Isigodlo Varlaam-Khutyn: ncomo, idilesi, izikhombisi, ishedyuli kweenkonzo, photo

Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery, ibekwe neekhilomitha ezilishumi ukusuka Novgorod, yaye ngaphambili oyindoda, kwaye ngoku yinkazana. Eyona itempile kaThixo kangangeenkulungwane kuthathwa ukuba izinto ezingcwele umseki wayo - St. Varlaam. Noko ke, akukho namnye amagqabi apha ngaphandle wayetyelele ingcwaba imbongi edumileyo Russian kunye laseburhulumenteni zenkulungwane elinesibhozo, uGabriel Derzhavin. Yena wangcwatyelwa akasekude yecawa engundoqo, ecaleni umfazi wakhe D. Dyakova.

incazelo

Indawo ngqo kule eMonastri ingcwele - ongaphandle yomntla kwidolophu encinane Novgorod, apho isihloko yathiywa itempile. Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery umi kunxweme ezintle le Volkhov. Lo mlambo uyingangamsha yaye ngenyameko ubungqina ebeka ngakumbi njenge stand-olunzulu echibini ...

Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery abaziqhelileyo nabasemzini kulo lonke eRashiya, nje kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka Novgorod yesicelo. Babone kude amajukujuku zawo zesilivere, yaye ukuqhuba kufutshane, uyakwazi ukubona ikhephu-ezimhlophe Cathedral ngokwayo, emi phezu eweni lomlambo Volkhov.

Ngokwembali, woonongendi kwakukho into eyindoda, kodwa namhlanje oko kuyimfuneko ukuvuselela abafazi. Ngowe-1994, unyaka apha ukusuka weemonki waya Pühtitsa monki ezine kunye nomama wakhe Alexia. Okwangoku yena uhlala kwaye usebenza apha, ethandaza imihla ngemihla, malunga noonongendi mane.

Namhlanje Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery njengenye yeendawo ezininzi watyelela oluya kwi ntshonalanga lizwe. Rhoqo ngeCawa, apha kuza iibhasi ezimbalwa ukusuka eyinkunzi kunye ne St Petersburg, Belgorod kunye Voronezh, kwezinye izixeko ezininzi kungekuphela eRashiya kodwa Ukraine. Balundwendwe emhla kwi woonongendi umdla nje kuphela ngamandla seal, kodwa isilayidi, awalibethayo saint, esebenzisa calotte yakhe kuphela. Umdla, kodwa ilizwe akavumelekanga ukuba naye. Apha isixelela ukuba omnye wabafazi, pick up kangangesandla yomhlaba, liphupha weza Barlaam nomsindo yaye wayalela ukuba basise ukuthatha umva. Waya kuthi kakuhle, nto leyo emba uMfundisi. Kukholelwa ukuba loo manzi akenzi ukuba kuphela okunencasa kakhulu, kodwa ephilisayo. Abantu abaninzi beze kule manzi, ingakumbi xa ilixesha lokuvuna ngamalungiselelo ebusika.

indaba

Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery, ukubuyekeza kusiyiwa leyo zizele iinkumbulo efudumeleyo, wasinda ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ubudala imbali amahla ndinyuka. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba idume imimangaliso senzeka xa izinto ezingcwele umseki wayo - uMfundisi Barlaam. Sisihlandlo sokuqala woonongendi bobabo 1192.

umsunguli wayo esebenza kule lali Khutyn kudala, kudala ngaphambi kokuba kubekho eMonastri apha Varlaamo-Khutyn. Beka ngexesha bekulula engancumisiyo. Okude evela Novgorod iikhilomitha eziliqela, yaba negama elibi. Kunxweme lomlambo Volkhov, ngokobutyebi emathafeni, abantu balapha aphefumlelweyo uloyiko neenkolelo. Kwathiwa ukuba ezi iindawo ophakamileyo umoya okhohlakeleyo , kwaye kukho ezininzi i iinyoka. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngoko, kunye negama layo, lo ihlomela-Novgorod wawufanelekile - Khutyn, okubonisa "indawo embi." Nangona kunjalo, i monk Varlaam, Musa ukuboyika amarhe ezimbi, emva konke, sagqiba ekubeni sihlale apha. Kule ihlathi emnyama ashinyeneyo weza ukungena - msebe eliqaqambileyo ukukhanya ezinzulwini i kwintshinyela nezangaphakathi ncedo ngemali. Kwaye loo nto umnike into kuye ithemba. Ngokutsho legend Mfundisi iinyoka ezivaliweyo ukusondela woonongendi esisondeleyo kuwe ngaphezu neekhilomitha ezilishumi elinambini. Ngoko ke, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku akukho nanye isirhubuluzi akusekho apho. In memory of eli bandla yokuqala encinane woonongendi yamiselwa wokuwonga elaa Kumbi kaNdikhoyo.

umsunguli

Ukuba ubomi behlabathi kakhulu indoda esisityebi, i monk Varlaam echithe imali eninzi kwi ukufunyanwa kunye nokuphuculwa Khutyn yokuhlala. Mbali ibonisa ukuba woonongendi Varlaamo-Khutyn wafumana ilifa lakhe kwiilali ezimbini lonke ngamakhoboka, kwakunye ezininzi 'ukutshata kunye Lobel. " Ngoko ke, lo seal wabeka isiseko elizayo kakuhle-ntle woonongendi, bachitha omninzi umsebenzi impumelelo yakhe yokomoya. Oko Barlaam kuqala laqeqesha kwabeMi abaphila, owathi kamva waba amanani bavelela.

Merit Varlaam

Kodwa kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa emva kokuba kunikezelwe itempile, leyo ke ngokuba yoTshintsho boMsindisi, i monk Varlaam wafa. Kwathi ngo 1192. Bangcwabe Archbishop wakhe. Oku, ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, ubungqina intlonelo enkulu, eyasetyenziswa umphathi Novgorod. Emva kokufa kwakhe woonongendi Varlaamo-Khutyn waqhubeka ukusebenza, kodwa ivakale ilumeza zibe kwimeko ukuhla. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, imigudu amakhulu abafundi zonke uqinisa kwaye ixhobisa.

Kukholelwa ukuba ubuhle bayo bangaphandle kunye yokuhlala nobungangamela kukho igalelo owenza Novgorod osisityebi, kakhulu chtivshie Varlaam. Ngelishwa, encinane kakhulu wahlala ulwazi obubhaliweyo malunga xesha yokuqala ubukho besi weemonki. Ngoko ke kunzima namhlanje ngqondweni zonke zifunwayo ziza ezaye zenziwa ngoko. Kunzima kuba akukho namnye izakhiwo abasusela kwixesha, kuquka yoTshintsho Church, akukho igcinwe.

Ubomi abemi bokuqala

Kukholelwa ukuba seal Barlaam, ngubani wayeyindoda "ethi" kwaye ukuqonda ukuba isiko lamaKristu waseByzantium yamandulo esekwe ngokupheleleyo woonongendi somqulu cenobitic. Abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa le ngxelo nje guess, ekubeni ingxelo yokuqala, ebalisa ubomi emishini kwi woonongendi, ilungu kwinkulungwane yeshumi. Banikela ngo "Iimeko impangele" wakhe uSigmund von Herberstein, lowo uthi ukuba umphathi, owaba isidlo eqhelekileyo kunye nabazalwana, wayesoloko thethwana noonongendi ezininzi, phambi kokuba imibuzo ebalulekileyo ukuze ingxoxo nabanye abemi.

izinto ezimangalisayo

Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery, ifoto ezibonisa ubungangamsha le tempile, njengoko kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo bonke-Russian yaphakanyiswa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane weshumi elinesihlanu. Sele 1460 izinto ezingcwele i monk Varlaam waqalisa uhambo. Imbeko yaphuma kuye Grand Duke Vasily II kunye noonyana bakhe, uAndreya kunye kaYuri. Ngowe-1460, izinto ezingcwele i monk George Tumgenyu - postelnichim njengenkosana - bavunyelwa impiliso.

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ngowe-1471, isiganeko kuthatha indawo kwi woonongendi, leyo Ndisakhumbula Novgorod Kuluvuyo olukhulu. Grand Prince Ivan III, wafuna ukufumana amandla Barlaam, yadubadubeka. Xa umyalelo wakhe waqalisa esomba ingcwaba yengcwele, iqhuma usemhlabeni umlilo, yatsha iindonga kunye neengcango iconostasis. Grand Duke wabaleka esoyika, kunye nabasebenzi bakhe, Inxalenye yawo ndiyitshisile isibingelelo eso ugcinwe ithuba elide apha sacristy le esakhiweni.

Enye zonqulo edume Russian

Esi siganeko yokuba namhlanje nguMfundisi uSergiyo of Radonezh belingana kunye saint idumileyo eRashiya. Nangona isigodlo emva nokudliwa Novgorod eMoscow uphulukene inxalenye ngamafa zabo, yena wahlala enye bazizinhanha yosisi, yesibini kuphela Yuriev.

Ngowe-1540 icawa zokutshiswa ngumlilo, eyaqalisa xa chudotvortseva ibhokisi. Wamtshisa yonke into evela icons nawokugqiba umnyango wangaphambili. Kodwa elide usizi woonongendi: ukubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu baqokelela imali ngokwaneleyo, isabelo yengonyama leyo inikelwe izikhulu zendawo. Kungekudala kakhulu yoTshintsho weemonki waba nto yayintle ngakumbi kunokuba kwakunjalo ngaphambili.

iintlekele

A eminyaka ezimbalwa kamva, ngowe-1611, woonongendi kwafuneka ukuba aye ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo olunzima. Ngexesha lokuhlasela Swedish, inkokeli leyo Yakob Delagardi, oko Khutyn wahlala wakhethwa ukuba ikomkhulu abasemzini isixhobo. Kwaye mna ndithi, baziphatha balwa kuyo kunokuba unceremoniously. Ababhali-mbali ngenxa yezenzo zabo ebizwa ngqo ukuphanga. Kwaye yinyaniso; nokuba umhlaza Varlaam balwa azizange onga ndihambe ndikhetha kuyo zonke isilivere.

Phakathi kwinkulungwane elinesixhenxe, emva kokuba ukugxothwa abahlaseli, kwagqitywa ekubeni ekuhlaziyeni yamandulo Kumbi Cathedral kunye nokwakhiwa isakhiwo ngamatye. Eyakhiwe kwindawo enye, kwaye namhlanje ukunyanzela kunye okumangalisayo Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery.

Njani ukuba akukho

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iicawa ezininzi Russian neetempile, le iyindawo ifumaneke lula ukufika apha ngezithuthi zikawonke. Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery, idilesi yakhe: ummandla Novgorod, evule. Khutyn, yindawo apho amawakawaka athembekileyo nombhiyozo leeholide. Ukuze ufumane ukuba ayikho nzima. inombolo ibhasi esabangela 121 ukusuka Novgorod kwisikhululo sebhasi ukuba Khutyn rhoqo.
Xa imoto uyakwazi ukufikelela ukusuka kwiziko yengingqi, ukuba udlulele Bolshaya Moskovskaya Street. Ekudibaneni kunye esitratweni Derzhavina jika ngasekunene yaye, emva kokuba i isalathisi Khutyn, yiya ngasekhohlo. Emva kwemizuzu embalwa apho kuya kubakho ifolokhwe ekhokelela kwi Monastery esitratweni. Yaba yena uya kukhokelela ngqo Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery.

schedule of Services

Imihla ezindongeni zendlu zabanjwa umthandazo efanayo kusasa kunye Midnight kunye akathist ezinkonzweni, oqalisa ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithandathu kusasa. Emva kokuphela kwiingqungquthela ebandleni ecaweni yaseSt Varlaam kunye nemithandazo yakhe kakuhle. inkonzo ngokuhlwa iqala ngentsimbi yesi-18. NgeCawa ngokuhlwa kwi yecawa ephambili phambi izinto ezingcwele St. Varlaam ukufunda akathist.

Neeholide neentsuku ezikhethekileyo kwi woonongendi zinxulunyaniswa ikakhulu kunye negama owasungula layo. Ukukhunjulwa monk lubhiyozelwa ngoNovemba 19 ngoLwesihlanu wokuqala ngexesha leNzila Petrova. Patronal womthendeleko Kumbi kaNdikhoyo kwi woonongendi lwenzeka ngomhla we-19 Agasti.

okuvelayo lokuya

Mother Prioress yi Alexis. Ukuba kusikelelwa ukuqokelelwa iminikelo evela amarhamente yokwakha indlwana phezu kwenduli, leyo esinyusiweyo imonki wakhe waliseka Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery.

Izimvo ngokundwendwela le tempile engcwele imfudumalo kunye nothando. Abaninzi bathi ekungqungqeni eninzi amarhamente, Kwanovuma kwizithethe Pühtitsa. Mhle zihamba Macarius uyise. Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery inebhongo confessor yakhe. Nangona ubawo wam Ndandisemncinci kakhulu, yena, ebalawula yi-ncomo, unaso isipho uthando kunye nentuthuzelo. Enoba zingaphi nabasemzini kufika apha mhlawumbi, ikho Onke amazwi ububele ngoncumo, wonke umntu uthetha iindwendwe weemonki, sikelelani, ithanjiswe ibhotolo gorochku emva komthandazo bonke abeza Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery. Macarius kunjalo uwuthandayo le bahambi ukuba ngokuqhula ekuthiwa gidromonahom. Into yokuba ngamnye kubo unako ukulungiselela i-emele yamanzi lengingqi kakuhle wayesaziwa kakuhle, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zemozulu okanye ixesha lonyaka.

Ngelo isigodlo, endulini elincinane, kukho yingcwele of St. Barlaam. Kukho amavo ukuba uhambe ngeenxa zonke endulini zihlangu, kwathi zonke izifo. Abaninzi zisixelela ukuba abafuni ukuya apho, kuba kukho uhlobo umlingo kunye nomoya nje yenzeka ukuba amagama azibonisi.

Varlaamo-Khutyn Monastery ibekwe kwindawo entle apho yonke kubonakala ukuba ube nje liyana. Nkqu umoya apha okhethekileyo. A bakhonzi, ebalawula yi-ncomo, besiza kubulisa lundwendwe ngamnye ufudumale, iindwendwe ukuba umntu uziva ekhaya.