Iwayini odumileyo waseFransi. Ukwahlukanisa Wine French

France yeyona ndawo lidala eYurophu, nto leyo amawaka eminyaka liyaqhubeka ukwenza isithethe iwayini yayo. Kulapha kwinkulungwane 6 BC yayinguDionysus wazalwa isiselo amanene.

Indlela ukukhetha ngewayini?

akuyi kuba nzima A Ukukhethwa gourmet kwiintlobo French, Noko ke, kubantu uninitiated abanjalo iyantlukwano nzisa intloko. Phambi kokuba uthenge qiniseka ukuba ukuhlola iileyibhile kwileyibhile ibhotile. Eveza banga, inani izidanga, uhlobo, ukwakhiwa kunye nezinye bokuqonda ukuba akuyomfuneko ukuba bakubetha ngoyaba.
Ayibalulekanga kangako xa ukhetha wines waseFransi ngumhla ukukhululwa kunye nendawo ngawo. kufuneka iimpawu ezifanelekileyo ahlukile, umzekelo itywina okanye utyikityo kwi iintsuba ezinophawu ntlobo amanene.

Xa uthenga iwayini awukwazi ndiphoswe iinkcukacha olunye, nkqu indlela ngawo. Ukuba unikwa ngesi kwisityalo, kusenokuba ngumgubo. Ukubunjwa lo mba Unga ukusombulula umntu elula esitratweni. Enoba kunjalo, phambi kokuba uthenge kufuneka wazi udidi, uhlobo kunye nohlobo newayini.

Classification ngu varietal ukubunjwa

Share iwayini ingaba ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, umz isiqulatho carbon dioxide, okanye iswekile. Noko ke, kucalulo kwibanga lokuqala. gourmets ntiyiso anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kulo. Ucalulo sewayini yaseFransi ngokusekelwe:

- monosepazhnye (ezenziwe yomdiliya nye);
- assamblyazhnye (eziveliswa kumxube iintlobo ezahlukeneyo).

Iziselo bohlulwa kwi ngomxholo carbon dioxide. Apha cell iwayini cwaka yabengezela. France ebesoloko idume kwiintlobo yayo 'ugwebu "ezifana Foro, kunye Domain. Iwayini cwaka zange ibe carbon dioxide, kwaye yabengezela - esahlukileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuba udidi lwesibini zithandwa kakhulu zokutyela ekupheleni eliphezulu-ehlabathini lonke.
Ngu inqanaba iwayini iswekile ezo zomile, semi-owomileyo dessert ukuba simnandi okanye semisweet. Ke ukuba utywala, yonke into ixhomekeke indlela ukubila. Isixa utywala ziyahluka ukuya kwi-23%.

Classification quality

Hayi Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba iwayini French ezi eliphekwe abangenabuchule. Inqanaba umgangatho wokuqala libhekisela nje ezinjalo. Le VDT, ithetha ukuba itafile esiXhoseni. Yeediliya nabesoloko ikhule kwamanye amazwe lwetheknoloji zasekuhlaleni. Amaninzi, ezi iwayini ezi assamblyazhnymi. kubo sakugcina, ngoko ke ixabiso liphantsi kakhulu. mthamo wegrangqa - ukuya kwi-15%.

Inqanaba lesibini umgangatho - VDP, okanye iintlobo "ekuhlaleni". Iimfuno kuphola ezinjalo engaphezulwana nje kancinane kune kwigumbi lokutyela. Kufuneka zenziwe yeediliya ikhule kuphela kwintsimi ethile phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ezi ntlobo zixhomekeke nokungcamlwa ngokucokisekileyo. iimpawu Rich bangcamle yaye ibe ngaphantsi kwe-9% utywala. Ixabiso ibhotile nganiso kwaye kuxhomekeke uhlobo.

Uninzi aphambili yaseFransi kuba kudidi lwe AOC. Inkqubo yemveliso yonke Indyebo ukuya ezibhotileni lilawulwa yikomishoni okhethekileyo. Kukho zibalulekile zonke iinkcukacha iidiliya ezilinywa, apho kwaye nendlela apho igcinwa nendlela ukulicudisa, lingakanani ixesha na kuxinezeleko kwezinye nemigqomo. Monitoring wenziwa ngokungqongqo ngokomthetho. Ekupheleni iwayini ethunyelwe iKhomishoni yilebhu uphando zize ke kuphela ukuba ezwe. Ukuba umenzi ifumene imvume ukukhulula ethululwayo, imveliso yalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba kudlule iimvavanyo elinesibini, kodwa ekuphela kwendlela ukuphumeza result ogqibeleleyo. Ukuqonda oko ulwahlulohlulo iwayini French nga ukunceda abathengi ongenamava ukuba ukhethe uhlobo olululo omnye okanye omnye. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba iziselo eziveliswa kwimimandla eyamkelekileyo (Bordeaux, iBurgundy, Languedoc, njalo njalo. D.), Ngaba zihlelwe ngokuzenzekelayo nje AOC. Besekhaya ukuya kwinqanaba elithile umgangatho lusoloko kubonisiwe kwileyibhile, kwakunye ummandla apho iidiliya akhule. On iibhotile uyakwazi ukufumana umbhalo «inkulumbuso CRU» okanye «CRU grand» - oku yi uhlobo eyongezelelweyo ebonisa imveliso oluphezulu.

Bordeaux iwayini

Ezi ntlobo ke waseFrance eziyinzalelwane yalapha zibizwa ngokuba "izipho zolwandle." Isibakala sokuba kumazwe iwayini zibekwe phakathi imilambo ezintathu: i-Garonne, Dordogne kunye Gironde. Phakathi imimandla elite kukubonelela Burzhe-Blaye, Liburne, Entre-Deux-Mer, Soterne kunye nabanye. Le ndawo enkulu yenziwa kuphela iwayini yaseBordeaux. France ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 dumile kulo lonke kubulela zehlabathi esixhoseni ezifana Chateau Margaux, Semillon kunye Cabernet uFranc.

Bordeaux iwayini ngokuphawulekayo evela kwabanye. Isizathu sokuba oku kuba izinto ezifana sezulu onomoya kwaye isakhiwo ethile womhlaba. Ukongeza, kuphela bewayini kakhulu kulo lonke ilizwe esebenza kule ngingqi. Kwicala elikhuthazayo kuyacaca ukuba ezi iintlobo nokuba kufutshane elwandle, nto leyo iba nefuthe kuyingenelo kumgangatho kweediliya.

Bordeaux igqalwa enye aphambili assamblyazhnyh eYurophu. Iintlobo emhlophe zomthonyama ziquka Semillon, Sauvignon kunye Muscadelle. France iiwayini ezibomvu ekuveliseni kummandla Bordeaux: Merlot, Cabernet uFranc, Malbec, Petit Verdot kunye nabanye. Nganye kwezi ndidi lezimanga obude zabo, isongo ubuncwane kunye nemvakalo ekhethekileyo. Inyathelo eyahlukileyo ongudiwu Inqaba Margaux, egqalwa kakhulu elite "isipho kweelwandle."

iiwayini Burgundy

Ezi ntlobo kuba kuphela oluphezulu "Premium". iiwayini Burgundy of eFrance elinuka ekugqibeleni kuba ethambileyo kunye acerbity okuncinane.

Kumabakala Joseph Drouhin kunye Faiveley, owayebonakele ekuyeni ekupheleni 90, ngo-apile ogqibeleleyo imvisiswano melon utshwala, oki ixolo kunye neeamangile. A texture bukhrim nomsi incasa ukukhanya ukwenza oku asele ongasoze kunye nanto. Uhlobo La Chablisienne abe umbala twisiseka segolide kunye ithinti kancinane zana. It sibonisa vumba athambileyo idibanisa kunye apile kunye pere, kunye oningga, udiliza-orenji, kunye clover lokudubula. Ngenxa incasa esithintelweyo olunamafutha zange ndaziva kwi degrees 12 inqaba.

Kukwabalulekile ukuqaphela uhlobo Pascal Bouchard, ingakumbi model ngonyaka ka-1998. Lo iwayini - enye ezimbalwa iBurgundy, ezilingana phantsi udidi "Ozukileyo". Abantu bakubiza kwilali ngenxa isongo elibukhali kakhulu, kodwa ke ukungcamla le othululwayo nto okuneziqholo kakhulu.

Awukwazi indiva uhlobo La Chablisienne. Le isiselo golden zizityebi izithako enuka kamnandi, nto leyo ibandakanya spearmint,-amangile noJasmine, kunye vanilla, nkqu ikalika.

Wines i Loire Valley

Kukholelwa ukuba imidiliya kuqala kulo mmandla omiliselwe St. Martin kwasekuqaleni kunyaka 380 BC. e. Eziveliswe apha iiwayini ezibomvu waseFransi zahluke ivumba obuneentyatyambo-elinuka ngothsuphe ocinga ngayo izikhumba.

Iintlobo-ntlobo ezininzi Vallée de la Loire zingahlukaniswa epinki Chinon kunye Bourgueil. Kwindawo ekuthiwa Montlouis bekhula imidiliya, apho ukuvelisa iwayini dessert. Akukho ayikwazi kubonwa kwi iilebhile yamagama 'elimnandi', njengoko ezi iintlobo kulo mmandla ubizwa ngokuba 'ethambileyo ". Le meko ifana kunye iwayini emnandi, nto entilini Laura ekuthiwa utshwala.

Aphezulu wobomi ezi ntlobo - ukususela kwiminyaka eli-10. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, unako ukuyivula ibhotile emva kweminyaka 4. Uninzi emhlophe iwayini ophucukileyo France kunye Valley - Saint-Nicolas de Bourgueil. Kwezinye iintlobo kudidi AOC kummandla we-Loire ayikho akufuneki ukubakhankanya Daniel Allias, Foreau kunye Francis Mabille.

Wines of the Rhone Valley

Le nkqutyana-mmandla ochumileyo eFransi iye yavulwa kuthelekiswa kutshanje - ekuqaleni kwewaka entsha. Okokuqala-ukuma Crozes Hermitage iwayini kunye Gigondas. Ezi iziselo kwahluka ngamandla kunye kufumaneka bantu. In ivumba ugalelwe rasberries, cherries, iziqholo, amaxolo oki kunye licorice. Ekupheleni kuka-2001 weza iwayini umgca ekukhanyeni Chateaunef du Pape. Le isiselo emnyama ebomvu egcinwe isongo abuthethileyo of nabantwana ngokundibamba inyama watshaya kunye nobulawu. Stores ukuya kwiminyaka eli-15.

France iwayini emhlophe, ekuveliseni Rhone entilini, esibonakala ikhukule iithowuni agudileyo bulubhelu kunye nocikizeko omangalisayo incasa. izithako Proprietary leyo ngomngampunzi ubusi kunye ntyatyambo yitela. Abameli kakhulu kwiintlobo - Hermitage ka-2000 no-2002, Condrieu.

Languedoc Roussillon iwayini kunye

Phambi kokufumana inkululeko, Algeria ezi iintlobo wathabatha kwindawo yokuqala kuzo zonke kwimiboniso ngamazwe kunye Ukungcanyulwa. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inyaniso kukuba kulo mmandla akukho imali yaneleyo ukudala zonke izimo ezidingekayo ukuze ukulinywa iidiliya, bangabi sakhunjulwa unyango yayo. Ngelishwa, imozulu intle kwaye nomhlaba ochumileyo - into kuphela uqhayisayo nakummandla eyaziwa Roussillon kunye Languedoc.

iintlobo ezininzi sewayini egcinwe ukusuka eFransi ngonaphakade zitshone zisabonakala ngasekuqaleni 1980. Kodwa kukho umhlaba ezincinane ezininzi ezingena kudidi lwe AOC. Iwayini idumileyo eziveliswa ngayo kubo nezibaya du Rousillon kunye Coteaux du Languedoc.

Kuloo ntlambo, Languedoc Roussillon livelise iintlobo ubukhulu becala bomvu pink.

Iiwayini of Champagne

Kule ndawo, umhlaba wohlulwe ngokungqongqo kwidolophana, apho zikhula kuphela iintlobo kuphela neenkqubo kubo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ngasese. Njengoko yaziwa, iwayini edume France - kodwa champagne abomvu namhlophe. Ukuveliswa aba iziselo abantu kwezi lali ezizodwa ukunikezela ubomi bakhe bonke. Ezintathu iintlobo-ntlobo best champagne yayiquka Blanc de Blancs. Umnini womhlaba eminyaka yomkhaya Monkyui. Blanca ibhotile 1995 kuqikelelwa kwi amawaka eerandi, nabo bonke ngenxa incasa yohlobo lo yesiselo.

Kwakhona kwi phezulu ezintathu iquka champagne ngenxa kwiintlobo amanene "Pinot Meunier", njengokuntshula kuphela emazweni Jean Mutarde e Syurmelene.

Musa ukulibala malunga ethululwayo, ezipinki Mutare Minor. Ngomhla kummandla Côte-de-Bar yenziwe enye eyona ukukhanya champagne lizwe.

Iwayini of Savoie and Jura

Le mimandla elise kwimpuma lika-Burgundy, kufutshane Saône River. Ngenxa a bewayini kwindawo entle unyaka wonke kukumbona abalandeli bakhe Chardonnay IiReggaeton Chateau Chalon. Kufuphi ezintabeni Jura zikhule iintlobo kakuhle zombini ezimhlophe ebomvu, ukuze abanini belizwe indawo yovavanyo olukhulu "ingqondo". Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-savoy wenza aphambili elimnandi France.

Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi iintlobo zasekuhlaleni zibomvu Pulsar, Trousseau kunye pino Nuar, kwakunye emhlophe - Savannah Chardonnay. A isici esasenza iwayini Jura uyinqaba eliphezulu - ukuya kutsho kuma-16% utywala. Oku kufezekiswe ngenxa uhlobo olulodwa Igwele ekuthiwa mikoderma ityala.

Iintlobo ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kummandla i emhlophe Chateau Chalon.

Iiwayini of Provence

Kuba kubantu abaninzi, la iintlobo anxulunyaniswa kwiilali ezincinane kunye namasimi ogcwele yinkukuma ngeentyatyambo. Ngelishwa, iiwayini olulophu eFransi, apho ziveliswa ngaphakathi Provence, lusebenzeni ngokuyimfuneko njengoko iziselo ezifanayo iBurgundy okanye Bordeaux, kodwa bona babe abalandeli abathembekileyo. Ummeli ibalulekileyo ziintsapho Bandol. Le iwayini obomvu thathwa nje AOC. Lubonakala ngokuba livumba osisityebi iziqholo, iziqhamo kunye neenaliti. Kuvuthwa iznto oki iminyaka emi-2, kodwa ekugqibeleni abafezekileyo kunokufikelelwa kuphela iminyaka elishumi.

Unako kwakhona ukukhetha iiwayini ezibomvu of Côte de Provence. Yakhiwa iidiliya ezifana "Ser", "Carignan" "kunuaz" "Vermentino" "Mourvèdre" et al.

Iwayini edume yaye kubize of France

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izityebi evela kulo lonke ihlabathi bakulungele ukuhlawula amakhulu amawaka eerandi ze kwiintlobo kuphela kunye Chateau ulawulo. Aphambili French ayabiza kakhulu, kodwa incasa babonakala maxa wambi ithuba elinye kuphela ebomini.

Kwindawo yesithathu i Chateau Mouton eRothschild. Ibhotile 1945 iqikelelwa kwi-115 lamawaka eerandi. Nawuphi taster self-ukuhlonipha umqokeleli uya kubiza le liluselo, inyaniso iwayini ummangaliso.

On line yesibini ahlala Inqaba Lafite model ngonyaka 1787. Namhlanje iiwayini French le layini zingathengwa kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile, kodwa ke ngelo xesha ekuphela ibhotile yehlabathi Chateau Lafite. ixabiso layo kuqikelelwa kwi-160 lamawaka eerandi.

Iwayini French kakhulu eninzi kwaye olupheleleyo champagne Monopoli evela isivuno 1907. Ixabiso ibhotile iqhotyoshelwe yokuba yakuba yanikezelwa Tsar Nicholas II, kodwa kamva yalahleka ethunyelwayo ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Kodwa oludale Bakhubeka phezu impahla exabisekileyo ngowe-1998, iqela iefa. Ngoku Monopole ibhotile ixabisa kungekho ngaphantsi kwe-275 lamawaka eerandi.