The best tube msindo: Iimpawu kunye nohlaziyo

abathandi abaninzi umculo bakhetha ukuphulaphula umculo owuthandayo usebenzisa yokukhulisa odiyo ezincamathelayo ityhubhu. Yintoni na Okukodwa zezi zixhobo? Ngokusekelwe koko criteria ungakhetha imodeli ngokupheleleyo device ahambelanayo?

Yintoni umdla tube stereo ngombhobho?

Sesimangalo - yenye yeendima eziphambili izibonelelo yiacoustic, nenoxanduva nokwandisa amandla imiyalezo ivela kumthombo isandi, ehambelana izixhobo isenza, uhlengahlengiso umthamo, kwakunye ukudluliselwa umqondiso, amandla leyo kuqiniswe izixhobo audio yokudlala uncuthu lwengoma.

Le yokukhulisa ityhubhu njengento engundoqo busebenze kusetyenziswa kwimibhobho kunomathotholo. Ukuba enze umsebenzi zokomeleza izinto. Ngokuqhelekileyo, yokukhulisa ityhubhu zibe kumgangatho ophantsi Bill. Njengokuba kuphawuliwe abalandeli umculo, kuba izixhobo ezahlukeneyo lubonakala ngokuba olufudumeleyo, onesingqi ezithambileyo ngokudlala - ingakumbi xa udlala ezitsho abaphakathi phezulu.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo lo mshini ityhubhu - ekunikeni, kwiimeko ezininzi isandi entle kuthelekiswa, umzekelo, isixhobo transistor. Oku kuyenzeka kuba iimpawu ezizodwa isibane ngokwayo, apho, umzekelo, naphaya sisebenze ngaphandle kolungiso oluncediswayo into efunekayo ukuze axhase lo msebenzi, ke, izixhobo semiconductor.

Single-uphela bayiqhube-ezotyhalo isixhobo

Tube Soup ngokufuthi ihlelwa ngokwezintlu ezimbini eziphambili - Class A kunye Class AB. Eyokuqala obizwa ngokuba yaphela-single. Yenza izinto nokubethelela ukwandisa umthamo zombini nakwisiqingatha emazeni uphawu - kuzo ebezintle nezo zingentle. Second Soup ikwabizwa ngokuba ngesibetho-mbini. Bathi kwisigaba ngasinye ezilandelayo kubandakanya ukwandisa amandla yokubandakanyeka izinto ezahlukeneyo - umntu oya kujongana ezakhayo isiqingatha-yomtshangatshangiso, lo gama enye - zazo ezimbi. Class AB yokukhulisa kuvame noloqoqosho ngakumbi kunye nemveliso ngakumbi, ngokufuthi - enamandla ngakumbi. Kodwa kule amanqaku kwi-bume audiophile maxa wambi kukho iingxoxo.

Soup ngazo kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu eninzi kakhulu eqinileyo isasetyenziswa karhulumente, nangona uyilo lwabo ilula. abathandi abaninzi umculo ndawonye icebo ngokwakho - nokuba ufanele uzame ukufumana ityhubhu amps wesekethe kakhulu - on 6P3S, umzekelo, okanye ezinye kwanezibane ethandwayo. Kuba iingcali ze umculo ngoncedo izixhobo phantsi ingqalelo, ngokufuthi ezincinane na ixabiso labo - xa kugqityiwe ukuba ukuqokelela amandla, uze uthenge ngayo. Nakuba kunjalo, iimpawu, kakade, kudlala indima engenakuphikiswa ebalulekileyo isixhobo yokhetho. ke Khawuve, oko kusenokuba, kwakunye nemizekelo imifuziselo ithandwayo uhlobo olufanelekileyo izixhobo.

Sesimangalo Isandulela EL34: Iimpawu kunye nohlaziyo

Ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, ityhubhu wokukhulisa ilungileyo, okanye ubuncinane enxulumene neenkokeli kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo (abo bamanywe isiphelo ephantsi-ingxenye) - isixhobo Intshayelelo Classic EL34. Esi sixhobo ongasebenza usebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini izibane - eneneni EL34 okanye KT88. Kulo mzekelo ekhethiwe umsebenzisi ukuphumeza ukumiswa ngokutsha lo mshini.

Ngokutsho iingcali - ncomo, ebonisa izimvo zabo, lungafumaneka kwi-Intanethi ezininzi weendawo - enye iingenelo eziphambili elilujongano kwindlela yayo izixhobo devaysa, ikuvumela wayesalusa umthwalo isibane kakuhle, nto leyo eyandisa ubomi bayo nkonzo. Lo mshini lixhotyiswe esebenzayo yolawulo umthamo. Le fowuni ine obunamandla kakhulu, nto leyo watts 35.

yokukhulisa Triode

Enye sesimangalo ukubayinxalenye kudidi lwabiwo - isixhobo TRV-35, iveliswayo le Triode brand Japanese. Inyaniso yokuba ibandla eJapan, ubukhulu becala imisela umgangatho imveliso oluhloniphiweyo. Lo mshini ubhetyebhetye - mhlawumbi nguye ityhubhu amp kakhulu kwicandelo lalo lo mbono. Izibane enokusetyenziswa kwisixhobo - EL34, kwezinye iimeko, ukubandakanyeka lweziqalelo ElectroHarmonix, ekuveliseni eRashiya kunokwenzeka.

Ngokutsho kweengcali, phakathi iimpawu ezininzi abadumileyo lo mshini ethathelwa ingqalelo - ukukwazi ukuqhagamshela yokubonela kwikhaya mihla.

Enye imveliso ezaziwayo-kakuhle i Japanese brand Triode - isixhobo TRX-P6L. Njengokuba kuphawuliwe kwezinye iingcali, esi sixhobo - eyona tube wokukhulisa ukuba Triode uluhlu ngokwemiqathango functionality. Ngoko ke, kukho langoku, ingakumbi, ezine-lane uhlobo balingana, nto leyo eyenzelwe ukwandisa umculo yesandi ilizwi kokusingqongileyo ive ethile kwelo gumbi, kwakunye parameters zisetyenziswa ziisistimu audio le. Isixhobo, ekuthethwa, ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iindidi ezahlukeneyo izibane - EL34, 6L6, KT88 ngokunjalo. Le nezixhobo mayixhotyiswe umlawuli ubunzulu umva yentsebenziswano. Lo mshini unako ukusebenza ngeendlela ezimbini - le triode kunye ultralinear.

Enye ifowuni ephawulekayo kuthengiswa phantsi Triode brand - sesimangalo VP-300BD. abathandi abaninzi umculo banikwa umbuzo: "? lokutyhala-kume ityhubhu amp ophele single-okanye - kokona kulungileyo" Ukuba unako, ngokukhetha kanye VP-300BD, nto leyo enxulumene iingcinga uhlobo lokuqala, eba wanelisekile kakhulu isixhobo ezifunyenweyo. isixhobo kujongwa - triode, ithathwa njenge msindo evulekileyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ibakala yemveliso isebenza 300B isixhobo triode, ezithi ke zithathwe filamentary.

Audio Research VSi60

Phakathi edume brand nabavelisi amps ityhubhu - corporation American Audio Research. Eyona enobuchwepheshe iimveliso zayo ziquka VSi60 isixhobo. abathandi abaninzi umculo Siqinisekile ukuba ityhubhu ilungileyo amps transistor, kwaye eyenziwe yinkampani American oluvumela umtshini phambili ingxoxo esinzima esixhasa iingcinga zabo Uhlobo lokuqala: njengako iingcali, ingqalelo lo mshini inika isikali onomtsalane isandi, oku kuthelekiswa nendlela aqhuba ngayo izixhobo transistor. Isibane ephambili lisebenza kunye neyunithi US, - KT120. ulawulo Volume kwi wokukhulisa ingqalelo elektroniki.

Sesimangalo Kanye Research

Enye umenzi brand ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezingenamandla ze izixhobo, ekuthethwe - Kanye Research. Izisombululo kakhulu ngempumelelo eziyilelwe lo corporation ziquka amandla S6. Mhlawumbi - eyona ityhubhu ngombhobho, okanye ubuncinane enxulumene izisombululo ophambili, ngokwemiqathango indibanisela iimpawu ukuba engqalene iingcinga iklasi A: amandla aphezulu 35 W kunye into ebalulekileyo damping. Izixhobo usebenzisa 2 transistor filamentary ilahlwe kwisitishi ngasinye.

Ngokutsho kweengcali, ingqalelo lo mshini unalo isandi mgangatho uphezulu ngokwemiqathango ngokweenkcukacha kunye nokucaca kwedatha ingoma.

Imveliso ezaziwayo-kakuhle zilandelayo, kuthengiswa phantsi uphawu Kanye Research - P70 umsindo. Ngenxa yoko, le ngesibetho-mbini. Umculo abalandeli wazibuza ukuba kutheni olunye-iphela ityhubhu msindo kudlala ngaphezu ngesibetho-mbini, ezinye ukutshintsha imbono yabo ngempumelelo izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukumamela umculo ngelixa usebenzisa isixhobo kwengxelo. Developers sesimangalo P70 kuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu isandi kwi igunya isixhobo omhle kakhulu - watts ngaphezulu kwama-70.

Ngokutsho kweengcali, lesixhobo kuqhagamshelwa kweziseko yiacoustic, ukwakha kakhulu umthwalo umxhelo. Isixhobo kuthethwa nayo luphawulwa nsimbi uhlobo. Ukuba sicinga tube yokukhulisa kakhulu ukuphulaphula umculo rock - le P70 isixhobo ngokufanelekileyo kukhonjwe izisombululo phambili.

Phakathi iimveliso-ophele single eyaziwa athengiswe phantsi uphawu Kanye Research - device Preludio. Kwakhona isebenza eklasini A. Kukho abasetyenziswa tetrode enamandla KT88. Devaysa mandla watts-14. Ngoko ke, lo mshini kufuna iziseko yiacoustic, ukuba novakalelo ngokwaneleyo phezulu.

McIntosh

Enye brand ezaziwayo-kakuhle evelisa yokukhulisa - US corporation McIntosh. abathandi abaninzi umculo bezibuza - yintoni ityhubhu wokukhulisa ilungileyo, ikakhulu kube iimveliso iphezulu umgangatho kunye kanye isixhobo, apho ziveliswa phantsi brand McIntosh. Le nkampani - phakathi ezaziwa kakhulu ehlabathini labavelisi izixhobo ezirekhodiweyo abangakwaziyo ka Hi-End.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba imveliso McIntosh MC275 yokuqala ukuvela emarikeni 1961. Ukususela ngoko, iye yaphunyezwa iqela lemisebenzi yokuphucula umgangatho, kodwa nangoku yenziwa phantsi kwegama yimbali. Enyanisweni, lo amandla kwisixhobo cishe enye imveliso egqwesileyo ehlabathini kwi icandelo Hi-End. Le fowuni isebenzisa KT88 isibane. amandla sesimangalo ngu 75 watts kwimo kokudlala yesitiroyo.

Audio Note

Enye brand ezaziwayo-kakuhle yokukhulisa kurhwebo - Audio Qaphela. Phakathi iimveliso zayo kakhulu ithandwa - Meishu Phono. Mhlawumbi oku ityhubhu amp ilungileyo ingxenye yalo, ukuba ingqalelo izixhobo ezifanelekileyo malunga nokungqinelana kunye ukusulungeka zobugcisa. Ngoko ke, oko akazibandakanyi nayiphi na semiconductor. Xa isakhiwo umbane ekhoyo devaysa sombane 3, 3 kenotron kunye 2 umcephe wokunyusa. Xa output transistors yeqonga zisetyenziswa 300B. Xa kukho uyilo ngombhobho Inqanaba ityhubhu phono olusebenzayo. isixhobo kujongwa unawo amandla ngokwanelisayo obulula, nto leyo watts 9. Noko ke, le fowuni iyahambelana neentlobo ezininzi izixhobo ngaphandle ive.

Ukumisela ezona ongenawo ityhubhu wokukhulisa audio kusekelwe embonweni zesimo umsebenzi wakhe kunzima. Noko ke, kufutshane isisombululo ingxaki enjalo ukuba ukuthelekisa imifuziselo ezithile kwezixhobo kwi iimpawu eziphambili zihlalutywe imida efanelekileyo.

Ukukhetha lo mshini ilungileyo: umfuziselo uthelekiso parameters

Zeziphi parameters nga ozakuthathwa isitshixo? Indlela yokufumana ziingcali zale mihla, iimpawu zibalulekileyo kule meko kungaba:

- amandla;

- uluhlu frequency ;

- inqanaba ukufiphala harmonic;

- umlinganiselo umqondiso kunye nesandi;

- imigangatho inkxaso yonxibelelwano;

- inqanaba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Kwelinye icala, ezi parameters ke izotywe kwi ixabiso ifowuni.

Khetha sesimangalo: power

Ngokumalunga eyokuqala i parameter - amandla, oko kumelwa kuluhlu olubanzi. Eliphezulu iinjongo ezininzi, luphawulwa ukusetyenziswa amp tube, oyintsobi zomyalelo Watts 35. Kodwa ke abantu abaninzi abathanda umculo ukwanda wamkelekile kulo ixabiso - umzekelo, ukuya Watts 50.

Noko ke, abaninzi Soup eliphezulu ahambelanayo umsebenzi uhlobo mihla ngokupheleleyo yaye amandla malunga 12 watts. Kakade ke, kwiimeko ezininzi, kufuneka ukudibanisa ive iziseko ophezulu yokusebenza. Kodwa ke ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo olusebenzayo odiyo - enye ukusetyenziswa olusisinyanzelo iimpawu, enyanisweni, i izixhobo kumbuzo. Kutheni amp ithumbu ngcono iinguqulelo ezintsha kwezixhobo - umbuzo engenaso ezifanelekileyo kwizithandwa ezininzi umculo, njengoko ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubonakala practice ngokongama injongo izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwiqhosha parameters. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba uvavanyo kunye nokusetyenziswa bobuqili yokukhulisa enombala, bathi bazama ukwenza izixhobo pre-ukulungele ukuba uyazanelisa na iimfuno aphezulu.

frequency

Ngokuphathelele iimpawu rhoqo lo mshini - inqweneleka kakhulu ukuba kuluhlu-20 ukuya ku-20 amawaka Hz .. Nangona, kufanele kuphawulwe kakhulu ezinqabileyo izixhobo zale mihla abenzi ekuthethwa, wayinikela imarike yokukhulisa loo nto ukuhlangabezana nale njengekhrayitheriya. Kunzima ukufumana kwi icandelo Hi-End, engaquki ncam siphile ngokuvisisana parameters isitishi elikhankanyiweyo izixhobo. Phofu ke, xa uthenga amp tube, umzekelo, ukusuka brand kancinane-yaziwa, iyavakala ukukhangela le uluhlu apho ixhasa rhoqo.

uhlaba harmonic

Ngokubhekiselele ubugqwetha harmonic, kungakuhle ukuba akukho ngaphezulu 0.6%. Enyanisweni, lo nani lingaphantsi kwe - ngcono isandi. Ityhubhu sesimangalo ngcono icandelo ethile kuxhomekeke ikakhulu ngokusekelwe izalathi si zokunikwa uhlaba harmonic. Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba inani ahambelanayo - ayonto ibalulekileyo ngokuphathelele ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho sound elungileyo. Noko ke, le parameter ubonakalise Impendulo ive input uphawu kwezibonelelo. Kunokuba nzima practice ukunika reactions zovuselelo ive xa kulinganiswa njengokuba kusenziwa ngexesha ukudlalwa lwemiqondiso ngokwenene. Kodwa brand mihla abenzi yokukhulisa ityhubhu bazama ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinga lisezantsi uhlaba harmonic. izixhobo umfuziselo Luxury ekwaziyo yokubonelela kwayo kwinqanaba elingagqithanga 0.1%. Kakade ke, indleko ibe ngaphezulu obungako kunokuba bekhuphisana imifuziselo kunye THD ephezulu, kodwa ixabiso umba audiophile kule imeko inokuba njalo kubaluleke yesibini.

Uphawu-to-ingxolo ratio

I Parameter elandelayo - umlinganiselo uphawu ingxolo, yokukhulisa ityhubhu mihla badla ingqinelana ngokomfanekiso 90 dB okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokubanzi, eli xabiso kunokuthathwa njengento eqhelekileyo kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa iimpawu bezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, nokuba zimelwe ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba lo msebenzi - ukukhetha msindo elungileyo tube iphela olunye-okanye, umzekelo, tyhala-ukutsalwa, cinga sicwangciso akayi ibonise cala ukhuphiswano kwisixhobo esithile. Noba indlela, kungona inani ahambelanayo - ngcono. Kunqweneleka ukuba abe ngaphantsi kwe-70 Ezinye iindlela msindo phezulu zinika uphawu umlinganiselo ingxolo ngaphezulu kwe 100 dB inqanaba. Kodwa amaxabiso azo, njengoko kwimeko ukufiphala harmonic, kunokuba isimanga.

ezinye iinketho

I nezinye iparameters - inkxaso kwemigangatho ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, zibalulekile kodwa aphakamileyo. Bona iyavakala ukuhlawula ingqalelo ilingana kwiziphawuli esiye sayiqwalasela ngasentla nezinye izinto. Kunjalo, kuba msindo yanamhlanje nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo inkxaso inani elaneleyo ngababini stereo - 4, imveliso audio lokurekhoda umsindo. Ngokuphathelele amandla - izinga layo elilelona imalunga 280 watts.

Kakade ke, xa ucinga msindo ityhubhu ukudlala ngcono indima yeemeko ezininzi ezikhathazayo. Amaninzi, abathandi zomculo kuhlolwa ngokungqinelana Soup, ngokusekelwe zabo: uyilo, ukwakha umgangatho, i-odiyo izalathi kwinqanaba ergonomics.

Zonke iparameters ingentla kuthelekiswa ixabiso isixhobo ukuba angamelwa kuluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwamaxabiso. Ke umntu lowo akanayo umba ingakumbi efanelekileyo ngaphezu kokuba transistor ityhubhu amp ilungile, ngenxa yokuba uyayazi impendulo kuyo, ixabiso, njengoko sibonile ngentla apha, akakwazi kuhlala ithathwe njengekhrayitheriya ibalulekileyo xa ukhetha devaysa ukuba aququzelele ukuphulaphula umculo owuthandayo.