LaseYiputa, Giza: iindawo ezinika umdla isixeko (ifoto)

Enye yeendawo ezininzi eliyimfihlakalo ehlabathini - kuba eYiputa. Giza - umzi, ecaleni nto leyo oluntsonkothileyo iiphiramidi, amangcwaba koFaro, anamandla engaqhelekanga. Wonke ubani apho, wavula iimfihlelo ezimangalisayo yale mpucuko yamandulo.

izindlu lizwe abafileyo

ubutyebi bembali kunye umdla yaseYiputa. Ngokutsho legend, ukususela ekuqalekeni kwehlabathi, eli lizwe yayilawulwa oothixo. Kwadlula izizukulwana eziliqela phambi kokuba bazisa abantu nezobundlobongela, wabanika amandla epheleleyo. Eyokuqala yaba emhlabeni ukumkani Menes. Intsomi ngaye waya kwisiGrike yaye kamva kwi isithethe yamaRoma zembali. Ezakhankanywa Menes uye UDiodorus, Manetho, yekaHerodotus, kunye nabanye.

Wahlanganisa Upper ne Lower Egypt nisekelwe isixeko weMemphis. iphiramidi - ukuba ikhaya kuqala ubomi emva kokufa ezifumaneka kule ndawo. Xa iyonke kukho malunga 118, abaninzi kwisixeko Giza, Egypt. Photo idumileyo kunokubonwa mbandela.

Ngokutsho kwithiyori ezinye izazinzulu ezinxulumene iphiramidi ne ingqolowa, kuba iqela elisongiweyo, oko ngokumila efanayo. Abanye Qinisekisa ukuba luhlobo cake, eyasetyenziswa kwi emngcwabeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kumangcwaba abafileyo wangcwatywa yaye bonke ukuba kwakuza kufuneka ukuba ubomi komhlaba. Kodwa ukwakhiwa kulo mmandla zadalwa ngamanye imigangatho. Bona ikushiye ibonwe echanileyo zokwakha, isantya lolwakhiwo wabeka amakhulu imibuzo malunga nokuqeshwa kwakhe. Iimpendulo kula abaphandi bafuna ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

City of the iiphiramidi

I lesithathu ngokuthandwa ngabantu kweli lizwe - isixeko Giza eYiputa. Mhla sigcina ukubala, inani yabemi ilinganiselwa kwi ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-3. Ngoku le ndawo imelene ngokupheleleyo kwinxalenye esentshona kwikomkhulu.

Kumgama we-25 km ukusuka Cairo okanye kwiikhilomitha ezingama-8 ukuya kwintlango evela Giza wafumana izakhiwo zokwakha XXVI-XXIII kwiinkulungwane BC. e.

Kangangethuba elide sixeko ilali encinane, kodwa kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Oko laqala ukwenyuka kabukhali. Isizathu soku baba abakhenkethi, ababhali-mbali, abathandi zobugcisa, ngubani ingqalelo ngayo umsebenzi wabo baye eYiputa. Giza waye mangcwaba esemantla eNofu, isixeko ukuba ngexesha elinye wadlala indima i zeengqukuva yamandulo impucuko. Ngoku badrshein ixabisa.

Ngokuthandwa phakathi kwabemi beli lizwe got iiphiramidi Giza ekwakhiweni abalawuli IV yaka. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abameli yokuzalwa lwangaphambili sangcwatywa kwezi ndawo.

pearl entlango

Omnye wemimangaliso esixhenxe zehlabathi yi iphiramidi ka Cheops. De kube ngoku, ababhali-mbali akakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo yakhiwa njani yaye kutheni le ndlu. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, nkqu buchopho ngenkulungwane xxi lwe zokwakha yanamhlanje ayikwazi ukufikelela ngumlinganiselo efanelekileyo zejometri engcwabeni. Hayi abalandeli kuphela nakubugcisa wamandulo kunye nabantu abakholelwa ebomini komhlaba, aye nayo eYiputa. Giza iphiramidi kunye nethala yalo iimfihlelo ezininzi.

Umthengi waba ngukumkani KHUFU, eyaziwa ngokuba Cheops. Igama yesibini wabonakala kwaye yathandwa ngenxa imisebenzi iinkcuba zamandulo zamaGrike.

Legend yokuba ukumkani okhohlakeleyo ngenkohlakalo, kwaye ubunzima ukusuka iimfeketho zokufeketha ubungangamsha. Noko ke, le buncwane okanye le uFaro ngokwakhe engcwabeni asizange wafunyanwa. Lomhleli ingqalelo umtshana kakumkani, umakhi Hemiun. Ngokutsho amaxwebhu, ukwakhiwa lweminyaka-25.

Kukho iinguqulelo ukuba eyenzelwe akunguye Pyramid Great abantu, kunye kwizidalwa ezivela Sirius. Kukho kwakhona ingxelo ukuba indalo Atlantis. Akukho umdla kangako olu khetho ukuba lizise ummangaliso impucuko yamandulo, ukuya kwinqanaba apho ababephila nto ungagulanga.

kwezihloko iqhina

Ukuphakama kwiqamza lokuqala ekuqaleni yafikelela leemitha 146,60. Kodwa Cheops hayi kuphela yakhelwe kummandla Giza ithafa. Egypt yamandulo inama ummangaliso efanayo.

Ukukopa wakha ezihlangwini KHUFU, uKumkani Chephren. Abaphandi nangoku asazi ukuba ngubani na ezihlangwini - unyana okanye umntakwabo.

Le iphiramidi yakhelwe phezu kweminyaka engama-40 kamva ngaphezu kweyokuqala, malunga phakathi kwe BC ngenkulungwane XXVI. e. ukuphakama kwalo neemitha 143,9, kodwa ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo kubekwe phezu kweenduli zonke eziphakamileyo, neendonga babe lwehla eweni, abangaboniyo kubonakala kakhulu.

Njengoko kwakunye kwingcwaba Cheops, iquka egumbini kuzo mizila emxinwa.

Kuyinto nangoku ikwimeko entle, nangona, njengoko isakhiwo yokuqala, kunciphise kancinane ubungakanani kunye ukuphakama kwawo. Ngoku 136,4 m ne 210,5 m ukuya × 210,5 m isiseko (Qala nge 215,3 × 215,3 m).

emangcwabeni abathathu ababekhe ezihonjiswe ngamatye imilo pyramidal ukuba zincedise lomculo. Ngelishwa, bonke yanyamalala kule kumsinga kwexesha. Ababhali-mbali abalwazi into abayenzayo, into zilandelayo abalinganiswa. Lo mthombo kuphela inkcazelo malunga nale yinxalenye engcwabeni - kwincam Khafre. Nangona iphiramidi ilahlekile, zanda, owathi wabeka phezu kwelitye. Oku kuye kwanceda ukubuyisela isakhiwo ukuba ifomu yalo yantlandlolo.

emangcwabeni unogada

Lo mfanekiso inkulu ehlabathini - Enkulu SPHINX of Giza. Egypt akukubona oko njengophawu ngamandla yomphathi. Oku ngomshini kumatye aqinileyo, Lion Body ubude - 73 m, umphakamo - 20 m lesikhumbuzo ibekwe amalunga nesakhiwo yesibini .. Bakholelwa ukuba ekuqaleni oko intloko wengonyama, uze emva koko wanika uFaro oko imbonakalo Khafre.

Ngelishwa, mfanekiso na kugcinwa uhlobo kuqala. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi izinto ezingcwele ezonakeleyo. Omnye wabo - kuvuthelwa tirhisaneke undoqo-mkhosi uNapoleon kaThixo. Enye indlela --Arabhu bahanahanisi ayakhe ilizwe intlabathi, esebenzisa SPHINX njengetekeni ngenxa imipu. Oku kungenxa yokuba unqulo lwabo uyakwalela ukuba ziveza ebusweni babantu.

Esiqalekisweni engcwabeni

Ukuhamba kwihlabathi lamandulo lonke, uya kubona ezintathu iiphiramidi kakhulu Giza. Egypt aphelise ngexesha wamangcwaba amakhulu ukwakha Menkaure iphiramidi. Esi sakhiwo fanele ukuba izihloko ze zakutshanje sincinane, kwanala yabaphathi-mikhosi. Kuyinto isishumi Cheops kuphela. Ingaba m 200 ukusuka Hefrena. Height -. 66 m isakhiwo sagqitywa ngowe-2505 BC. e. Imilo kunye nesimbo eyahlukileyo kangaka ukusuka ezimbini zokuqala, ukuba amaGrike wamandulo wasimisela ukwakhiwa ixesha isakhelo esitsha - malunga 550 BC. e.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngexesha ulwakhiwo iphiramidi aye anda phantse kabini. Kwakhona, lo Mycerinus umthengi wayengekho kade okukhulu. Ukuze kukhawuleziswe inkqubo, amatshe kusetyenzwa yi kwinkqubo ngaphambili. Noko ke, irhuluneli lwahluleka ukwakha lokugqibela.

Ngowe-1837, waseBritani Govard Vens wavula engcwabeni lakhe. Wafumana ke sarcophagus kwaye isiciko ngokohlobo Imifanekiso yabantu. Treasure wazama ukuya eNgilane ngenqanawa. Kodwa xa kukho uqhwithela yazika kunye okufunyanisiweyo. Ukususela ngoko, kukho ilivo kwesiqalekiso.

kwezinye iikhosi

Ngaphandle iindlela abakhenkethi jikelele, ungakwazi ukutyelela iindawo athandwa kakhulu kodwa twisisaka ngokulinganayo. Umzekelo, oku kuya kuba umdla ukubona amangcwaba nabafazi koFaro, ababingeleli kunye namagosa ixesha.

Kwakhona kula Museum of umkhonjana elanga. Uza kukuxelela malunga amavo, lona lwahlalayo iYiputa yamandulo. Giza unayo yayo necropolis ka Saqqara. Kukho 11 izakhiwo, ikakhulu VI ubukhosi, nangona kukho izakhiwo abadala. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi jikelele kumi i Inyathelo nePiramidi of Djoser. Le ibandakanya amagumbi lengcwaba 11, apho amalungu entsapho eyafakwa.