PCA kumatshini - ezizodwa zobugcisa. gun Submachine Shpagin

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, eSoviet Union waziva kukungabi kakuhle bexhobile, ubuncinane ekuqaleni. Xa imikhosi kaHitler wasebenzisa zakutshanje ngexesha isixhobo, amajoni yethu tight. Ukongeza, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukhuseleko lokutya amahlwempu kunye nezixhobo ezifana ngembumbulu ukuba ngemipu kumatshini. Kwicala yemfazwe-abaqeqeshwe samaNazi kakuhle ukuba amajoni imfazwe, abo babamba phantse lonke elaseYurophu. Ngokubanzi, singatsho ukuba USSR Ndandingekakulungeli imfazwe.

isixhobo

Noko ke, abayili Soviet ceba iindlela ezintsha zabuqhinga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo phambi kokuba imfazwe. Stalin wabona ukuba amaJamani eza ahlasele nelizwe. Yaye ebudeni Second World War wadala iindidi ezintsha izixhobo kunye iingalo ezincinane, nto leyo eyabangela ngqo indlela kwemfazwe, izimamva ezinokuthelekiswa ukukhumbula yayingeyiyo BM-13 okanye "Katyusha", esoyika amajoni ndilutshaba nomlilo wabo. Bekukho nezinye izixhobo eseleyo ukukhunjulwa ekuliwa kunye nezizukulwana zabo, ezifana itanki T-34. Enye ezi kubizwa umpu sub-umatshini Shpagin okanye, njengoko kuthiwa, oluzenzekelayo PCA. Ukucacisa kuye ezinye Kumboniso ngelo xesha.

indaba

Ngowe-1940, kuninzi kuye kwacaca ukuba imfazwe ezayo, nto leyo iza kwenza ubomi abemi abaninzi Soviet. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi bakholwa kwi invincibility ye-Red Army. Ngelishwa, oku akunjalo. AmaJamani bazilungela ngcono ukulwa. Kakade ke, umkhosi yabo ingqalelo enamandla ngakumbi ngelo xesha. Machine ukuba analogue engcono ukwenzeka, nje kuyimfuneko. Waba ufanele ukuba baziphathe ngalo edabini, ukuba ndiludilize kwimozulu embi, ngokubanzi, yonke. Namhlanje, phezu edabini, ngokuyintloko kwi amazwe ico ke iisampuli PCA. Kokuba singene imyuziyam.

GS Shpagin wazalwa ngo-1897, wafa ngo-1952. Saba Umenzi nompu edume submachine, ogama njengentlonipho yokumbulela. Ngowe-1940, kuye kwamkelwa oluzenzekelayo PCA. Iinkcukacha ngokuvumelana ngoko imilinganiselo, ngoko ngokukhawuleza alaqhenqetha umkhosi, abe omnye kakhulu intanda emkhosini. Ukuchaza kwayo, kwanele nje ukuba athi indlela thaca iikopi ezininzi. Ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-6 koomatshini. Le yenye yezona ethandwa izixhobo kwimbali. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwamanye amazwe, i PCA waba kwinkonzo kude kube ngoku, oko kukuthi, kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama asixhenxe emva indalo yayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umpu sub-machine ezilungileyo ngokwenene. Okulandelayo iya mayinikwe PCA isixhobo - inkcazelo, imbali, ukusebenza.

umyili-waziwa kakuhle ngezikrweqe edume GS Shpagin wazalelwa kwilali kummandla Vladimir. Nemveliso kwasungulwa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo wayefike emkhosini, leyo ngo-1916. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I ndaqalisa ukusebenza nje gunsmith. Emva kokuyeka emkhosini oomatshini kwi iingalo mveliso, apho wadibana utitshala wakhe elizayo V. A. Degtyarevym.

Ngexesha imfazwe eFinland, nto leyo uphazanyiswa Second World War, wawuqhutywa ukuba mu lupwa imipu submachine ukubonisa kakuhle kakhulu ngokwabo. Ngoko Shpagin and Shpitalnaya, lowo ke lowo wengcibi yokuluka, thaca kwiinguqulelo zabo kwezikhali kurhulumente. Njengoko unokuthelekelela, isampulu ekhethiweyo Shpagin. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ethabathela umpu ngompu-umatshini baba phantse ngokulinganayo wokupasa yokulwa. Injongo yale umyili yaba lula inciphise neendleko ye PDP-40, nto leyo wadala Degtyaryov. Kodwa ke iphupha ephambili ukudala kumatshini Shpagin ebhaliweyo. Le ndlela mveliso kwandiswa kakhulu kwimveliso.

izisombululo umdla kuyilo

Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo design izixazululo umdla kwi PCA (ngompu submachine Shpagin). Ushwankathelo inikwa koku. Zonke iingcali ngelo xesha bobabini wamangaliswa kwaye becaphukile ukuba akukho namnye kuso beza phambi. Wotho kusikwa istili badlale indima kusisithintelo isicheme kunye compensator. Ngoko ke, le ndlela yeyona lula le ngxaki sele isonjululwe kunye nefuthe, iyisa phezulu iingalo nezinobunzima umatshini. Shpagin lugqibelele ekudalweni njengomfundisi wakhe, ngcono ngayo. PCA waba kakhulu ichanekile kwaye uzinzile ngaphezu PDP. Sinokuthi ukuba enye abameli yokuqala yezi matshini, ezithi zonke baqhelile ukubona.

Lo mlilo kuqhutywa kuqhume abangatshatanga kunye Ukuvutha. Shpagin wavuka ngokuzenzekelayo wakhe WWII PCA-41 kwaba lula ukuvelisa kabini ngaphezu PDP.

Kutheni PPD

PP Shpagin waba kakhulu ngakumbi ubhetyebhetye kwaye neempawu engcono zobugcisa ngaphezu PDP. Kodwa kutheni yokugqibela watshintshelwa uhlaziyo jikelele abayili? Ukuntsonkotha ekwenziweni yemveliso PCB lancipha kakhulu, nto leyo embi kakhulu ngexesha lemfazwe. Ukongeza, iindawo zibiza imali eninzi, yaye oku okungamkelekiyo ingxaki. Kulo mba, urhulumente wacela ukuphucula PDP okanye yenza umatshini omtsha. A PCA, leyo, kwelinye icala, yaba design elula. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, nasiphi na isityalo umatshini-sakhiwo zinokutshintshela indalo le umpu submachine.

Ukuba ngokoMthetho bomashini kunye Shpagin Shpitalniy baba phantse ngokulinganayo, kuvavanyo yokuqala kwindawo ibilunge kakhulu. It manufacturability kunye nsimbi bazisa kowokuqala oluzenzekelayo iinkcukacha PCA-41 apho nazo phezulu.

indondo

igama Shpagin immortalized kwi igama machine. Kodwa ukongezelela, ukuba umyili enkulu wawongwa Stalin Prize isidanga sokuqala kwaye i-Order of Lenin. Iimbasa High ziwongwe. Shpagin wenza igalelo elikhulu uloyiso phezu bahlaseli ngokungenalusini karhulumente. isampula 1941, nto leyo ebizwa SCB-41 kuye kwasetyenziswa kwemfazwe. Nantso ke imali lamaqhosha ngaphezulu kwezigidi-6 ekuveliseni USSR.

isithunzi

PCA-41 kwaba isixhobo elungileyo. Shpagin wayefuna ukwenza PCB, ukudalwa eza kusinda ixesha elincinane kunye nemali. wakwenza oko. Zonke iindawo, ngaphandle umphanda iye yangeniswa kubanda ngokucinezela ukusuka kwiphepha ngentsimbi. Kwakhona wasebenzisa ndawo kunye arc, rivet ezahlukeneyo. Kwafuneka ukubhenela machining ukudala le bhafu, leyo umzimba osezantsi kakhulu umsebenzi. iindawo elula kakhulu ngamaplanga sagxininisa isantya zokukhokhela umatshini xa iyonke. Kakade ke, enye inzuzo kukukwazi aqoqe ibattery nompu submachine ngaphandle screwdriver. Ngoko ke, i PCA kwakulula ukuba alungise okanye acocekileyo kwanaphantsi kwemiqathango yokulwa. Ngokubanzi, umatshini ngakumbi enye lula ukuvelisa kwaye sixhobo lula unconywe yaye zibiza imali encinane.

ezakhiwe ngayo

Ekuqaleni PCA-41 waye mayixhotyiswe ivenkile disk iyafana naleyo PDP-40. umthamo kwaso 71 iCartridge. Kwaba phantse inxalenye nompu submachine Shpagin eqolo. Kwakugcwele ibhokisi ivenkile, igubu kunye iinkumba. Ngokulwa, akukwazeki ukuthwala lowu disc ezandleni zabo, ukuze le njongo wadala i tab eyodwa uncedo waza kuyo waqhoboshela ibhanti lakho. Le nemoto babekwa efanayo imiqolo emibini okanye umsinga ngaphakathi kunye nangaphandle kwe njengecochlea. Ngenxa emthonjeni yena, basonta uboya. Lwakuba nje yaphela kumqolo engaphandle neekhatriji yi ezingena kweyona migaqo mikhulu ukungena ngaphakathi.

Zisasuka yinkqubo ende yokulayisha engoovimba, ebengenako kwiimeko entsimini, kuba amajoni ayenxiba kunye nakwiivenkile indawo. Emva koko, ke, kwathi ukusetyenziswa, ibhokisi, nto leyo lula ngakumbi kwaye sitshiphu, kodwa kuphela ukusukela ngo-1944. Le igcina Zizonke kwemijikelo-35, kodwa kakhulu kunikwa ngokukhawuleza nabantu abatsha. Ukuvuleka nezikhali mhlawumbi 7,62 mm okanye 7,62x25 mm.

emehlweni

Nangona PCA-41 yaye umatshini elula kakhulu lulula kakhulu kwaye amanani yemveliso, sihlala iphuculwe. Oku kanye kwenzeka ntoni umpu. Ekuqaleni ifakwe kwicandelo izinto ezivulekileyo, evumela umlilo kumgama eemitha 500. Emva koko, oko bangamfuniyo ukuba nzinyana kwiimeko lupwa bafumana ngaphezu kokuba emehlweni elula utshintsho-over ngasemva, ngalo uyakwazi agxothwe kuphela kumgama oziimitha 100-200, kuxhomekeke kwizicwangciso. Enye usenokucinga ukuba uluhlu argument wayo, nangona kunjalo, i-PCA-41, noxa eliphezulu kolu hlobo ukuchana iingalo umlilo, ayikwazanga zichaneke 100% kwi-500 eemitha. BOB Amava abonisa ukuba umqulu PP kuphucula kuphela esemgangathweni.

ukuphelela

PCA njalo ekucaca ukuba iinguqu nophuculo. Ukongeza kule miba ingentla apha kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngowe-1944 kule venkile ukuze konga ixesha nemali baqalisa ukuba bavelise ngendlela Ebubanzini mm 1 kuphela. Kwakhona, chromium nesingxobo ifatyi yenziwa, okwaye kwabonelela ukhuseleko PP nkqu ukucocwa engekho umsebenzi. Ngoko ke, iimpawu ukusebenza PCA-41 abe phezulu kakhulu.

nezinye iimpawu

Iinkcukacha PCA-41 (umpu submachine Shpagina) zipeyintwe iinkcukacha koku. Umlilo lwaqhutywa iimbumbulu isampula 1930 nokuba eyodwa okanye Ungqabhuko, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, isenokuba elifutshane (3-6), okanye elide (15-20). PP ikakhulu yenzelwe ekulweni ezikufutshane. Bullet waqhubeka ukuyeka amandla kweemitha ukuya ku-800. A Isantya baqala malunga 500 m / s. Oku zentsebenzo ukuba umpu submachine ngelo xesha. Izinga lomlilo kwakhona Sinovuyo, njengoko 1000 rounds ngomzuzu. Noko ke, umlo kufuneka ukubetha ifuthe lomlilo utshintshe iivenkile, ngoko isantya abahlukene lifinyele.

Kwaba Kulula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa oluzenzekelayo PCA. Iinkcukacha zifakwe ubude wompu, leyo 842 mm. Massa Shpagina gun submachine yaba 3.5 kg, kunye kwivenkile disk - to 5.3, le bhokisi - 4.1. Umatshini Weight ivumela zokudubula ngaphandle umgudu kakhulu wahamba nje plus.

ukushiyeka

Nangona PP Shpagin kwaye phambili ngeendlela ezininzi, yena ukuba ngokuyintloko elihamba. Ke ezinye imikhosi abayili ceba enye, elula ngakumbi kubo, oomatshini.

gun Submachine Shpagin yaba ntu ngokwenene nomkhosi ngelo xesha. Imfazwe uyeza wayefuna isixhobo eyayiza kuba lula ukuyisebenzisa yaye ubhetyebhetye, has a ukusebenza eliphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi lula ukuvelisa. Nje ngoko Ndajika oluzenzekelayo PCA. Iimpawu Technical ngayo kwancamisa, kwaye akukho mfuneko oko izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nolwazi ukudala. Kungenxa yoko le nto njengoko ezizizigidi ezi-6 iikopi bawela ukusetyenziswa kwe-Red Army. Nkqu amaNazi kuthakazelelwa oluzenzekelayo PCA. iimpawu Technical abanako ngoyaba. Isixhobo yaba indebe kakhulu awayesibawela kwi edabini. Loo nto inika umdla amaNazi wakhetha lowu disc.