kunye ring yayo. Xa ithe luthambe kunye Amakhonkco kwi zikarhulumente eziqhelekileyo, ugqirha yenza uphethwe - 1 no-2, izinga kokuwa. Ukuba usindwa yokugqibela, yinto embi kakhulu ngakumbi. Ugqirha yenza uphethwe - sisifo kwibanga 3 no-4.

Ukuwa uqhoqhoqho e Spitz nga inokumiselwa ukuqina ebonakalayo emakhonkcweni cartilaginous, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukulahlekelwa ziintlobo okusegazini. Oku kulindeleke ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala glycoproteins kunye glycosaminoglycans zomzimba.

A ukuqina ngokuthe ngcembe le intlala kukhokelela ekunciphiseni Ubukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, le mithambo ye uqhoqhoqho iba ayemxinwa kakhulu. Esona sizathu esisiseko kugqalwa izifo zemfuza ilifa deformation intlala. Kungenxa kuba kuthambisa amakhonkco tracheal.

Tracheal nciphisa ngamaxesha iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Le meko uhlala kude kube lelo xesha kude kukho enye ingxaki.

obubonakala Clinical zezifo

Phantse ngamaxesha onke, esi sifo kuhlala nazimpawu kude kube ngoko, de izinto ezithile musa kukhokelela kuphuhliso onaso lwezonyango.

Makhe siqwalasele ukuba yintoni na ngokuwa noqhoqhoqho. Iimpawu kuyo yile ilandelayo:

1. Evelayo khohlo ngesiquphe wayevele mandundu ngokuyihlutha ngomnxeba, ntshikilelo, kwinwebu uqhoqhoqho.
2. Ngenxa ukuqhubeka ukunyuka khohlo sifo, wongezelela iimpawu ezongezelelweyo (apho unokufunda ngezantsi).
3. Ukuphelelwa umoya, ukomiwa inja phantsi komthwalo.
4. Silale.
5. Cyanosis ye inwebu yangaphakathi.
6. niphele kunokwenzeka.

Ezinye izifo ezinxulumene:

1. isilwanyana amavila.
2. ukusilela Heart.
3. Ukudumba kwi yomoya eliphezulu.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, isifo siqhubela phambili, ingakumbi xa kukho ukubonakala kwayo.

Ngubani na amathuba okuba uwiso

Ngokomthetho ziphakama ezinjeni abaselula. Kwindawo yesibini zizinja eliphakathi-ertyisi, ezifana pugs. Amaza omoya sifo akaxhomekekanga ubudala kwesilwanyana. Kodwa ke kakhulu iphenjelelwa ezahlukeneyo eyenza kunye nesifo eziziisekondari.

Sekunjalo, njengoko sifo iphuhlisa ixesha elide, eselula kwi inja khohlo livela kunqabile, kodwa Kwasephakadeni liyasetyenziswa rhoqo.

Zeziphi iinkqubo echaphazeleke sifo

Iimpawu ze-tracheal ekuweni kwi ngokoyiswa kwiinkqubo ezithile:

1. Ukuphefumla. Usuleleko ichaphazela iphecana ephezulu bokuphefumla yokwandisa bokugcinwa inkalakahla ethambileyo. Kwakhona, kukho "ebunayo yamakhazikhazi 'umoya. Ngenxa yeengxaki kunye nokucocwa uqhoqhoqho kukho inkqubo arhabaxa.
2. Sentliziyo. Xa iingxaki ezinkulu ukuphefumla wongeze lwegazi miphungeni.
3. Luvo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini kunye reflex reaction xa ukhohlela ukuphuhlisa syncope.

ekuxilongweni

Tracheal ukuwa ezinjeni, oko kukuthi isahlulo wesibeleko kuyo, ungenza ukubonwa iminwe Ngokucofa. Chaza le sifo enzima.

Ngokuba ukusetyenziswa zokuxilonga izifundo zilandelayo:

1. uxilongo X-ray. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuqonda kwawa uqhoqhoqho, kodwa le ndlela, kukho enye ubunzima. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ngezifo idla ofunekayo umfanekiso projektha ethile, ezifana inhalation okanye zingumphunga. Ukuba achaze le ngongoma, isilwanyana kunzima kakhulu.
2. US. Ngale ndlela ke unako ukumisela ekuweni uqhoqhoqho yenja kummandla wesibeleko. Ngokuba lo ukusetyenziswa ethile isivamvo aqhelelkileyo. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kunqabile kakhulu.
3. Tracheoscopy. Le ndlela ithathwa ukuba kakhulu ulwazi. umongo wayo kukuba isilwanyana phantsi zomzimba jikelele aziswa ukuba isixhobo elibizwa mbhobho wokuhlola. Yena unika ugqirha ukujonga uqhoqhoqho ecaleni ubude bayo, kwakunye ukuvavanya isifo. Kuyenzeka ukuba xa esi sifundo atsalwa intwana encinane kwithishyu localulo, ukujonga utshintsho zeselula, pathogen, susceptibility isibulala-zintsholongwane.

degrees

Emva kophando ukujonga ubungakanani ekuweni okunokwenzeka:

1. Ngokwesiqhelo, le uqhoqhoqho une side ajikelezayo.
2. isidanga sokuqala. Xa kwenzeka eshishinini le inwebu amanakani okuba kunye mithambo ye uqhoqhoqho iba ngaphantsi kwekota. Amakhonkco ngesiqhelo.
3. degree yesibini. Shell SAGs kakubi khonkcweni atshabalalisa kancinane. indawo semithambo ke ngoko lincitshiswe ngesiqingatha.
4. degree wesithathu. Shell nikunqena ekunene ukuya emakhonkcweni cartilaginous. amakhonkco flat. indawo semithambo na imithambo.
5. degree wesine. Le inwebu amaphiko ukuba ibekwe kwi emakhonkcweni cartilaginous leyo tyaba nesijijekileyo, phantse akukho yokususwa ihleli.

Indlela aphilise tracheal ekuweni ezinjeni

Unyango kunye namayeza ngokuba sisifo esikhethwe ngokungqongqo ugqirha, kuxhomekeke iimpawu ngabanye kwesilwanyana. Ngokuba sibi esi sifo, phambi kokuba amisele iziyobisi, oogqirha bezilwanyana izinyathelo ezithile: ekulweni ukutyeba, ukusetyenziswa webele-bands endaweni inekhola, unyango ekujoliswe zasesekondari ukudumba kwisiqwenga sokuphefumla.

Maxa wambi isilwanyana kuyimfuneko uthathe amayeza ukuze zokuyifihla ukuphefumla. Kwaye kwezinye iimeko kufuneka uhlonele tracheal ukuwa, kunye nonyango hormone.

Ukuba inja iye inwebu blue yangaphakathi, kwaye ukuphefumla kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza kufuneka kumthatha aye naye wempahla, kuba kulo mzekelo imfuneko engxamisekileyo ukuba enze umsebenzi ukusihlangula ubomi pet bakhe.

unyango ngotyando

Maxa wambi xa inja tracheal ukuwa, utyando isilwanyana efunekayo. Kodwa ngaba oko kuphela xa unyango ngamachiza ayiniki isiphumo, nobomi isilwanyana kusisisongelo.

Kukho iinketho eziliqela yokungenelela zoqhaqho ukuwa. intsingiselo yazo kukuba endaweni inxalenye ezonakeleyo kufakwe le koko iye uqhoqhoqho ifakiwe, leyo zonke iipropati ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa inja efanelekileyo umoya.

Kwelinye icala, le ndlela kucingwa ukuba kusebenze, yaye kwelinye - oku kungakhokelela kubunzima ezahlukeneyo ezifana ukwaliwa koko iye, usuleleko, ukukhubazeka necrosis laryngeal kunye noqhoqhoqho. Ukuba ngezifo ngaba sithi singanyangwa, kukho ukusilela kakhulu zemiphunga.

Ukhetho olunye uqhaqho - stenting. Le setting stent self-ukwandisa nto leyo igridi eyenziwe kwesefu, kunye mithambo. It lifakwa uqhoqhoqho ukuya kwindawo apho kukho ukuvala engaqhelekanga. Enkosi kuye, egciniweyo permeability emoyeni. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, olu khetho kucingwa ukuba ngempumelelo kakhulu.

Ukuba tracheal nciphisa emsebenzini e Chihuahua, ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga amalungiselelo ebandayo, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, imithi, kunye neziyobisi anti-ixhala. Injongo landela ngoogqirha, ikakhulu ukunyangeka ngokupheleleyo, okanye ubuncinane isantya inkqubela sifo, ukwenzela ukunceda isilwanyana ukuze aphile ubomi njengesiqhelo.

unyango amayeza: bronchodilators, hormone abandayo amalungiselelo

Unyango ngamachiza imiselwe kuxhomekeke wabonakala kwangumqondiso, kunye bronchodilators zithathwa amachiza iphambili yonyango ezi zifo, njengoko ukunciphisa spasm kunye noxinzelelo intrathoracic, ukunyusa le mithambo kwemithambo yegazi ezincinane ndikunike ukuphumla uvalo. Kuba iziyobisi kolu ngcelele ziquka: "Theophylline", "terbutaline" "Albuterol" "Theophylline".

Ngu antitussive apha ziquka analgesics ezidakumbisayo, leyo zibe okulalisa kunye. Ngenxa oku, kuyanceda ukulawula iziko khohlo. "Butorphanol" libhekisela nje omnye kula machiza. Uyondelelwano lwee- ichiza ukhethe ngamnye kuxhomekeka sifo. Kunokuba "butorphanol" maxa wambi iziyobisi "Gidrokadon" yabelwa. Kodwa kukho ethile enkulu kula machiza - ingeniso yabo eRashiya linqongophele kakhulu.

kusetyenziswa unyango ihomoni, ukuba ukhohlokhohlo unamandla kakhulu. Yena ithatha nokudumba ezilungileyo uqhoqhoqho nokuphelisa iimpawu zesi sifo. Ezinomsebenzi elide, usuleleko kunokwenzeka eziziisekondari.

Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ngoko olwa i ukhetho unyango efanelekileyo. Iziyobisi ezikhethiweyo emva ilaphu Uhlalutyo tracheal ukusuka kumphezulu.

Amayeza Anti-ixhala bamiselwe izinja abawonwabeleyo zokunciphisa kuhlaselo olukhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafuyi ukumisela iziyobisi "Diazepam" yaye "Acepromazine".

Ukuba isilwanyana sicacisiwe khohlo ekubandezelekeni, ukuba iyafuneka ngokungxamisekileyo egumbini kwikliniki yakhe, apho kuthathwe inyathelo ngokukhawuleza.

kwaye ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kuphuculwe inja bacinga ukuba ukutya ukunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuphucula iimpawu ezingqonge aphakathi zezulu (akukho ukutshaya zama ecaleni, ukuba pholisa igumbi, sebenzisa humectant) kwaye ufake lula breech-band endaweni khola.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inja emva kotyando

Ngesiqhelo, xa ufunyaniswe tracheal ukuwa e izinja, unyango elawulwa ngoko nangoko. Ngokufuthi icebo lokuphuma kule ngxaki uqhaqho.

Emva kubhaliwe kufuneka unyango bembuyekezo ngugqirha. Kunyanzelekile njengoko ukuphunyezwa nokuthintelwa kwezifo ezosulelayo kunye ezondeleyo.

hlola Ngamaxesha le stent luyafuneka ukwenza. Ukuze wenze oku, yisa X-ray kunye endoscopy.

Umnini pet kufuneka ulumkele ukuba imveliso ye stent Ayilochiza esi sifo, oko nje kunceda ukuseka ephefumla. Kodwa khohlo kuya kuhlala kunjalo, kunye yencindi kuya kuqhubeka ukuba nomzi, kwaye inja khohlo kwakhe.

Kubaluleke nangakumbi ukuseka ukuphefumla abaqhelekileyo kwi kwinqanaba lesithathu okanye lesine inkqubo yezifo. Kungenjalo, kuwa bekuya kuba nzima ukwenza nantoni na.

Iingxaki emva ukulungiselela stent

Iingxaki emva kokuba inkqubo ndandinixelele iya kuba yile ilandelayo:

1. Aleji metal.
2. Ukwaphuka le stent.
3. Tshintsha endaweni yayo.
4. Ukhohlokhohlo olutsho.
5. Ukukhula isifo tracheal.

Ukuze siphephe iingxaki, akunakwenzeka ukuba kudlula uhlolo ngamaxesha. Baya kukwazi ukunceda ngokukhawuleza ukuchonga iingxaki ze athathe amanyathelo ukuphelisa kubo.

Ngoko ke sibonile ukuba ngokuwa noqhoqhoqho. Treatment ukuba esi sifo kufuneka kuqaliswe msinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva kokuba uyayazi ecacileyo. Eli lixesha Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunceda lesilwanyana sakho.

Le abane emva konyango

unyango Standard uthembisa ALS kakuhle emva kwikhondo iziyobisi kunye nomgangatho obuqhelekileyo ubomi ngenxa lesilwanyana sakho.

Xa ngobuwena zoqhaqho indlela ukusebenza 81-91%. Ngcono, Kakade, oko kumlungele na unyango izinja abaselula. Ukuba inja emdala, ukusebenza lifinyele, nangona kancinane kuphela.

kanye nobungozi besi sifo aluchaphazeli abane. Ngoko njengoko kwinqanaba yesine kwimeko unyango oluchanekileyo idla kakhulu oogqirha ukufumana nemiphumo emihle.