T-35: Iinkcukacha zobugcisa, inkcazelo, iifoto

Malunga edume eSoviet "amashumi amathathu anesine" siva, mhlawumbi bonke. Kwaye ukuba ukubuza ukuba yintoni na i-T-35, abaninzi baya kukuxelela ukuba ihlaziywa ezingamashumi amathathu anesine. Kodwa ke inyaniso akuyi kuba, ngenxa yokuba uphuhliso imodeli 35th ulungiselelo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, kunye nokhuseleko efanayo, kodwa firepower eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Elithabathela umfanekiso ngentla ibonisa ukuba itanki kwaye akafuni ngokusondeleyo Ndifana T-34. Elinye icala Ngenxa crew amanani omkhulu, ngokupheleleyo izixhobo ezahlukeneyo - uluhlu iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunokuba obungunaphakade. Uye ongenakuwelwa imfazwe lonke njengoko mathathu ukukhanya moya yesine, kodwa sekunjalo waphumelela kwimbali ndawo kushishino Soviet. Ngenxa iinkcukacha zalo, esiza kuthetha ngayo ngezantsi, lo matshini abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo kakhulu. Nantso into ebizwa ukuba - itanki enzima T-35. Ngezantsi, sicinga zonke iimpawu, eziluncedo nezingeloncedo "silo kaStalin" njengoko yayibizwa ngexesha ukukhululwa yayo.

project

Ngo 1930, iinjineli Soviet ufumana ukuze kuphuhliswe itanki enzima. Imele uye kungena inkonzo ekupheleni kuka-1938 ukuya kowama-level support umlilo lamatanki kunye izibalo elihamba. Ikopi yokuqala kulindeleke ngoSeptemba 1933, yaye nangona yaqaliswa, kodwa olu guqulelo kwafunyanwa inani lokusilela ezibalulekileyo, enye yazo non-yokusebenza ngompu ephambili. Kamva, le modeli wafumana igama elithi "itanki enzima T-35-1" (yayikhona kuze 1936).

Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva koko, ngoNovemba, iprojekthi entsha, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iintsilelo unqwenela ukuba basebenze amatanki eliphakathi T-26 ne T-28 kunye. Umphumo waba imoto entsha ngokupheleleyo. Utshintsho baba iilori itanki, amancinci, aphakathi, iinqaba kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezingephi.

Noko ke, ngo-1933 eSoviet itanki enzima T-35 ingena imveliso. Nakule yonke kwendalo kwesango the eKharkov kaloliwe Works ngaphandle iimoto 61 AMAGQABAZA ▸-2. Liyeke itanki sagqitywa ngowe-1939, kodwa ke, nangona oku, zonke inguqulelo entsha wayenazo yokuhlaziywa yakhe.

design

Emkhosini wavuka Itanki kanye enzima. isikrweqe Okuye kwabethelelwa, izixhobo ezongezelelweyo - yonke into yayenzelwe ukuba ahlale uze ubambe izikhundla kummandla utshaba. Kodwa ke ngelo xesha wathi isantya abakhi kufuneka ibe 28 km / h. Case itanki nge welding zentsimbi, nezinyuko angumndilili leyo 20 mm. Ukuze kuphuculwe indlela kwezinye iindawo kusetyenziswa riveting. ezinde angaphathi waba millimitha-30 isikrweqe.

Ezomva injini. Ukufikelela yokuba inxalenye ngasemva emazantsi 13 izivingco. Kananjalo ukukhuhla eyahlukileyo yokufikelela kwi-gumbi injini. Ngexesha intshukumo ukukhuhla luvaliwe cap vehicles, apho imvelaphi inyuselwa air cleaner cap. Kwakhona kufutshane ukukhuhla a neentanda zimbalwa amalungiselelo ukulungiselela ukufikelela umoya radiators. Kufuphi nokuhlangana injini kwi gumbi esifanayo iProtokholi: 4 ngezantya phambili, enye umva. Udibaniso phakathi kwabo nge iklatshi engundoqo, leyo iziqhoboshi band. Yena a-ethe, lwaphulwa rhoqo. Ngexesha lemfazwe, inkoliso matanki zayekwa kanye ngenxa yokusilela le yunithi.

Chassis ukuba rubberised izileyi 8 no-6 inkxaso. Driving amavili - ngasemva. Front - komzila. Va isikhokelo kunye nenkxaso efakiweyo izileyi eyongezelelweyo, ezibe ukuthintela aphambuke yemizila xa enjengokugwencela imiqobo nkqo. Zonke nosaziwayo shelwe ngababini iilori itanki. Neenqwelo kwi kwizibiyeli zimiliselwe emacaleni etankini. Lo mgaqo mnye iqhotyoshelwe nongqameko zibe lusindiso. Kuba smooth nokubaleka, kwakunye ukuba boyise imiqobo olungephi sifakelwe iperi imithombo coil. Koqoqo, kwakunye nabanye isikrweqe wenziwa kwiiseli ezininzi.

Enye iimpawu ezendeleyo ngaphakathi etankini ibizwa ngokuba ubukho ezinde-5. Waba mde yayingesosigqibo entsha. ongakhetha ezinjalo sele isetyenziswe kwiinguqulelo lighter. Kodwa ezinde ezintlanu kuphela kwi-T-35. Iimpawu sihlolisise on.

Tower namathala

Njengoko itanki eqhelekileyo, iinqaba ezintlanu wema embindini nakumphezulu lomzimba, kungekho yayigcinwa, ezibe models prototype. inqaba Main yafakwa kwisiseko amathandathu, apho zinganye iivili kubuso ngobuso yayo ezamahala amalungiselelo iibhloko yokudala lomsi. Yaqala umpu 72-millimitha - eyongeziweyo lobeko itanki ngompu we kwisampula kunyaka 1927.

Zonke iinqaba ezintlanu ezicwangciswe kwimiqolo emithathu. EsiSiseko, ukuba enyangweni, yinto ezintlu eliphezulu. Le tier eliphakathi - iperi iinqaba ezahlukeneyo, apho shaka 45-nawethu. Kwaye wenze ukuba ephantsi - eziliqela ezinde, apho kwakukho imipu machine. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba T-35 wayengekho imipu ezimbini umatshini (ukuba inani ezinde), kunye nezinye ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye matanki yaba umpu kwi lomqhubi aqandusele, ibekwe ngaphambili ngasekhohlo.

Gun turrets ye enamanqanaba wesibini shelwe ngababini kunye umpu machine. Guns nako mayixhonywe ecaleni umpu lusetyenziswayo ucango lwenqaba engundoqo.

Ezinde ze amacandelo yesibini neyesithathu zimelene kwikonw ngekona. Cannon ngayo kumphambili ekunene kwaye isibuko. Machine gun, ngasemva ngokulandelelana, ngaphambili, ekhohlo, kwicala lasekunene kwenqaba engundoqo.

Yongeza ukuba nezikhali 96 ngenxa kweqokobhe ephambili, 220 ukuba imitha-45 guns elide. Kwimpahla yaba umatshini-umpu iimbumbulu-10 000. Ngoko ke, itanki enzima T-35 kwezikhali kungathelekiswa ngamandla amancinane, firepower leyo wayelingana uhlobo amatanki amathathu lighter.

crew

Series kwamatanki nga kubizwa a elula. iqela ngalinye ukuba iimpawu zayo zoyilo, ngenxa apho inani labasebenzi ezahlukeneyo koomatshini ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ingoma odumileyo "Three Tank Crew" akazange abhale malunga nale itanki. T-35 ukusuka 9 emntwini-11 abasebenzi. Kwangaxeshanye, kwezinye iimeko, umntu omnye wenza imisebenzi emininzi.

Umzekelo, thatha qela labantu-10. Ezintathu ibekwe inqaba engundoqo, lo mkhosi (aka gunner), umqhubi irediyo (icala) kunye gunner umatshini. Iiperi ezine uhlale kwi turrets umpu - le gunner kunye gunner. Ezinde Umatshini-umpu umntu omnye. Ekugqibeleni, omnye umntu - umqhubi.

Ngaphambili kunye iinqaba angasemva ziye zidityaniswe uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwabo ulwahlulo engundoqo uyahlukana ngakumbi. Unako kwakhona uqaphele ukuba uyilo zange ukubonelela intshukumo ngaphakathi etankini. Ngasinye waba izivingco ayo aba belungu bayehluthe kubo. Yahlula ukukhuhla Kwakhona lijoni, ukwenza imisebenzi yomqhubi.

isixhobo sombane

Into umdla kukuba nonyeliso phezu kwentungo yenqaba leyo inde ayenziwanga icocwe, njengoko kwenziwe ii nkwili. Ngelo nonyeliso yaba umsebenzi kabini. Ukongeza apho, nazo ixhasa i-eriyali ukuze irediyo, lusidla 12 V. Kwakhona Radios itanki une ifowuni yombane (ababhalisi 7) kunye nenkqubo dymopuska. Kwi drive waza wajika nenqaba enkulu. Kulo mzekelo, nabayili ziye umqondiso enqanda uqoqo gunner ku gqiba ukuba izivingco zivulekile.

bendlela

Hayi ngaphandle kuneengxaki zako. guns ezithathu avunyelwa ukuba umlilo ngeenxa, kodwa wakhokelela ingxaki koyilo, ukwandisa inani labasebenzi kunye ubunzima bayo, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni iingxaki zokuhamba. Yobungakanani ikwachaphazela izakhono idrafti-injini, ngokufuthi kusebenza kulo mda. Makhe ukufaka apha nathi ukuba itanki babeye ukusebenza ongayaziyo. Made by kude phambili ezinqunquthayo ivaliwe kakhulu ngokutsha, yaye umqhubi waba kwindawo enye kwaye kwezinye amatanki, - phambili, phakathi kwabo. Zonke ezi nkcukacha zidibene ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo T-35.

iimpawu Zempi sashiya kakhulu ukuba ezinqwenelekayo. Ngesantya eliphantsi uphume wenza iintonga ezibuthathaka itanki ekujoliswe ebalaseleyo. Bobubi abo, kwaye uyilo ukukhuhla ukuba umqhubi. Vula ukuba ukuphuma kunokuba kuphela xa ngaba athunyelwe ekhohlo phambi umatshini-gun nqaba ukuba izixhobo "ekhohlo kwi kwibhodi." Ngoko ke, ukuba zonakaliswe ukuba ngumnikazi umqhubi akakwazi.

Ukulungiswa. Kubanjwe enganelisekanga

LeMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu lamatanki T-35 phantse akazange inxaxheba. izinto 7 zaphela imfazwe ngowe-1941, 6 phantsi ukulungiswa, kwaye 35 bashiya kwaye yatshatyalaliswa nabasebenza kuzo ngenxa breakdowns. Ngokunxulumene ezingalunganga ngentla intsimi engundoqo amanyathelo ezi iitanki kwakukho kwimiju- zomkhosi 1933-1941 gg.

Ngowe-1938 KhPZ ecetywayo ukuba rearm i T-35 lelona shaka entsha 76-ezinga- A-10 endaweni CT, kodwa ubulungiseleli emkhosini, olu khetho zingamkelwa, ekhala ukuba umlo ochasene iithagethi vehicles ngokwaneleyo imipu ezimbini 45-millimitha, nokupheleka elihamba namandla ngokwaneleyo CT . Ke kunyaka ophelileyo itanki kwaye ishiya umpu engundoqo 72 mm. Akukho mntu owaziyo ukuba bekuya kuba ngo-1944 (ngokuzalwa imipu-85 mm), oko yabuyela imodeli T-35-85. itanki T-34 umpu lowo, yaye kwiminyaka yokugqibela imfazwe, kwakunye nezinye izimpi ziye zasetyenziswa kuphela T-34-85. Isikhundla ziqala njengoko T-34 ne-85 mm kunaso. Kubulungisa kufanele kuchazwe ukuba itanki enye T-35 bathatha inxaxheba iimfazwe 1945, kodwa kwicala le amaJamani. AmaJamani hit iimodeli 35 eshiyiwe zikwazile ukubuyisela iinjineli German.

Ehlabathini kwiminyaka efanayo, ngenxa ka-T-35 uqala ukuphuhlisa esingazihambeliyo - Su-14. Umahluko ophambili sabulawa isahlulo inqaba, lo gama umzimba imoto uvavanyo kuhlala ingaguqukanga. Endaweni ezinde zokudubula esingazihambeliyo got endlwaneni enye banzi, kwaye ifakwe 203-ezinga- howitzer 1931, isampuli endaweni umpu (eyaziwa ngokuba B-4). Ngenxa ubude umphanda liye lathatha ndlwana isabelo diff ukuba kuqulathe utshintsho yangaphakathi: imoto, kunye ugqithiso iye wafudukela kwinxalenye ngaphambili. ACS crew yayiquka 7. Ngowe-1937, umsebenzi ufakelo emkhenkceni wambuyisela kuphela ngo-1940, inani zokuguqulwa, kwaye inguqulelo entsha ye inombolo yekhowudi ufumana SU-14-2.

Ngowe-1936, wabonakala ukulungiswa Su-14 - howitzer indawo yi-153 mm kunaso amandla aphezulu (eyaziwa ngokuba BL-2). Emva kokuba iinguqulelo efanayo 1940, yena kuqala yaba eyaziwa ngokuba Su-14-1, ngoko - SU-14-BR-2.

Zombini ezi ziganeko ezazicwangciselwe ukuba basebenze kwi Mannerheim Line, kodwa ukulungiswa (iminyaka 1939-1940) kwenzeka kunye ukuqhwalela na ixesha, yaye umkhosi bamkela kakhulu kamva.

Ngo-1938 waqalisa uphuhliso entsha T-112. Le modeli kwase ukukhonza njengoko T-28. Ukusuka T-35 wacwangciswa waboleka isisu semoto, kodwa olu khetho eseleyo kwi inyathelo mfanekiso.

iimpawu technical

Amanye amanani kwisicatshulwa sele inikwe. Apha sithetha abaseleyo parameters leyo, baphahlwe itanki T-35. iimpawu Technical yenjini zilandelayo:

• IsiBeki - M7T.

• Capacity - Iilitha ezingama-500. a.

• Iindawo ezinika umdla Isantya - 30 km / h.

• uluhlu ingami - 200 km.

Kulo mzekelo, ezi data thelekisa kuphela Ukuhamba ukuya kwi emendweni. Movement ngale ndlela ubumdaka, la manani ehle ngaphezu kwesiqingatha. Itanki emalunga neetoni 50 kwitanki - Iilitha ezingama-900, ukuphakama - 5430 mm, ububanzi - 3200 mm, ubude - 9700 mm. ukucoca Ground - 530 mm.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iqela ngalinye ukuba utshintsho yayo, ububanzi yeentonga, ngokunjalo yokusebenza injini aliguqukanga. ESoviet itanki T-35 isikrweqe wavuka amanani alandelayo: 20 mm - ukutya, icala, ezantsi, inxalenye ngokungqalileyo; 10 mm - neenqaba gunwale isiciko egubungele ukumiswa; 50 mm - Front Iphepha uthambekele - inxalenye kuphela abangenanto isikrweqe idibana imigangatho angels. Kulo mzekelo uphahla lwezindlu, phambili umganyana le ikhasi ukuba okusuka kwe-10 mm.

okwangoku,

Ukusuka kukhululwa 61 RKKA itanki (Red Army) wafumana iiyunithi 48. I-13 eseleyo saa kwisikolo emkhosini okanye inani ukulungiswa. T-35-2 (enye AMAGQABAZA ▸) kuwo imyuziyam, kunye T-35-1 kuyekiswa ngo-1936. Okwangoku ehlabathini kukho-2 kuphela iikopi. Itanki phantsi inani 0197-7 ngo-1938 baya Kazan kwitanki School, kusiliwa naye imfazwe yokwenene abazange bathathe inxaxheba. Ngoku isiziba museum yaye Kubinka (saseRashiya), kwiMyuziyam of transport. Nangoku abe ngumsebenzi kwikhaya (!) Yaye injini siyahamba.

Ikopi yesibini nguye kwi Museum, e Yekaterinburg. Itanki ukusungulwa evela imizobo nemifanekiso kwisiza okubuyiswa "Uralelectromed". Le sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe yathatha phantse 5 iinyanga, nokuncipha uguqulelo ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka iikopi zantlandlolo-1930.

lwavuka

T-35 (1:35 - oko kukuthi isikali wayo), iveliswa Chinese. Basebenzisa umfuziselo kwiinguqulelo ezintathu - itanki ekuqaleni (omnye exweseneyo enkulu phezu kwenqaba main), umba de 1938 (izivingco ezimbini uqoqo moya) kunye kade - Issue 1938-1939.

Itanki eyenziwe ngeplastiki ngenaliti xa sisakhula. Kwiseti kukho ezinye iindawo yesinyithi. Ukongeza kukho ukhetho lengoma ezisebenzayo. Kule isikali efanayo imizekelo wavelisa ngexesha elinye naseRashiya. Isikali esifanayo kunye neemodeli Ukrainian, kodwa kuba mzuzwana umba nalo kupheliswa.

Beza Russian ngaphandle imifuziselo edition limited yaye ngomlinganiselo eyahlukileyo. T-35 (1:72 - isikali model) saqhotyoshelwa kule magazini "kwamatanki Russian» (№ 18). Le ndlela inye zingathengwa evela kumenzi Polish (ngokuqinileyo Modelkrak).

"Inkwenkwezi"

Okokugqibela, enye inkampani Russian isaziso sokukhululwa ukuba abalandeli hayi nje kuphela, kuba nabani na ofuna ukuba kokuqokelelwa yakhe Soviet itanki enzima T-35. "Inkwenkwezi", inkampani leyo eyaziwa kakuhle bonke abaqokeleli, labhengeza ekuqaleni 2016 malunga kusondele imifanekiso ezishelfini engoovimba online.

Ingakumbi kugubha geometry kakuhle ukwenzela kwaye iinkcukacha le modeli. isithembiso ulwazi lokuqala kwisikali 1:35 kunye ubude abangama-28 cm. Itanki iya yenziwe ungamalungu 428. Ixabiso eliqikelelwayo iqala ukususela 2000 engange.

isiphelo

Njengabo amandla amaninzi phambili kushishino itanki, eSoviet Union wakhupha ilizwe lakhe ndiyingwenya - itanki pyatibashenny T-35. Kodwa bayahlelwa oonyana Isiphelo sakhe waphinda efanayo kwamanye amazwe. injini isikrweqe amandla, yenzelwe ukuba umatshini enjalo, - itanki nokuba nethuba lokuba amalungiselelo ngokwabo ezijikeleze ulwandle lomlilo, kwaye abangenzanga nto ngaphambili. Abo iisampulu ukuze bafikelele, ngenxa amaphutha ayo akabuyiselwa.