Suzdal, Pokrovsky Monastery: imbali, inkcazelo, olunomdla

Ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe lethu idume sites zayo zembali kwisixeko samandulo Russian of Suzdal. lesikhumbuzo nganye, ibekwe kumhlaba, ngaphandle ubaxo kubizwa ngokuba wobugcisa nje kuphela eRussia kodwa ihlabathi izakhiwo.

Namhlanje sifuna ukumema kuhambo idesktop ukuya Suzdal kuwe. Pokrovsky Monastery umdla omkhulu kubakhenkethi, yaye ke ngoko siya kutyelela weemonki.

indawo

Woonongendi ukwakweli kweenxweme ubangel Kamenka River, ethwala amanzi yawo Suzdal. izakhiwo White, zibekwe phezu engcotyeni, eqhotyoshelwe woonongendi ethile yenzeka, iimbono fabulous. Yaye ngenene Kamenka - umlambo Intle kakhulu, ngokukodwa ngoJuni, xa igutyungelwe kweentyatyambo iinyibiba ngamanzi. We wazise bonke abo uceba ukutyelela Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) Idilesi Convent: ul. Bambongozayo, 76.

Imbali woonongendi

Iindonga ongengowale ndalo yamandulo ephethe iimfihlelo ezininzi izibakala umdla, esekhona kuvusa umdla omkhulu phakathi mbali nabaphandi. Into yokuba zange yokuhlala woonongendi Pokrovsky ngengqiqo eqhelekileyo yeli gama: ibizwa ukukhonza unxibelelwano ubomi oomama oluphezulu. Ngokufuthi abayi uphelelwa apha ezinye izono ezinzulu, kodwa kuphela ngenxa yokuba umntu kwakufuneka yokuzifumana. Ko- ngenkani whiled kude iintsalela ubomi babo iiseli iinkuni, nakwizibetho zabo kokuvalelwa, ngoko ke weemonki kwakukho crypt komhlaba, apho wagqiba bakhe basemhlabeni ubugqibe lilishwa.

Kukholelwa ukuba imbonakalo yazo Virgin Holy Monastery (Suzdal) iyafuneka ummangaliso. Njengoko ilivo yamandulo, Prince Andrew K. wabuyela kwidolophu yakowabo Nizhny Novgorod, xa umoya ovuthuzayo amandla ibonwe. Prince isibhambathiso ukuba asinde, ngoko qiniseka ukuba ukwakha kwidolophu Esendaweni yakhe yokuhlala emishini. Kufuneka kuthathwe ukuba hambo yagqitywa ngempumelelo njengoko ngo-1364 waqalisa ukuyakha abathethelele Monastery (Suzdal) ebhankini nakumgongxo Kamenka River. Imbali woonongendi ibalwa ngo 1364.

Bade St. Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) ekufikelelwe ebudeni bolawulo Vasily III. Wanikela woonongendi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVI, izixa iinkuntyula zemali eziye zasetyenziswa xa kusakhiwa Gates Holy esekhona kunye St. Basil Cathedral, kwaye iingcingo liyalondolozwa kunye neeseli.

ndela eliyimfihlakalo

Omnye yokuqala ebonakalayo amabanjwa ababhinqileyo weemonki waba ngumfazi Vasily III Solomonia Saburova - Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa. Ngowe-1525 Vasily III utyhole umfazi wakhe, naye waphila iminyaka engamashumi ukungachumi. Wabanyanzela izifungo abe indela ize ithunyelwe kwi Pokrovsky Monastery. Ngaloo mihla, ukuqhawula umtshato ezazingekho, kunye nokufumana kumagunya nezenkolo imvume komnye umtshato, Vasily III ipha enkulu kuphuhliso weemonki.

Noko ke, kungekudala kwacaca ukuba Basil III izityholo ukungachumi ne sabulaleka. Kwiinyanga eziliqela emva kwesibhambathiso, kunye USolomon unyana, kodwa ngenxa yokoyika maqhinga umfazi omtsha Owayesakuba ngumyeni Eleny Glinskoy (unina elizayo Ivan labangcangcazelisi), kwanyanzeleka ukuba ingxelo ukufa yenene.

Kukho ingcamango yokuba uSolomon wathumela umntanakho iCrimea Khan, owathi kamva wadlala indima kwimbali, waye waduma isela Kudeyar. Emva kokuba izibhambathiso Solomonia Sofia wafumana igama icawa lamiselwa njengoko St. emva kokufa Sofiya Suzdalskaya. Kamva, kwabonwa njengoko umxhasi Suzdal.

Imbali ezilandelayo woonongendi

Ngowe-1551, xa intombi eneminyaka ubudala wafa Ivana Groznogo, akhulelwe icawa yaphinda yakhiwa umyalelo wakhe, owathatha ezidilikileyo yi ngexesha ngesakhiwo somthi (ngenkulungwane XIV). Apse oko akwenza emva (ngenkulungwane XVII.) Kakhulu. Ehlabathini ngexesha elifanayo woonongendi kwakukho endlini kwaye baqhubeka nokwakhiwa ucingo, owaqala kwinkulungwane XVI.

Suzdal, Pokrovsky Monastery ngenkulungwane XX

Kanye uninzi iindawo zonqulo eRashiya, woonongendi yavalwa, baphanga ngo-1923. Ukususela ngo-1933, kwakukho ilebhu zebhayoloji imfazwe, Bureau of Special Purpose GPU - umbutho apho amabanjwa wasebenza. Ezi abanamava ziingcali ze amakhono ezahlukeneyo. Bonke bephela bekwi kuphuhliso izikhali. Ngowe-1935, amabanjwa B. Ya. Elbert kunye NA gai wadala apha lugonyo tularemia. Laboratory babesebenza woonongendi de 1936.

Xa gqira yenkulungwane wokugqibela izakhiwo emishini bathwalwa umsebenzi wokulungisa, yaye kamva baba Imiboniso imyuziyam. Kwi yee- emva kwexesha ise esimbaxa babakhenkethi, nto leyo yokutyela kunye bar, xa Cathedral zobungangamela kuMoses, yaba holo yekonsathi. Kukho nokuba wabonakala ehotele abakhenkethi, kodwa siya kuthi ngayo kamva.

Ekupheleni koo-, iinguqu ezenzeka kweli lizwe, abachaphazelekayo kwisixeko Suzdal. Pokrovsky isigodlo ngo-1992, iye wabuyela kulo ibandla, ukuba indiphilisile igunya ngokuphila emishini. Namhlanje ke eMonastri ukusebenza. Yena ingumnini yecawa, izindlu, almshouses ukwakha, njengephempe-iiseli.

bokwakha

Izakhiwo zokuqala banikwa ngamaplanga. Namhlanje siyakwazi ukubona izakhiwo kutshanje ngakumbi, apho iingcali ungasibaleli kwinkulungwane XVI. iindonga ilitye elimhlophe, izakhiwo ezimangalisayo idibanisa kunye izinto ezindala Russian kwaye Western, lokubhalela esulungekisiweyo.

Kodwa, Kakade ke, lesikhumbuzo iphambili yale lomculo limangalisayo i Pokrovsky Cathedral Pokrovsky yoonongendi in Suzdal. Yakhiwa 1518 kwisiza webandla ngamaplanga. Ngelishwa, amagama iinkosi zange zigcinwe kwimbali. Le omkhulu isakhiwo-intsika amane ukuba okukwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye ejikelezwe yi ezinemigangatho emibini gallery evulekileyo emacaleni emithathu, ukuze leyo izinyuko ezimbini egqubuthele.

Ukususela uMlambo isakhiwo ekufuphi nebheyi ingcwele iiwindow eziphakamileyo ibekwe ezingontsingontsini enzulwini. Apse bahlukana imiqolo anencasa lihombise lwesakhiwo eqingqiweyo ezicukucezwe zancinane bafaniswe. Le iyaphindwa kuyilo namagubu ukukhanya, uvutho- cupola ntloko. Iindonga isonto, yahlulwe yaba iincakuba ezintathu. Baye bagqiba zakomars isiqu.

Embindini yecawa kakhulu olungqongqo; ezindongeni abamhlophe abanayo umzobo yemveli, imigangatho abamnyama magumbi. Umhombiso ephambili embindini bekusoloko icon ezintle nezimfakamfele obumangalisayo yokuluka. Ezinye zezi zinto inokubonwa namhlanje kulo myuziyam le weemonki. Cathedral sakhiwa izihlandlo ezininzi kwimbali yayo emide, kodwa inkangeleko yayo yoqobo kwabuyiselwa 1962.

anika umdla

1. Le ndlu yecawa waba yindawo yokungcwabela noonongendi abaninzi abadumileyo ngamagama weemonki.
2. Isigodlo kunye nebandla ngexesha ekubhiyozeleni tercentenary le Romanov ubukhosi watyelela UNikolai II.
3. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1994, ubhishophu Suzdal kunye Vladimirskiy Evlogy wawungcwalisa Cathedral ye kuMoses, lo Virgin. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, a ezine-iconostasis entsha ifakwe apha, apho ezihonjiswe ii icon, owabhala nongendi.

belfry

Esi sakhiwo ngoko nangoko ukubona wonke umntu oza Suzdal. Pokrovsky isigodlo has a intsimbi inqaba omhle kakhulu. It ibekwe kumntla-ntshona le yecawa. inxalenye yawo olusezantsi stolpoobraznaya yicawe eyakhiwa ngo-1515. Kwaba libe, zinezihloko a cupola. Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XVII kwicawa yayakhiwe phezu enamanqanaba enhle, idibanisa kunye emi ecaleni kocingo, kwaye intente ephakamileyo, ihonjiswe ngeengcamba ezintathu iifestile neeDormer kwisakhelo.

gallery layigubungela edibanisa nenqaba intsimbi kunye yecawa, iphawulwa ukuhonjiswa ethe shinyi: archways ezimbini original rustication wabaphakamisa iifestile ezinamanqwanqwa kunye casings ezintle lahlulwe pilasters ndandisohlwaywa.

amasango ezingcwele

Enye lesikhumbuzo yamandulo woonongendi ke kwiSango oyiNgcwele kunye nesango Church. Ezi zithinteli kwakhona zinxulumene ku-1515. Gates iyodwa, kuqala kwiinto zonke, imisebenzi yazo; bobabini icawa nenqaba ende enamandla.

Treglavaya icawa ingabekwa phezulu kwe quadrangle, nto leyo zisikwe imingxunyana emibini enhle, kunye nokwakheka jikelele efana kakhulu kucacile i Pokrovsky Cathedral. Xa iimbombo ibandla kukho kwigumbi ezimbini ezincinane, nigcobe namagubu ukukhanya isigcina-uphahla, kwaye esembindini, igubu omkhulu ngakumbi iifestile lixhomekeke amanqanaba amabini zakomar.

Iindonga zangaphandle ezihonjiswe lokubhalela ephucukileyo efanayo-Egyptian. Gate Church, kakhulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo yakhiwa, kodwa ngowe-1958 umsebenzi wokulungisa kwenziwe AD yeprojekthi Varganova, wabuyela inkangeleko lokuqala lesikhumbuzo ekhethekileyo.

Trapeznaya Pokrovsky sigodlo (Suzdal)

Esi sakhiwo, ebekwe entla Pokrovsky Cathedral, uye okufanayo Poland kunokuba ezakhiwe Russian. Yakhiwa 1551. Ngu uhlobo engqongqo yokwakha igumbi enemigangatho emibini a ezikufutshane lokutyela na ibandla kakhulu ezincinane akhulelwe, leyo kuchongwa cupola encinane. ezimnyama Kuku iholo refectory, zibekwe kumgangatho wesibini, ukuxhasa intsika, emi embindini.

Umgangatho bomhlaba yabelwe kwiindawo zoshishino. Umhombiso kuphela kule sakhiwo ekunokuthiwa nezidanga ngohlobo iilozenji ngezitena ezibomvu, imvulophu ngeenxa isakhiwo ongaphandle kwebala. Kwicala lasentshonalanga kukho belfry ezinamacala amahlanu.

Refectory e Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) yayifudula singqongwe izakhiwo ezininzi. -Ezinemigangatho Single indlu, eyayisetyenziselwa ukupheka, elimiswe ngenkulungwane XVII. Namhlanje ivuselelwa ngumzekelo onge izakhiwo emishini.

an indlwana

In emazantsi woonongendi siyakhuselwa oqingqiweyo lwezakhiwo Russian yoluntu - endlini yayiyingozi. ngaphakathi kwayo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, babuyiselwa ngo-1970. Xa emqolombeni isakhiwo ibhegi ilitye ekuthiwa njalo-. Yiqulathe banjwa yokuhlala.

kocingo

Ucingo kakhulu yokuqala eMonastri ilitye yakhiwa emva kwinkulungwane XVI, yaye kamva ke ngokutsha izihlandlo eziliqela, yaye AD ngenkulungwane XX Varganov wawubuyisela. Ngesakhiwo i kocingo endala kunye inqaba intente, akanayo uhombiso, kokwabo kwinkulungwane XVII. Oku ise kwinxalenye esemantla ummandla futhi yakha okulala encinane labucala. Tower (kwekhulu XVIII), ezihonjiswe uphahla hemispherical, entle kakhulu. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba, mhlawumbi, ekuqalekeni ke waba canopied.

Hotel "ephilela"

abakhenkethi Russian angaphandle Mhle Suzdal yamandulo. Pokrovsky Monastery kufakwa kwiprogram phantse yonke imisebenzi. abahambi abaninzi bayamangaliswa ukuba emnyango woonongendi bebona izindlu zomthi ecocekileyo.

Eyona nto kukuba ixesha ukwaphulwa perestroika kwi woonongendi lalibekwe ihotele "ungandizami," i cottage isitayile. Babethanda ukuba bayeke abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe. Ngo-2008 ihotele yaphela ukusebenza kwayo, abe umninizo enempumelelo wanika izindlu weemonki. Ngoku nantsi i leenkedama for girls, kwakunye iiseli emishini.