Nezimaphambili ezingundoqo inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha iye

History of network computer imvelaphi yayo ukusuka kwixesha ukuqonda kwabantu kufuneka ukuba bamanyane ikhompyutha, kunye nezinye iimpawu iikhompyutha ezininzi ukusebenza kunye kwimali esikhulu solwazi, ngokunjalo yokugcina, ukwenza kunye nokusasazwa kwedatha eninzi. computer networking msebenzi osemqoka unokuba ukuthwala iindidi lolwazi, kodwa mhlawumbi yeendima ezibalulekileyo, ezibandakanya nezimaphambili ezingundoqo inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa eza kuxoxwa ngezantsi, zezona imveliso interworking.

Ukusukela umba ezintsonkothileyo njengoko kumajelo eekhompyutha nezimaphambili ezingundoqo kufuneka ukwazi nje. Ngaphandle kolu lwazi, inethiwekhi soze isebenze njengoko kufuneka, yaye oku kuquka ilahleko enkulu kwexesha kunye noovimba lweshishini.

Ngoko ke, nezimaphambili ezingundoqo zothungelwano computer - interworking iindlela. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba amanxeba zezi zixhobo yenye ezanda. Eyona engundoqo mali Injongo interworking kukubonelela ikhonkco phakathi kwabasebenzisi, amanyene omkhulu, yaye ngokufuthi zikhutshwe indawo womnatha enkulu.

inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha nezimaphambili ezingundoqo iquka iintlobo ezintandathu iimveliso, yokuphumeza interworking.

abahlalele

Abaphindayo ibizwa isixhobo iintsimbi iMisebenzi umaleko ebonakalayo OSI imodeli kwaye inika amathuba wayibopha isibini womnatha audio komsindo.

concentrators

Umsebenzi concentrators Ngumsebenzi kwiindibano obandayo, olunikezela udibaniso lwe kwilungu ngalinye abangabancedani kunye isixhobo womnatha. Kukho iindidi eziliqela concentrators amelwe isixando, iyasebenza kwaye ekrelekrele.

imizila

Eli gama libhekisela indlela leyo eyenzelwe ukuba ukudluliselwa iipakethi data phakathi neminatha yomibini. Iibhulorho kwenza kube lula ukuba kwimeko apho iinkqubo kunye nemigaqo ezicinga uthungelwano ahlangeneyo xa iyonke. Ukongezelela ukudluliselwa data, le iibhulorho zingenziwa lokuhluza.

imizila

Kunye imizila bamthwala uxhulumaniso ubhalo ezifunekayo iinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo. Ngelo xesha networks simanyene ukusebenzisa protocol efanayo. Kucacile ukuba umzila - it protokolozavisimye isixhobo, ekufuneka abanalo ikhono ukugcina ezithile iprotocol yomgudu. Yeyona ubukho imizila kuthungelwano yenza ukuba ubukho ezininzi iindlela transmission zepakethe. Koko zendlela - i "smart" isixhobo ukuba sikwazi umendo ngokupheleleyo zepakethe nganye ukusuka kuluhlu olubanzi lweendlela kunokwenzeka.

gateway

Ngokwenkcazelo uqhelekileyo elithi "isango", ubalisa lo mnenga ukuze nayiphi hardware package okanye isoftwe, eyenzelwe ukudibanisa kwisibini kweenkqubo ezingafani. Ngale ndlela, isango kunokuthathwa kwiseva eendaba okanye iseva ukufikelela.

Isibakala sokuba umsebenzi zokuphuma ezahlukeneyo "sekhombuya" ezibenza bahluke imizila, iibrorho nabaphinde iklasi ukuba akwazi ukusebenza kwinqanaba elinye kuphela sabaphathi (oku kunokuba womnatha, ijelo okanye umaleko emzimbeni, ngokulandelelana). Koko imizila, iibhulorho, baphinda abakwazi ukwenza uguqulo data.

eyenziwayo

Vula - isixhobo injongo yakhe ephambili ukuba batshintshe data igalelo ukuya kwenye iziphumo. Umzekelo, kwi-iipakethi data iswitshi izimvo ezifunyenweyo, yaye yafezekiswa liqhagamshelene Ethernet ibhasi. Kulo ngobuwena, isixhobo uya kwaziwa ngokuba utshintsho Ethernet

Iswitshi kufuneka ibe yindlela yangoku amalungiselelo ale unxulumano kuyimfuneko, kwakunye izixhobo ukuguqula ulwazi igalelo ifomathi esichanekileyo kwimveliso.