Servo - ntoni na? Lungiselelo, ufakelo kunye nokusebenza actuator

Abantu abaninzi ubuza umbuzo: servo - ntoni na? isakhiwo servo Classical iquka injini, isivamvo ukubeka kunye nenkqubo loop emithathu (ulawulo indawo, uqina kwaye ngoku).

Igama elithi "servo" nguye Latin imvelaphi "servus", ngokoqobo eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "ikhoboka", "umncedisi", "umthumeli".

Ishishini engineering isixhobo wenza njengoko amacandelo abangabancedani (drive feed kwi isixhobo kumatshini, irobhothi, njalo njalo). Nangona kunjalo, le meko iye yatshintsha ngoku, yaye injongo ephambili actuator ilele ekuphunyezweni servos.

Kokufaka servo lowo wabonakalaliswa esenyameni, wagwetyelwa xa eqhelekileyo inverters elawula ngokuchaneka ngokwaneleyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka zibe nezixhobo, inqanaba eliphezulu yokusebenza.

Kweli nqaku uza kufunda malunga servo ntoni na nendlela esebenza ngayo.

Iindawo ukusetyenziswa kwefowuni

Kweli hlabathi apho esizisebenzelayo lithathe nkqi sikhundla zonke iinkalo zobunjineli, uyilo iindlela kakhulu iyunifomu. Ngelo xesha obandakanya ngamnye drives mihla.

Ukuze kufezekiswe servo ntoni na, ufanele wazi imihlaba kwefowuni.

Zizixhobo ziqulathe uyilo ngqo cruise in iirobhothi mveliso kunye nezixhobo machine kunye uvakalelo oluphezulu. Bona kuqatyeliswa izixhobo zokomba, iinkqubo zezithuthi ezahlukeneyo neendlela emntwini abangabancedani.

Zizixhobo kakhulu ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa afumaneka kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• ukwenziwa iphepha nokupakishwa;
• ukuvelisa oxwebhu metal;
• izinto obrabatyvanii;
• Ukuvelisa izixhobo zothutho;
• imboni iinkuni ;
• imveliso zezixhobo zokwakha.

Servo boko imoto

Kukho iindlela ezininzi actuators ngenxa boot umatshini kbavelisi ezahlukeneyo. Cinga ukusebenza isixhobo ezifana boot actuator ukusuka 'Avtozebra "Abalimi zasekhaya. Le fowuni ilungiselelwe iimoto Russian, kodwa hayi kuphela. Umzekelo, oku kusetyenziswa xa imoto "Reno Logan".

Ngokutsho umsebenzisi ingxelo, eli kuyilo inikeza lula. It ikuvumela kuthuthuzelwa imoto, ukwenza ukuvulwa nokuvalwa buti.

Isixhobo kulawulwa amaqhosha shelwe embindini isithuthi okanye iqhosha uphawu fob.

Isizathu sokuba ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi yesixhobo

Isizathu sokuba lixhaphakile actuators zezi:

• ithuba lokulawula, esibonakala ukuchaneka aphezulu kunye nokusebenza ezinzileyo;
• uluhlu olubanzi ulawulo speed;
• inqanaba eliphezulu sifo kuphazamiseko;
• ubukhulu amancinane ubunzima kwefowuni.

Umgaqo nokusebenza actuator

wenza njani na isixhobo? Servo, umgaqo osebenza isekelwe ingxelo evela kwenye okanye nangaphezulu Imiqondiso systemic, kulungisa into. isixhobo yemveliso ukubonisa na igalelo, apho kukho uthelekiso kunye nesenzo ukuqhuba.

Iimpawu lo mshini

isixhobo servo inemisebenzi ezimbini eziphambili:

• ukukwazi ukwandisa umthamo;
• ingxelo software data.

Yokukhulisa kufuneka ngenjongo yokuba amandla kwisiqhamo esinqwenelekayo liphezulu kakhulu (ivela kumthombo wangaphandle) kunye nezinga yayo ugwebu ayinamsebenzi.

Ingxelo - namnye ngaphandle busebenze evaliweyo-ngokwenzekayo, apho iziganeko hayi ifaniswe kwi igalelo nemveliso. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa ukulawula.

Ngoko ke kwisigqibo sokuba ngendlela umendo ngqo lo amandla samaza, yaye kwelinye icala - sixhobo yolwazi kuyimfuneko ukulawula nokuchaneka.

Nutrition kunye isinxibelelanisi isixhobo pinout

Servo siseko ukusebenza isebenzayo izimiselo ilawulwa radio-, niba abaqhubi ezintathu:

1. Umkhosi esandleni sakhe. On kuyo idluliselwe ukubetha ulawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ucingo elinombala namhlophe, naziiperile okanye obomvu.
2. Ukondla. izinga layo amandla isusela ukusuka 4.8 ukuya ku-6 V. Oku kudla wire ebomvu.
3. Ground. Wire emnyama okanye emdaka.

Ubukhulu drives

Ngokutsho imilinganiselo yunithi zahlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu:

• microactuators;
• ukuguqulwa eqhelekileyo;
• device enkulu.

Kukho actuators, kunye nezinye izalathi si zokunikwa ubukhulu, kodwa ngaphezu iintlobo akhawunti ye-95% yazo zonke izixhobo.

Eyona engundoqo iimpawu imveliso

umsebenzi actuator uphawuleka eziphambili parameters ezimbini: isantya ukujikeleza nomzamo kwizikhondo. Ixabiso lokuqala ngumlinganiselo kwexesha, nto leyo ulinganiswa kwimizuzwana. Ilinganiselwa yi mandla kg / cm, oko kukuthi, yintoni umgangatho umgudu ukuze aphuhlise iindlela ukusuka embindini ujikelezo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le parameter kuxhomekeke kwisixhobo zamabanga khona, nalapho ke kuphela inani uthumelo gear kumacandelwana kusetyenziswa izixhobo.

Njengokuba sele sitshilo, ngoku imveliso iindlela ukuba ukusebenza isalathiso lombane 4.8 ukuze 6 V. ezininzi Kwiimeko, oyintsobi liselikho 6 V. Noko ke, asingabo bonke onobuhle zenzelwe olubanzi uluhlu yombane. Ngamanye amaxesha motor servo isebenza kuphela 4.8 V okanye kuphela 6 (uqwalaselo yokugqibela eyathi kunqabile kakhulu).

Analog kanye ukuguqulwa digital

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, yonke yesekethe servo baba analog. Ke apho kunye noyilo digital. Yintoni umahluko umsebenzi wabo? Makhe nisinga ulwazi esemthethweni.

Ukususela inkampani Futaba ingxelo ukuba elishumi servos sentsimbi elidlulileyo abafani intsebenzo entle kakhulu yobugcisa ngaphezu ngaphambili kwaye kwakhona ubungakanani elincinane,-high speed kunye kwisalathiso izinto torsion.

Inqanaba lokugqibela uphuhliso - ukuvela izixhobo qho yedijithali. Ezi yunithi banamalungelo ezibalulekileyo nkqu iinjini yohlobo mbuthi. Nangona kukho ezinye downsides.

Xa ubajongile analog enzima kunye nezixhobo zedijithali. Iiyantlukwano irekhodwa kuphela kwi izixhobo motherboard. Endaweni chips kwi iyunithi isilawuli yedijithali kunokubonwa kuhlalutywa uphawu receiver. Ulawula enjinini.

Completely lwabantu lukholelwa ukuba analog kanye ukuguqulwa lwedijithali eyahlukileyo ngokwesiseko kulo msebenzi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba le injini enye, oomatshini kunye potentiometers (resistors variable).

Umahluko engundoqo indlela yokuxova uphawu receiver engenayo kunye ulawulo injini. Kuzo zombini amandla servo inikezelwa yi uphawu olufanayo kunomathotholo.

Ngoko ke, kucacile, servo, yintoni na?

Lo mgaqo uyasebenza zokuguqulwa analog

Uphawu analog eliphuma ukulungiswa simthelekisa kwindawo yangoku servomotor, ngoko ke imoto engena lo mshini, ebangela intshukumo motor kwindawo kwangaphambili yenkqubo uboniso frequency ke amaxesha-50 ngomzuzwana. Eli lelona zinga ubuncinane kwixesha lokuphendula. Ukuba imbodlela Awunakuzinyanzela sixhobo, ngoko ke servo iya kuqalisa ukungena pulses elifutshane, lekhefu phakathi kwabo uba ilingana no-20 m / umzuzwana. Phakathi pulses into engena injini, kunye nefuthe evela ngaphandle ungatshintsha ukusebenza kwefowuni naliphi icala. Eli xesha lokuphumla ubizwa ngokuba "ummandla kwabafileyo."

Umgaqo ukusebenza design digital

izixhobo Digital basebenzisa kumqhubekekisi eyodwa iMisebenzi ezitsho eliphezulu. It Iinkqubo uphawu receiver, kwaye uthumela pulses ulawulo enjinini kunye Isalathisi frequency amaxesha 300 intshizi ngesekondi. Ekubeni izinga izehlo ngokuphawulekayo eliphezulu, kwaye ukusabela ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibamba ngcono kweso sikhundla. Olu egxile nonxibelelaniseko torsion eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ifuna amandla amaninzi, ngoko ibhetri ezisetyenziswa indlela analog ke, kule kuyilo liya kuhla ngokukhawuleza.

Nangona kunjalo, bonke abasebenzisi xa ujamelene imodeli digital, esithi umahluko yalo kuyilo analog kakhulu kangangokuba ukuba akanakuze ixesha elide ziphele.

isiphelo

ukhetho lakho liya kuba oothixo digital, ukuba udinga:

• inqanaba eliphezulu ngesisombululo ;
• ubuncinane inani "imimandla kwabafileyo";
• indawo kwinqanaba ngqo;
• impendulo ekhawulezileyo ukuba umyalelo;
• amandla invariable kwizikhondo ngexesha ukujikeleza;
• amazinga aphezulu amandla.

Ke kaloku, ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na actuator nendlela ukuyisebenzisa.