Labantu, billionaires kunye oligarchs Russian

Indlela oligarchs ezininzi eRashiya, mhlawumbi nokuba abasebenzi Forbes kuya kuba nzima ukuba ukubala: elo lizwe mkhulu kunye nenani labantu dollar kulo nyaka yonke kwandisa kuphela. Noko ke, kule TOP kakhulu lezityebi ye-Russian Federation kunyaka ngenxa indawo ephezulu kunyaka ekulweni umntu omnye. Ngoko ke ngubani na ke - billionaires Russian?

ERashiya oligarchs: ifoto, biography Vladimir Potanin

Ngo-2015, eyona nosisityebi iRashiya iye yawongwa Vladimir Potanin. Le oligarchs Russian Potanin wenza umva indlela yakhe ngo-2006, ngoko ke usomashishini waba umntu yesithandathu kweli lizwe ngokwalo ntle. Ngo-2007, uMongameli "Interros" Ukubamba lenyuka ukuya kwindawo yesi-4. Emva koko, iminyaka embalwa baphulukana kwizikhundla zabo eziphezulu ezintlanu abantu bazizinhanha lizwe, ngelixa ngo-2015 zange ukufikelela kwindawo yokuqala Forbes simo.

Potanin ngaxa lithile wafundiswa Moscow State Institute kwi-Faculty of Relations Economic International. Xa amaxesha Soviet, lo usomashishini elizayo yaba lilungu le-Young Communist League, kwaye wasebenza entsimini of Trade Foreign.

Kule 90, njengoko abantu abaninzi izama, Potanin waya ishishini labucala kunye waliseka enye iinkampani zotyalo inkulu eRashiya - "Interros". Kamva, uVladimir O., wonyuselwa ukuba lisekela-mongameli ngaseludinini "IFC" kunye noMongameli we-Bank "ONEXIM Bank". Ngenxa yemnyama.Iifandesi mboleko ngo-1995, i "ONEXIM Bank" waba umnini-51 ekhulwini lezabelo "Norilsk Nickel". Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Potanin ekhoyo% 30.3 kuphela MMC, kodwa yayanele ukuba babe yi-2015 oligarchs bazizinhanha eRashiya.

uMikhail Fridman

Uluhlu oligarchs Russian gqolo kule minyaka ziquka umnini yamaqumrhu "Alpha-Group" uMikhail Fridman. Ngowe-2015, Friedman wathabatha indawo yesibini kwi-Forbes nokubeka usomashishini ityebileyo Russian.

Yonke le nto yaqala nesibakala sokuba ngo-1980, uMnu Friedman ngokutsha ezinqabileyo amatikiti ukuya emidlalweni ezinkulu eMoscow, kwakunye disco ukulungiselela. Emva koko wagqiba ukwandisa ingeniso yawo nokwakha 'Courier "lwentsebenziswano, leyo bazihlamba iifestile. Ngowe-1989, uMnu Friedman badlulela ekuthengiseni izixhobo Yayiyimifanekiso ikhompyutha, yaye emva koko benza ukuthunyelwa ioli. Oku yindlela inkampani "Alfa-Group", nto leyo unanamhla feeds umdali wayo.

Kodwa Friedman akazange ayeke apho, yaye ekugqibeleni waba abalawuli beplanga "Alfa-Bank" liye lenza Ebomini operator mobile, inkampani "Belmarket" yaye "BelEvroset". Kwaye Friedman wakwazi ukufumana kwi kwibhodi umbutho ngayo abalawuli "ort" kunye neenkampani ioli 'SIDANCO ".

capital Personal uMikhail Fridman yaba 14.6 ezigidi zeerandi ngo-2015.

Alisher Usmanov

oligarchs Russian badla benza ngothando. Kulo mba, kakuhle eyaziwa Alisher Usmanov, ngubani iminyaka emininzi iye yaxhasa iqela lesizwe Russian kwijiminastiki yesingqi, ukuthenga kunye ubuyela amaxabiso Russian nembali, kwaye ibuyisela Nobel imedali kubanini bazo (i kunjalo Dzheysonom Uotson). Ngo-2013, Usmanov kuye kuba inani umxhasi 1 phakathi koosomashishini Russian, ngokutsho Forbes.

Iminyaka emithathu (2012 ukuya ku-2014) Usmanov wabamba isihloko somashishini ityebileyo eRashiya. Kodwa ngo 2015 indawo yi kwindawo yokuqala wesithathu, ithamsanqa yakhe kwawa $ 18 ezigidi ukuya 14.4.

Waqala umsebenzi wakhe Alisher Burhanovich kunye imveliso kwiingxowa zeplastiki. Namhlanje, usomashishini esidla kwezabelo iinkampani ezifana USM Holdings, «MegaFon», Mail.ru Group kunye DST Global, kwakunye "YUTV Ephethe". Ukususela ngo-2014, Alisher Usmanov, ulilawula ngokupheleleyo ngapha komsebenzi womnatha odumileyo lwentlalo - "VKontakte".

uViktor Vekselberg

oligarchs Russian kufika nje kuphela kwezi zixeliweyo domestic abantu anempembelelo, kodwa lwama amazwe. UViktor Vekselberg, umzekelo, phezu kwendawo 113 Emphezulwini bantu banempembelelo gqitha kweli hlabathi njengoko ka-2010. Ngowe-2015, usomashishini Russian wathabatha 4 th indawo ngokwemiqathango kakuhle-ntle: asethi zobuqu Vekselberg yi-14.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.

Viktoru Feliksovichu ithamsanqa elikhulu bavunyelwe ukwenza inkampani "Ukulungiswa" usimisele. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le nkampani iye ikhule ibe iqela ishishini elikhulu, elingumnini izabelo UC Rusal kumashishini, "Energy Systems eziDityanisiweyo", "Systems Communal Russian" kunye nabanye abaninzi. Vekselberg Uphinde izabelo kwiinkampani ezininzi Swiss, umzekelo, i-Oerlikon kunye Sulzer.

Vekselberg uthanda kuthi kuxoxwa imali ayikho nje kunzima ukwenza, kodwa kunzima ukuyisebenzisa kakuhle kubo. Ngenxa Ukuzinza ingeniso usomashishini osakhasayo, yokwaba kakuhle imali yabo iyakwazi.

Alexey Mordashov

Alexei Mordashov, ekuthiwa umnini iyingenelo ka JSC "Severstal" ngo-2011 yaba yesibini kuphela noosomashishini izityebi lizwe. Nangona kunjalo, le oligarchs Russian ekwandiseni usomashishini kuluhlu, yaye ngo-2015 wathabatha kuphela indawo yesihlanu ubutyebi lakhe-13 ezigidi zeerandi.

Waqala umsebenzi wakhe Mordashov kwi Cherepovets Steel Mill. Emva kwexesha usomashishini uyithengileyo zonke izabelo CMP kunye nazo zonke iinzuzo evela kwintengiso zesinyithi ukuya eWest wayibeka epokothweni yakhe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, usomashishini osakhasayo 79% yenkampani "Severstal", 88% - Nord Gold ne-100% - inkampani "koomatshini Amandla".

Vagit Alekperov

Vagit Alekperov ngo-2006 waba sisityebi engange-12.7 ezigidi yaye wathabatha kwindawo yesibini Forbes nokubeka noosomashishini acebe Russian. Ukususela ngoko, omncinane lilimbi Alekperov uye yonke imali eyinkunzi efanayo, kodwa ndalahlelwa ukuya kwindawo yesithandathu kuluhlu.

Lomsebenzi ishishini Vagit Yusufovich kwaqala 1980, wathabatha phezu njengoko CEO "Kogalymneftegas". Shiya ushishino oyile emva kokuwa eSoviet Union zange ibe usomashishini osakhasayo waseka iqela "Langepasuraikogalymneft". Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Vagit Alekperov, uye 22.7% yezabelo of "Lukoil", ngoko ukuthetha, hayi isiqalekiso.

Billionaires nje kuphela zizityebi, kodwa maxa wambi uye yimali. Nyaka ngamnye, uluhlu ebizwa ngokuba "oligarchs Russian zangaphambili" izakuhlaziywa ubuso obutsha. Phakathi kwazo kukho umntu onjalo, njengokuba bhanki Sergei Pugachev, uMikhail Khodorkovsky. Ezinye billionaires yimali bayafunwa izimali kunye nolwabiwo nempahla. Bona ukuthuthela phesheya ukumangalela kwiNkundla yaseYurophu uze uzame ukukhusela igama lakhe esendimbaneni, zithi bonke iingxaki zabo ityala amagunya Russian.

Business kunye nepolitiki basoloko uyahambelana, kukho kusoloko kukho inkcaso ezifihlakeleyo ezicaceleyo kwezi nkalo. Nganye ukhusela neemfuno zawo zonke iindlela. Ngoko ke, inyaniso yokwenene, mhlawumbi, akukho namnye uya kumazi.