Leukemia - yintoni na le nto? Oonobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango lwe sifo

Leukemia - lomlandu igama wegazi, nto leyo kakhulu igazi disorder, ngokufuthi ngokungasingisi kufeni. Esi sifo uyazi akukho umda ubudala, bahlale ichaphazela abantu abadala kunye nabantwana abasafunda ukuhamba. Khawuve ukuba kutheni kukho wegazi, iimpawu, unyango lwesi sifo.

Kakuhle eli sifo

Leukemia ibangela utshintsho iiseli ezimhlophe (leukocytes) equlethwe igazi, zonke ngaxeshanye malunga neenkcukacha zamanani (inani ikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu) kunye nokubekwa (baphelise ukwenza umsebenzi wayo). Xa umntu abasempilweni umongo akhiwa zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Xa isigulane kunye leukemia landa igazi kakhulu inani lalahlekelwa - iiseli ubuntwana ezingaqhelekanga elibazisa ukukhula iiseli esempilweni. Kwezinye izandi point uba kakhulu kangangokuba ukuba zibekwe kwi umongo, faka igazi, yaye ke amasebe awohlukeneyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto leukemia - sisifo, ngokufuthi eziphela ekufeni.

izizathu

Ngelo xesha langoku ukuba akukwazeki ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ichukumisa iiseli igazi wezakhi. Noko ke, leukemia - sisifo, zingunobangela oqhelekileyo yazo yofuzo. Izazinzulu lubonise ukuba ukuba mkhaya izigulane wegazi, esi sifo ngokuqinisekileyo uya kubonakala abantwana babo, abazukulwana okanye kakhulu-ngabazukulwana. Ukongeza, isifo kunokubangela ukungaqheleki chromosomal abazali bomntwana, phakathi eziquka Turner syndrome, Blum and Down.

Enokwenza ukuba iziyobisi leykozogennye wegazi kunye iikhemikhali ezithile ezisetyenziswa emakhaya (izibulala benzene, umzekelo). Phakathi amachiza leykozogennogo ngcelele ziquka "Phenylbutazone", chloramphenicol, cytostatics, iqela antibiotics penicillin, kwakunye amachiza asetyenziswa ichemotherapy.

Kokuba kufunyaniswe ukuba omnye wemiba ebangela leukemia ukuba sesichengeni sosasazeko lwemitha. Nkqu ngokwemithamo ezininzi miniscule yokuba imitha kukho umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo.

Ivule uphuhliso wegazi kwaye ezinako iintlobo kwezifo ezosulelayo kunye wentsholongwane egazini. Eli nani likhulu kwezigulane leukemia uphila ne-HIV.

Zesifo wegazi

Ngelo isanda yokuthetha wegazi ngakumbi ezifana nomkhuhlane. Kubalulekile ukuphulaphula imeko yakho yempilo kwaye ngokukhawuleza ayisazi esi sifo, nto leyo luphawulwa mpawu zilandelayo:

• Isigulane onamava umkhuhlane kunye nobuthathaka. Ufuna ukulala rhoqo okanye, icala, iphupha ezilahlekileyo ngokupheleleyo.
• Kukho impazamo ubuchopho: isigulana ngenkankulu ikhumbula ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kuye, yaye akakwazi ukuba uqwalasele nezona zinto zilula.
• Phantsi amehlo kuvela nemivumbo, isikhumba kuba luthuthu.
• Long akazange aphilise, nkqu izilonda zincinane, kungenzeka ukopha evela iintsini kunye nempumlo.
• Ngaphandle kwesizathu fever, nto ixesha elide zigcinwe kwinqanaba 37,6º.
• Zaphazanyiswa ubuhlungu nomonde okuncinci emathanjeni.
• Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukwanda nkovu iindawo, udakada nesibindi.
• Le ndoda ophilisayo nokubetha kwentliziyo, niphele kunokwenzeka kunye nesiyezi. Isifo lwenzeka nge ukubila.
• Kudla kukho ifiva ukuba kuhlala ixesha elide kunesiqhelo, kuye kwakho ukuqhubela phambili izigulo ezingapheliyo.
• Lose umnqweno ukutya ukutya, ukuze isigulane iqala ukuphulukana ngokukhawuleza ubunzima.

Iimpawu zonyango

Xa lokufunyaniswa "leukemia" (iimpawu, unyango kunye ALS leyo ixhomekeka kwifomu ethile wegazi), kufuneka uthabathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ngokukhawuleza. leukemia Acute kufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo, apho ukwazi ukunqanda ukukhula ngokukhawuleza iiseli leukemic. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba kuzuzwe uxolelo. leukemia Chronic ukuze kuxolelwe kunqabile asinyangeki, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwanonyango ethile kuyimfuneko ukuba kubekho ulawulo phezu ekuhambeni esi sifo.

Iindlela zonyango

Xa kwafunyaniswa ukuba wegazi, ukunyanga isifo umntu unakho kuquka iinkqubo iphambili ilandelayo.

chemotherapy

Sebenzisa uhlobo amayeza afanelekileyo, leyo wasilela xa baboniswa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.

unyango radiation, okanye radiotherapy

Ukusetyenziswa radiation ezithile unako ukutshabalalisa kuphela iiseli umhlaza, kodwa ukunciphisa nkovu iindawo, udakada, isibindi, ukwanda ethe yenzeka nxamnye nesi sifo kwiinkqubo mbuzo.

Stem cell abohlukeneyo

Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba ukubuyisela ekuveliseni iiseli esempilweni kwaye ngexesha elinye iphucule amajoni omzimba. Ngamana ngaphambi abohlukeneyo of radio- okanye chemotherapy, apho maxa wambi kulula ukutshabalalisa inani elithile leeseli lomongo wethambo ukuba buthathaka isenzo kwamajoni omzimba kwaye wenze igumbi iiseli stem. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba buthathaka sifo kubalulekile, kuba kungenjalo amajoni omzimba angaqala uyalahlwa nomonde leseli zilinywe. Leukemia - sisifo esibulalayo, apho unyango kufuneka kuyiwe nzulu kakhulu. Kunye nokwamkelwa kwangethuba amanyathelo ukuphumeza bachache ngokupheleleyo.