"Nokuphakanyiswa of the Cross." Rubens - buchopho elihle yobuciko

Xa kwimbali amagama ambalwa sizibandakanya ukuzalwa isimbo esitsha yobugcisa, impembelelo ethile elithile yonke. Mizobo kumxholo isiva bukaKristu, wamngenisa kuye udumo European (phakathi kwabo - "The Umphakamo of the Cross"), Rubens ivula iphepha elitsha kwi ukupeyinta, eyaziwa ngokuba zobuciko.

King ngabapeyinti

Lo mculi ingqalelo utitshala wakhe uyoyiswa ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha kunye nezalathiso. Peter Paul Rubens waba abafundi ezininzi phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe, imizobo yakhe bakhuphela Velázquez kunye Delacroix lalichukumisekile Impressionists kunye avant-garde.

Wazalwa ngo-1577 kwidolophu German ka Siegen, apho utata wakhe wabaleka kumProtestanti evela eFlanders ukusuka intshutshiso namaKatolika. Emva kokufa kwakhe, le ntsapho esamkelwa ubuKatolika waza wabuyela Antwerp, apho Rubens waba nzima ukufunda bezoba bepeyinta.

Isigaba ubalulekileyo ubomi inkosi Waba sisixhaso yakhe eItali, apho odityanisiweyo imisebenzi oonozakuzaku sokuyila, bafunda imisebenzi kweenkosi yesikolo yelo yaye awayezithanda zokusebenza ngokukhanya kwi imizobo Caravaggio ngayo.

Ngowe-1608 wabuyela Antwerp artist oqolileyo kunye virtuosity kunye nendlela yabo. Wafumana imiyalelo efanelekileyo ukwenza imizobo kwimixholo zonqulo, kuquka "Le ukuphakanyiswa of the Cross 'ukuze Cathedral ka Lady yethu.

Triptychs malunga angathabatheki kaKristu

Embindini yecawa ezi indalo ezine Rubens, phakathi apho triptych ezimbini ezinkulu, kuqulethe iiphaneli esiziimitha ezi-4-ngamaplanga. Babhala Peter Paul Rubens izicaphulo angathabatheki kaKristu: "I-Umphakamo of the Cross", "Descent evela Cross" kunye ezincinci omnye - "Uvuko kaKristu" yaye yafaka "Kwingcingane ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary."

Le misebenzi iqala elishumi ukonwaba ebomini inkosi. Peter Paul Rubens wonwabile entsatsheni, wadala workshop, leyo bakholisa ukufumana abafundi kulo lonke elaseYurophu, oko engqongwe ngabantu intlonipho yabo ngenxa iingcali zobugcisa kunye namagcisa nabo ngamandla kunye yokudunyiswa.

Umbono zobugcisa

An Ukukhetha umdla imifanekiso fom ngokwalo: "I-Umphakamo of the Cross" Rubens iluhlobo of a triptych panel enkulu oki. Triptych ngelo xesha phantse ulibele, ngathi inkosi ngendalo ibe irhafu ukuya isithethe ubungqina kunye nenkcubeko ephakamileyo kunye nemfundo elungileyo Rubens.

Ukubhala nasezipaneleni iinkuni - naye ngesiko elidala Flemish, kwaye ezi Imizobo khangela ecwebezelayo, ngokungathi wambu nje ivanishi, nto leyo eyandisa impembelelo yembonakalo kubo. iindawo ezinkulu ezihamba kunye nobungakanani bayo - ukwenzela ukuba ubungakanani ngundoqo "yokuphakanyiswa umnqamlezo" - 4.6 x 3,4 m, uze apha noko icala beziya - 4.6 x 1.5 m.

Imiphezulu olungaphandle panels zisetyenziswa ngokwesithethe bemifanekiso yabangcwele ezenziwe ngendlela zokuhombisa. Ngoko ke 'nokuphakanyiswa of the Cross. " Rubens usichaza shutter ekhohlo St. Amanda kunye Walpurga oyiNgcwele, ngasekunene - Saints Eligius noCatherine.

incazelo

I cebo - enye mizobo kakhulu ethandwa - iye yasetyenziswa yi Rubens kunye izihlandlo eziliqela. Ngoko ke, i Louvre agcinwe eboniswe ngomfanekiso unpreserved "iseyilana umnqamlezo" (1620) kunye Dynamics okuphawulekayo yamandla ingakumbi befumile triptych Antwerp Cathedral.

Wajika phezu kwendawo enkulu kukho 22 abalinganiswa, uxinezeleko ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Le Dynamics ubume okupheleleyo igcwele - esebenzayo amphakamisele umnqamlezo oxwesileyo, iqela abafazi abasentlungwini emnyango ngasekhohlo, amajoni nezo zilungiselelwa uphumezo kwi ekunene - kumgca kwakhiwa ngabo baya kungena intsebenziswano esebenzayo kunye iindawo eku xhulumaneni kwi umfanekiso yonke dwala.

Kwi kwisahlulo sasekhohlo phezulu - ukubandezeleka okukhulu, uYosefu noMariya, ngezantsi - abenza isijwili. leaf Imvelaphi kunye ngundoqo triptych alibonakali kanje umfanekiselo indawo, kodwa izimvo ekuyeni uNyana kaThixo, yokuba kuhlangene, kwaye kwicala lasekunene kudityaniswe indawo yangasemva isibhakabhaka engundoqo bayingozi phezu yiGolgota.

Oyena usembindini womzobo - uYesu - nje Iimbaleki, imilo yayo ingqinelana ngokobukhulu iziganeko eziqhubekayo elizayo. Ukunikezela ukukhanya eyimfihlakalo, nembonakalo yakhe ukhangela loo aqine zimnandi ukuba umgudu omkhulu zokukhulisa umnqamlezo ingaphumeleli. UYesu umbono ucacisa kakuhle eli womxhuzulane - esiva ubunzima ngenxa yezono lonke uluntu, kwaye ixabiso enkulu a feat lee. amadoda anamandla ziyadityaniswa zibe ngumtshangatshangiso umzimba owodwa bugryaschuyusya izihlunu abe amandla esinye injongo yokuphakanyiswa of the Cross. Rubens nobuchule emangalisayo kunye nolwazi owakhiwe ngayo umzimba womntu lubonisa kudala ngokuphawulekayo ezichazayo ukuvakalisa ombane eyoyikekayo kwelinye, iintlungu kunye nezinye inkxwaleko.

Kunika umdla ukubona kunye Rubens - opeyintayo izilwanyana. Ihashe kwi ekunene ayikho enasilela ngayo imizwa yabalinganiswa babantu, yaye inja obuvezwa ongaphambili, sekeriweke kwinkcazo yeBhayibhile, kodwa kakhulu inegalelo kwiqela ezinomtsalane kwaye ithwala intsingiselo yokomfuziselo, buqala izithethe bezobugcisa zamaXesha Aphakathi.

King ngabapeyinti

Lo mzobo ngqo, ekhululekile ucikizeko oqingqiweyo ukukhanya nethunzi, nobutyebi imibala, luzele amandla zonke sentimitha isikweri isithuba elikhulu komfanekiso - iimpawu ezikhethekileyo isenzeko emangalisayo ubugcisa yi igama uPetros Paul Rubens.