Oko kuquka ibhanti nemilenze yabantu

inkqubo Musculoskeletal komzimba womntu - ngummangaliso wendalo. Ixhasa onke amalungu omzimba kwindawo efanelekileyo, akhusele amalungu zibalulekile kwaye libonelela ukushukumiseka emangalisayo wonke umzimba. Belt kweqondo eliphezulu inoxanduva iingalo obandayo ukuya amathambo yezihlunu.

Uyilo ngamaphiko kunye clavicles

Ukwakhiwa nemilenze umbhinqo iquka uyilo amaphiko amabini, clavicles amabini kunye nomlenze skeletal ngokwalo. Loo endaweni ka imilenze eliphezulu idala uhlobo emagxeni abantu. Izandla babopha iincakuba buti kunye clavicles eyenza umbhinqo kweqondo eliphezulu. zicwangciswe iincakuba phezulu ngasemva, abe imilo olunxantathu, bathe bandibopha kwalapho kunye iimbambo nge musculature. I-blade nesithandwa kunye clavicle, collarbone ize idityaniswe kwentamo kunye iimbambo. Clavicle abe ithambo egosogoso, lithatha phakathi kwentamo kunye nencakuba engile engaphandle.

ibhanti Amathambo nemilenze yakhiwe evela macandelo alandelayo:

• 2 clavicles;
• 2 blade;
• ihumerus;
• ithambo ziqu;
• ziikubhite;
• sosana;
• amathambo metacarpal;
• phalanges.

umsebenzi lebhanti nemilenze

Lo msebenzi ungundoqo olwenziwa yi uqhwemesha nemilenze yabantu - ukudala ezingalweni olomeleleyo zikhululekile inkxaso. Mu kuya kwa nshita umbhinqo zangasese, oko amazwi eqhagamshelwe amathambo yezihlunu. Amathambo ezingundoqo kwesebe umbhinqo eliphezulu: clavicle, neyenza breastbone joint rhoqo scapula unxulunyaniswa namathambo umzimba kunye izihlunu ezinamandla. Ngenxa yoko, amagxa othatha inxaxheba intshukumo iingalo, ukwandisa awo yaye ukusebenza ukusebenza.

Amathambo ibhanti eliphezulu x ezizitho zabantu kufuneka isakhiwo efana amathambo ekuyo, kwaye iqanjwa amasebe-3 - emagxeni, inyuke iye kunye esihlahleni. Izihlunu ezinxulumene nale bhanti, ukomeleza kwegxalaba kwaye linoxanduva uninzi iintshukumo izandla. Nesimbo - plate ngokubanzi njengoko unxantathu esemva Isifuba kunye nenxalenye esingasemva lomzimba umbhinqo eliphezulu. It has a igxalaba umngxuma tyaba joint, Elizifihla kuyo intloko ihumerus. Kwegxalaba iyahlozinga kakhulu, inika uluhlu ubuninzi motion, kodwa basengozini komsipha kunye nezinye iingozi.

Eyona engundoqo amathambo izandla

Le ihumerus imelwe ngokohlobo elide ithambo tubular umbhinqo imilenze aphezulu, ezo nto zibambene nayo ezimbini ulna noko elide kunye radius. Ihumerus yenza ngengqiniba ngamathambo amabini, kwaye brush othile udibene na mnye kuphela kubo - welungu esihlahleni. Le ulna ukwakweli ngaphakathi. Onke amathambo izandla anxulumene omnye komnye ngokusebenzisa amalungu.

Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• negxalaba;
• sosana;
• ulna.

Amalunga zahlukahlukene kakhulu eshukumayo, ukuhamba esebenzayo, nto leyo eye yakhokelela ekubeni inguqu forelimb, okt izandla, ngexesha ngendaleko kwi igunya yabasebenzi. Ulnar bone and radiation ihumerus oluzinzileyo, ngokulandelelana, intshukumo encinane free. Esinamandla knuckles zakho. Ngokutsho isakhiwo kwesandla skeleton nonyawo ziyafana kakhulu. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo - isixhobo brush, apho nakubhontsi abazahlulayo evela kwabanye, avumele isandla sakhe ukwenza iintshukumo ukuqonda. Va sosana kunye ithambo metacarpal ze ubhontsi - joint undim kuphela emzimbeni womntu, apho intshukumo ethe kakhulu kwi kwisiseko toe yokuqala.

Ubume welungu uyibhekise

Belt nemilenze siquka joint engqinibeni, equka iinxalenye ezimbini: a trochlear kunye ukulenza. I Buze lokuqala exhuma kwinotshi ihumerus ulnar, nayo ibonelela iintshukumo flexor-extensor ngezandla zakhe. isabelo Spherical inxibelelanisa intloko humeral kunye fossa radiation. Oku kukuvumela ukuba bagqwethe yengalo. Ngokubanzi ilunga ngokwaneleyo esitalini ngenxa kumphezulu enkulu iikhompawundi nzima kunye nemisipha. Radius - zengalo engundoqo. It yakha kunye esihlahleni. Le ulna kunye umqadi oyinxalenye uyibhekise.

Ubume kwegxalaba

nemilenze umbhinqo luquka kwegxalaba. Gxalaba ibhola ehlanganyelwayo mobile kakhulu emzimbeni womntu. Kuyinto intlambo phantse tyaba intsimbi sicaciswa intloko hemispherical le ihumerus. Esi sixhobo kwenza kube lula ukutshintsha ngokukhululekileyo nengalo kuwo onke amacala. Bone phantse ujikeleze usinge, phezulu, phantsi. Xa ukuhamba ezinjalo neengxaki zawo, ngenxa yokuba amandla iqhina lifinyele, ekwenzeni oku komsipha akholisa ukubakho. Ilunga yesibini ukhandwa scapula kunye clavicle. Kudla enyelisa xa esiwa kwi ngesandla esolukileyo okanye ukubetha phambi emagxeni.

ngesandla

Le yinxalenye esandleni na isakhiwo kunokuba nzima. Brush iqulathe ngamaqela 3, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, kufuneka amathambo 27. Xa intliziyo palm metacarpals 5 no-8 amathambo carpal. Amathambo iminwe zizenzela up phalanges-14, amathambo 2 nocikicane-3 - ngamnye ezine. Isandla na isakhiwo ezizodwa kakhulu. Kwiintsana, bebonakala ngokuthe kuphela luyasekwa, baya kuba kubonakala kakuhle kuphela ukuya kwiminyaka esixhenxe, yaye kwamathambo ezizalisiweyo kakhulu kamva, ngeenxa iminyaka 10-13. Elifanayo Ixesha iphela kunye phalanges kwamathambo.

Nemisipha nemisipha mlenze umbhinqo eliphezulu

Ekubeni kwegxalaba ziphatheka ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ibhanti nomlenze lowo afana incamathele amathambo yezihlunu, eliphezulu izihlunu yalityatya ngokwamathambo umbhinqo babe umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Izihlunu ukudibanisa ingalo emzimbeni kwaye absorbers kukothuka. Umsipha deltoid enkulu kakhulu kwaye negxalaba elinamandla ifaka scapula kunye ihumerus. Kuyinto ngenxa kobuntu isandla sakhe yaye ihamba phambili umva.

Rotator cuff iqulathe izihlunu ezine ezincinane:

• infraspinatus;
• supraspinatus;
• ngeenxa zonke amancinci;
• subscapularis.

Kwakhona ukulawula ukujikeleza izandla kunye nokomeleza kwegxalaba.

Ingxam izihlunu mlenze umbhinqo eliphezulu

Le nemilenze unalo iperi izihlunu ezinkulu: i izo- kunye esineendidi, ezenza iperi bachasene, ukuba umntu lifinyele, enye iyaphela. Zomfana, okanye izo- livela yabe ukuya radius. Ukuba agobe kakhulu ingalo, kunokuba probe elungileyo. Esineendidi, esineendidi kunye nezihlunu igxalaba, maliwe kanga nge ulna. Akanguye lubonakale, kodwa zomfana ezinkulu. Sekunjalo, benza njengoko iqela elinye kwezihlunu. Ngokomzekelo, xa nokuphakamisa ngesa- asisifutshane izo- - umsipha ukuba Uphakamisa ingalo eliphezulu ukuya egxalabeni. Ngokulandelelanayo, lo zaneka kunye esineendidi, izihlunu extensor, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukuphinda-ukuqondisa ingalo.

Extensors kunye ukugoba

iintshukumo Complex izihlahla nesandla zibonelelwa nokusebenza ubukhulu becala nelungelelanisiweyo le ezininzi izihlunu ndidlulayo yengalo. It ukugoba kunye extensors. Ukugoba ndibazise isandla sakhe yengalo yakhe ezo iminwe yakho. Bona ngaphakathi ingalo. Extensor ukuqondisa sosana kunye neminwe, azibuyisele kwindawo yengalo. Ukuze unclench isandla sakhe, uwuthimbe ngokuxhomekeke kufuna umsebenzi ezinxityelelanisiweyo ka 35 zengalo nesandla kwizihlunu. Ukongeza, ukuba izihlunu ezi ziyenza ukuyiphambukisa brush ekhohlo nasekunene, phendula oko, khawulitshitshise wesundu kwisihlahla neminwe kuba sisigxina endaweni. iminwe subtle alawulwa izihlunu zabo amathambo unyenyisa ukusuka amathambo kwisihlahla ukuya kwisiseko yokuhlasela yokuqala. phalanges eseleyo Umsebenzi enikiweyo imisipha olude flexor kunye extensor izihlunu, ibekwe zengalo.

Age kunye bone nokuthintela nokuguga

Belt nemilenze yabantu abafuna yothintelo anti-ukwaluphala. Nge ubudala, sinciphise amandla amathambo kunye basengozini enkulu waphuka. ezinxulumene-Age ilahleko ithambo phantse vuhlayiseki, kodwa unako kwaye kufuneka ukuthintela okanye kakhulu kulibazisa. Overstrain izihlunu amagxa kunye kokusemva igcwele imeko ebuhlungu kakhulu. Abantu bachithe imini yonke kwi ikhompyutha kunye idesika, badla slouch okanye nesifombo ukuma. Ngenxa yoko ngumkhinkqi rhoqo izihlunu langoku, bazolulela izihlunu emagxeni kwaye emva, nto leyo esongela ukuvela amaqhina kwezihlunu kabuhlungu kunye yintloko akhululeke.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukomeleza bhanti kweqondo eliphezulu, ezizezi izihlunu emagxeni kwaye umva, imithambo ukuba ukuqondisa esifubeni kwaye esemi izihlunu kunye nemisipha. ulwazi luncedo kakhulu kwaye ukufuya emagxeni, ngokunjalo amagxa. imfundo Physical nokuphelisa intlungu, someleza izihlunu namathambo, kuphucula nezimo umzimba, kwaye kungoko ukuhamba, yaye umntu eyomeleleyo.