Pushkin Indlu Museum of AS kwi Moika (St. Petersburg)

Mhlawumbi akukho mntu ubeze eSt Petersburg kwakungayi batyelela indlu №12 kwi Moika. Waba indawo yokuphumla yokugqibela umbhali omkhulu Pushkina A. S. Pushkin Apartment Museum - yinxalenye ezintsonkothileyo Zonke-Russian yeemyuziyam azinikele ubomi kunye nomsebenzi wembongi enkulu. Kukho zokuhlala eziliqela ezifanayo, iyileyo - ilifa abantu Russian. Kodwa kanye Indlu Museum A. S. Pushkina kwi Moika etsala ingqalelo abatyeleli. Apha wachitha imihla yokugqibela yobomi, kwaye apha ezisa ndawonye abantu abadumile kuyizukisa memory yomntu omkhulu.

imbali

Indlu Museum kwi Moika - esi sakhiwo omdala kakhulu. Le ndlu yakhiwa emva kweli xesha uCatherine. Umakhi walo isakhiwo Dzhuzeppe Trizini. Ukususela 1727 indlu yaba Baron I. A. Cherkasovu. Bemizi zitshintshiwe amaxesha rhoqo, isakhiwo kakhulu ngokutsha eziliqela. Ngowe-1806, phezu Moika wahlala Prince Volkonsky. Pushkin zange ikhaya, ingakumbi ingqukuva. Kusenokuba ukufikelela kuphela Petersburgers esisityebi kunene.

Kodwa naphina apho imbongi na ukuqasha yokuhlala, oko kuhlale kunye nobume bayo njengendoda enkulu. Ubungqina oku imyuziyam-endlini Pushkin, iifoto zazo ziboniswa apha ngezantsi.

Ubomi Imbongi e-St Petersburg

A. S. Pushkina bubotshiwe kakhulu kunye St. Petersburg. Lowo weza apha kunye umalume wakhe xa wayeneminyaka eli-12 ubudala. Apho awayebuphila de kube sekupheleni kwe Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Moika wayedibana bexesha lakhe. Pushkin Indlu Museum kwi Moika ikufutshane kwi Winter Palace. Oku wavumela Aleksandru Sergeevichu yonke imihla ukuya nene inkonzo igumbi lokulala. Ngoko ke, ngoSeptemba 1896 intsapho Pushkin waqesha indawo yokuhlala kwigumbi e St. Petersburg kule dilesi - Sink 12 ceba ukuba baphile apha iminyaka 2-3. Kodwa emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa Pushkin yena uhlatywe kwi Kungquzulwano. Ngowe-1837, ngoJanuwari 29, ngoko ke akazange.

Pushkin ngokufutshane wahlala endlwini phezu Moika, kodwa indawo zibonakale kuyo yonke iRussia. Noko ke, kule ndlu yaba museum ngexesha elinye. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngo-1910 i-Pomakazi ngokutsha phantsi indlu yokuhlala. Kodwa emva kokuba revolution, kwakukho amagumbi zoluntu. Kuphela 1924, isangqa Pushkin ngayo uluntu "Endala Petersburg" ayithenge loo nxalenye yale ndlu awayephila wasebenza Alexander. It waqalisa lo msebenzi unzima yolwakhiwo ngokutsha wesakhiwo, ukuqokelela izinto emva kokufa imbongi kaThixo ababewunikiwe. Imithombo yolwakhiwo ngokutsha eyahlukileyo: iincwadi izalamane nabahlobo, iinkumbulo bomhla imbongi yakhe. Uncedo elikhulu ileta eya kuyise V. A. Zhukovskogo Pushkin, apho isicwangciso kwachazwa indlu imbongi yakhe.

Inguqu kule ndlu ibe museum

Ngowe-1925 (Februwari 10), i-ofisi imbongi yaphila, kwakukho intlanganiso elizinikele kunyaka wokuqala ukufa A. S. Pushkina. Kodwa omninzi umsebenzi wokubuyisela enkulu yaqalisa ngo-1937. Bathi luphelelwe ukuya kubhiyozela ukufa imbongi yakhe. yonke indlu yabuyiselwa Volkonskiis. Phambi kwendlu, eyadini, sifakelwe lesikhumbuzo omhle zanikezelwa Pushkin. Kwixesha elizayo, iye kwakhona indawo yokugcina igumbi lokutyela, igumbi lokulala, ngezinyuko. Kuye ukusungulwa ngokweenkcukacha. Ngoko kwakukho museum-endlini Pushkin kwi Moika.

Lonke KUNYEnokutyhilwa myuziyam inamacandelo amabini. Eyokuqala ubalisa ibali zemizi nobomi Pushkin. Okwesibini - yinto endlini wembongi, lobuqu impahla, iincwadi, eni. Indawo okhethekileyo imyuziyam-indlu uphethe ofisi wembongi. Oku, igumbi eqaqambileyo banzi, apho kungekho kubunewunewu. Yonke into ilula kwaye kufuneka isebenze. Embindini wegumbi a lokwenene idesika, apho kumi inkstand kunye arabchonka sibalo. Esi sipho P. V. Naschekina. Inxalenye yale igumbi kuhlala iincwadi neencwadi ezintsha neentlelo ubudala. Phakathi kwabo, Byron, Pushkin kunqulwa.

kwemiboniso museum

Of ixabiso ethile myuziyam kukho esofeni, apho wafela nembongi. Emva kokufa kwakhe, koko wathunyelwa kwidolophana Mikhailovskoye. Ngowe-1936, kunye ngoncedo Pushkin esofeni usapho waze wabuyela kwindawo kwi Moika. Ngo-2009, xa kuthelekiswa iisampulu DNA ukususela egazi esofeni naphezu ingubo nenyani esofeni eyafakwa, nto leyo ezibulalayo isilili A. S. Pushkina. Nazi izinto ezinxulumene nokufa kwakhe: ngesihlwitha sentloko, imaski, ingubo engaphantsi, apho imbongi phezu ngemini ezimbini zokucwangcisa. Apho kanye kwakukho amagumbi asetyenziselwa izinto ngezinto, iiholo ezimbini ngoku, apho imizobo kwiXesha Pushkin kaThixo. Ezi eni of abahlobo Pushkin kaThixo. Namhlanje le fund zezindlu lwembali ezininzi izinto zokuqala, kuquka: a oyithandayo isitulo uVoltaire imbongi, imisimelelo kunye nemibhobho, usiba yayingeyiyo Pushkin kunye inki. Le myuziyam isoloko ezixineneyo. Ukhenketho ithatha malunga kangangesiqingatha seyure, kodwa elo xesha elifutshane, iindwendwe ukufudukela kwelinye ixesha nangokubona mathuba ebuhlungu, edibene ubomi nokufa wembongi enkulu. Xa kwiiholo ze-museum zezi ucengcelezo ebanjwa, Ufundo loncwadi wanikezela A. S. Pushkinu. Kukho ufunde iivesi iimbongi abaselula ukunika ntle ihlabathi kwimibongo.

isiphelo

Le ndawo uyazingca ngokukodwa of St. Petersburg. Indlu Memorial Pushkina A. S. waziwa kuphela eRashiya kodwa phesheya. Kwihlabathi kakhulu bayamoyika kwisikhumbuzo wembongi. Ngenxa Pushkin - yingqondi ngaphandle kwexesha kwaye kwezopolitiko. Oku imbongi lonke ixesha. Alive kunye ongapheliyo izidalwa zakhe ukuba ushiye uphawu ngokunzulu umphefumlo wonke umntu.