Mario Bava - mlawuli Italian umboniso, screenwriter, intatheli. Biography, PIU

umlawuli umboniso Italian, intatheli kunye screenwriter Mario Bava - wavuma inkosi eyoyikekayo, nanto ekudalweni movie yokunqakulisa, nombhali the best fantasy uhlobo-imi- 60-70 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Nguye ngomnye wabaseki "Jala" - izigcawu uhlobo superuzhasnyh, obe ubaqhiphukisa niphele ezininzi kwiholo.

I omaziyo lokuqala kunye cinema

Mario Bava, ogama engobomi nto ebalulekileyo awayenzayo ayahlukanga, Ndazalelwa kwisixeko Italian of San Remo, Julayi 31, 1914, unyana ka nomkroli Eugenio Bava, othe wasebenza umboniso, ngokubonelela stills imveliso film kwanobuhle kade-ihamba. Kwakunzima kakhulu ukuba bayile yangasemva kudutyulwe bhanyabhanya zembali. Njengoko elivisayo, esiza uyise Mario Bava. Waza waqala ukukhangela ngokusondeleyo yomqhubi, leyo kwabonakala kuye iyinto twisisaka.

I elithile lokuqala

Emva kwexesha elithile, walungisa Bava kakuhle uvumo umqhubi waza waba inxaxheba ukudubula emalunga namaLungelo oncedisayo. Kuqala umboniso, nto yedwa 1933, wabizwa ngokuba "uMussolini" yaye sasithetha malunga kolawulo uzwilakhe. Usebenze operator oselula ngobuchule ezingqonge eyaziswa italente entsha. bhanya ngasinye Igqala Italian Ndingathanda ukuba ukusebenza kunye Bavoy. Mario ulondoloze ngokukhawuleza nangendlela efanelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuthatha enye okanye ezimbini.

Total Mario Bava wathabatha iifilimu amane anesihlanu njengoko intatheli, abarhola isihloko inkosi yeziphumo ezizodwa. Emva koko waba nomdla owalathisa, waqala ukuzama isandla sakhe zokusingatha ishishini kunye nalo ngempumelelo.

Mario njengomlawuli

Operator Jobs Bawe kuvunyelwa ukuhlola inkqubo yemveliso ifilimu ngokucokisekileyo, yaye ekugqibeleni wenza neqembu yakhe. isampula wakhe wokuqala yaba film "Mna vampire," imveliso ogama wayeka embindini axabene kumlawuli Riccardo noFundo umvelisi. Umlawuli ushiye iseti, no Mario Bava, owayesebenza kule projekthi umsebenzisi, wathabatha phezu imisebenzi yakhe Wayigqiba umboniso. Iziphumo yomsebenzi wakhe lihle.

Waza Mario Bava wayengasekho abatsha, waba minyaka imashumi mane emithathu, yaye ke amava ethile. Okulandelayo, walungisa waqalisa "ukulungisa" a amahlwempu adubula bhanyabhanya kwaye baphumelela kule nkalo. Amandla ukuqondana baba ezicacileyo, kunye nolwazi kunye namava kumsebenzi khamera ukuba ukufumana iziphumo ezincumisayo.

umsebenzi kwango

Kamva Bava waqalisa ukwenza bhanyabhanya ngokuzimeleyo ukususela ekuqaleni ade ase ekupheleni, njengoko ngumlawuli onamava. umsebenzi wakhe waba yimbangi kwi movie "isigqumathelo ziidemon", isekelwe phezu drama "Vij" Nikolaya Vasilevicha Gogolya. Ngoko ke umsebenzi weza Mario uhlobo "eyoyikekayo". Le mifanekiso ilandelayo ezimbini - "Igazi Black ngentsontelo yemisonto" yaye "Le ntombazana ababesazi kakhulu", wazibeka 1963 - laba sisiqalo uhide bhanya-bhanya kukududuzela. Ngelo xesha linye umlawuli uqale sokudubula film "I uMbhexeshi kunye Body." Ngesakhiwo lijikeleza enqabeni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kunye nabemi bayo. Le filimu izele iinkcukacha elihlazo: zenzeka ukuzibulala, nesisitheliso iimela wegazi, close-up, ebandakanya zonke iimpawu yokukhwankqiswa.

horror ombane

Ngoko ke umlawuli luphinde ludubuleke "Igazi Black ngentsontelo yemisonto", "Ubuso amathathu ukoyika" yaye "Lunxunguphalo ukusuka kwindawo enzulu." Wonke umsebenzi - ummangaliso movie zakudala, kodwa umlawuli kuveza ukuba kumboniseli phantsi Amazing, ntshikilelo angaphaya. Kanye mizobo igcwele ngoku zombane kumakhulu amawaka volts, nendlela ukuba uliphathe - akukho bani owaziyo. Ekugqibeleni, inkampani iifilimu nge apho isivumelwano Mario Bava ugqiba ukuluphelisa ulwalamano kunye nomlawuli, kuba censors sasisendaweni ilahleko yaye akazange akwazi ukulungela indlela eziveza uhlobo "Jala" phantsi yokuziphatha yaseMelika.

Atshele uyazohlwaya kwaye ukhupha kukududuzela-comedy kunye Vincent Price. Abaphulaphuli waye waqala encuma. Kwaye ke walandela umboniso igazi-olungqumbululu "Operation" Moyikeni ", i-Jala ecocekileyo. Abanye esisikhupheli ezingathandekiyo Bava waqalisa ukudibana kunye nemisebenzi yeenkosi ezinjengezo Fellini, Scorsese, Argento.

Nangona Imbeko kakuhle eyaziwa abalawuli, kwakunye zizifundiswa phakathi moviegoers, walungisa ngokwakhe ngokuthozama ngokuba ichule kunokuba njengomlawuli. Lakhe self-ugxekwa yaba hypertrophied, kwaye iqondo ukuthozama icebisa ngezifo.

Sekunjalo, lo mlawuli iyaqhutywa a movie ezimbi ngokwenene, limfiliba zezinambuzane. Kodwa isimanga kakhulu into yokuba umgangatho imifanekiso bhanya ngexesha elifanayo awehlelwa.

Inkohliso kunye người

umlawuli World - le isithuba egqwethekileyo elahlekelwe ukuvumelana isihlobo. Ngokoqobo kunye inkohliso, izinto ezimbini engahambelaniyo, Bava, ukudibanisa ngokulula kwamnandi, ngaphandle ekhangela. Kodwa ke kufuneka ibhalansi esengozini olwahlula wokwenene imihlaba kwemvelo.

Wonqanyulwa, ungabikho ehlabathini lonke udonga luluqilima of self-isigqebelo, Bava isebenzisa ngempumelelo amathuba cinematography sokunikezela kunye nokuhanjiswa nobugqi, bonke engaqhelekanga kunye nokubi.

ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo

Isiphelo gqira yenkulungwane lokugqibela yaba lelona xesha obunemveliso kumlawuli. Ngowe-1969 Mario ndakuzidubula 'phawu Red ubutyhakala ", yama-isigqebelo of" ingqondo "Hitchcock, nto enyanzela umbukeli ukuthatha ngokombono a negeza.

Womzobo "oonodoli ezintlanu phantsi Agasti iNyanga" yenziwa kulo nyaka. Ku va comedy abamnyama ngokwesiko kumcuphi, "elishumi Little amaNdiya" kwi imisebenzi Agatha Christie.

"Bloody Bay" - ". Halloween" movie eyoyikekayo, apho kamva iya kuba sisiseko American umboniso "we 13" yaye

Zonke bhanya sasiboniswa ngempumelelo kwi US naseYurophu. Mario Bava iye yaba yinto ukulingiswa, kwabonakala abalandeli, ezifana Dario Argento kunye Margeriti Antonio.

Le liyancipha uhlobo

Noko ke, ngeminyaka, ukuthandwa Mario bhanya lehla. Waza weza fashion lwentlekele iimovie namabutho kunye namapolisa, ngokusekelwe iziganeko ngokwenene. Ishishini lefilimu yaseYurophu baqalisa ukubonisa iPorn ezithambileyo ezifana "Emmanuelle." Saya emfihlekweni ezirentwayo ndikhohlakele kufuneka apho ukucinga nto. Mario Ukucamngca ngandlela ayehla ukuya ngasemva yaye babe nomdla kangako.

Nangona kunjalo, umlimi Alfred Leone Baba wamnika imali encinane kunye ukulawula. Isiphumo sale hlobo experiment yaba umfanekiso 'Lisa kunye uMtyholi ", ezifotwe 1973. Lo mboniso Bhanya ingqalelo yi abaninzi ngaphezulu yonke umqondisi creative. A Isakhiwo sebali entsonkothileyo le movie, umzila engalindelekanga le yangasemva negeza-necrophiliac Ardissona Viktora neembono bulumko, ngakumbi ezifana phithi, wanikela umphumo engalindelekanga ngamandla.

Mario zabanjwa kulo lonke umboniso iinjongo ezimbi Hoffman kunye doppelgangers zabo dialogue ezoyikekayo. "Lisa kunye uMtyholi 'akazange kuphela ingozi umboniso zakudala, kodwa nokubakho isahlulo romanticism.

"Dyavolik"

De 1968 Mario phantse akukho shot. Emva koko wavuka ngomhla Dino De Laurentiis isithembiso ukusebenza kukhubazeko nokulungiswa kwinqakwana ethandwayo. Waqondisa wabhekana ngobuciko umsebenzi, ngoxa bachitha ezingama-400 lamawaka ukusuka mali eyabelwe izigidi ezintathu. Le ifilimu ngokuba "Dyavolik".

Mario emva kwakhe wenza ezimbini Jala kukududuzela omnye "Bloody Bay", nto leyo inombolo yerekhodi yokufa; baba emfanekisweni kwaba kanye ezilishumi.

Ngowe-1972, Baba wenza ekuyilweni umboniso olandelayo eyoyikekayo "Indlu kaMtyholi, 'isekelwe phezu imisebenzi" yababephethwe "yi Dostoevsky. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba kwikhusi watyhila ukuba umboniso Mario ubukhulu becala efanayo kwi "abhadulayo" Friedkin uWilliam. Ngenxa yoko, rough ukuhlelwa umvelisi Leone Alfredom, owayezama ngomzuzu wokugqibela ukunciphisa ukufana, "Indlu lukaMtyholi" kwakungenakwenzeka batshatyalaliswe.

Mario waqala iingxaki zemali, kodwa nangona oku, wazikhaba esinye isindululo Dino De Laurentiis malunga zokudubula remake enkulu-mali ka "uKumkani Kong." izizathu zakhe Bava wachaza ukuba xa lokudubula iprojekthi umboniso oluziindleko kwisiza zimxinile abantu abaninzi kakhulu, yaye akayithandi.

ukudangala

imveliso umfanekiso olandelayo, yamitha ngumlawuli ebizwa ngokuba "Wild Dogs", apho wayecamngca iminyaka emihlanu, imisiwe. Isizathu yaba umxhasi imilinganiselo yenkampani. Ngenkani ukungahoywa bhanya ye movie "Wild Dogs" yaba wothuka ngokwenene Mario, wayengakwazi ukuba agqibe umsebenzi. Atshele wafikelwa ukudandatheka, ivaliwe zonke iiprojekthi bhanyabhanya kwaye umhlala kuphumla.

Kuphela 1977, unyana ka ncam Lamberto bacenga uyise Nowuthabatha kuqulunqo movie eyoyikekayo ebizwa ngokuba "Shock". Mario kabuhlungu waya kusebenza, abazange bakholwe ekuphumeleleni. Kodwa ke, umgangatho survey, emgceni ngokugqibeleleyo phezulu iziqephu, lo umboniso enikiweyo ukuqondwa luluntu jikelele. Igama womzobo latshintshelwa "Into emva kocango."

imvuselelo bobuchule

Mazigalelwe ngempumelelo, Bava wafumana isithembiso kunyaka ozayo ukuze ithathe novella Yaduma nempumelelo Merimee kaThixo "La Venus d'Ille". Nangona isibakala sokuba Mario ngenxa isimo esimaxongo yempilo kwanyanzeleka ukuba ucele uncedo ukudutyulwa unyana wakhe, lo mfanekiso laba emangalisayo kwaye sele kuvutha ingqalelo wokugqibela umsebenzi "ekhethekileyo" yomphathi enkulu.

Ngelishwa, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kuquka zobugcisa, ifilimu "La Venus d'Ille" kwaye iboniswa kuphela ngo-1980, emva kokufa Mario. Lo mfanekiso liye laba umzekelo entsha grand ngumlawuli cinema ukugqwesa.

"La Venus d'Ille" - esikhulu umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wobhedu yomfazi, mnyama yi kokuhlala ngaphantsi elide. Xa bemba, Venus waye unobangela ntlekele ezoyikekayo. Omnye umfana lowo uza ukutshata, ngokuqhula wabeka umsesane wayo womtshato kwi ngomnwe lo mfanekiso. Ebusuku yena elindele njengempindezelo yoyikekayo ukuba ukungakhathali kwabo. "La Venus d'Ille" ingqalelo ngokwakhe umtshakazi, weza kwebhedi-gumbi, kwaye, ngoyaba ukubhomboloza yale umtshakazi, umkhwenyana kuthinjwa, uwaphule, waqhekeza onke amathambo akhe. Umyeni wafa engcungcutheka yoyikekayo phakathi kwitekisi ebhedi lomtshato.

PIU

Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe, Bava wathabatha imizobo ngaphezulu kwe amahlanu ukuba abe ngumlawuli, aze malunga efanayo njengomsebenzisi. Ngezantsi kukho uluhlu olufinyeziweyo imisebenzi njengoko Umlawuli Mario. Ngalinye bhanya sidalwe uhlobo 'eyoyikekayo ".

• "Fish Soup" (1946).
• "Ingcwele Night O" (1947).
• "Symphony Legendary" (1947).
• "Flavian sobumongameli" (1947).
• "Nguqu Symphonic" (1949).
• "Cops nezihange" (1951).
• "I Ukuzula of Odysseus" (1954).
• "Beautiful, kodwa kuyingozi" (1956).
• "Vampire" (1957).
• "Imisebenzi uMofokeng" (1958).
• "Kaltiki monster ukungafi" (1959).
• "Sunday Black" (1960).
• "Le ntombazana, ababesazi kakhulu" (1963).
• "Ubuso amathathu ukoyika" (1963).
• "I-Umbhexeshi kunye Body" (1963).
• "Igazi Black ngentsontelo yemisonto" (1964).
• "Planet of the Vampire" (1965).
• "Umsebenzi" Uloyiko "(1966).
• "Dyavolik" (1968).
• "Bloody Bay" (1971).

Mario Bava, PIU kumba ngokwaneleyo, banikwe Okukodwa umsebenzi wakhe (ummangaliso Jala - a iintlobo leqela) yenziwe kakhulu njengomlawuli kunye intatheli. Uya kusoloko kuhlala nembeko emqulwini cinema yaseMelika.

umlawuli omkhulu, inkosi elihle wokudala bhanya eyoyikekayo, wafa ngoAprili 25, 1980. Mario Bava waba indlalifa, Lamberto Bava, awayezama ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi kayise kwaye ukudala enye hororry ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ke ukuza kuthi ga wavelisa kuphela lumo.