Inkqubo yemali ye-Russian Federation

inkqubo wolawulo - uhlobo unit wemali kweli lizwe, nto leyo ngumthetho yaye inika nomanyano izinto ezahlukeneyo lokuhamba imali.

Inkqubo yemali icwangcisa lwemali metal, imali, ayenza ukuze, indlela ejikeleza ngayo imali.

Le nkqubo a metal ezindilekileyo, enza umsebenzi jikelele elilinganayo. metal Monetary umiselwa kwemiqathango elithile ezimbalini. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kumazwe zongxowankulu ukuba igolide endaweni zesilivere.

inkqubo yemali National baqalisa ukuba imilo malunga 16-17 eminyaka. kunye nengxelo capitalism, uthi ndawonye kwaye ukuyilwa zesizwe.

Inkqubo yemali ka naliphi na ilizwe livelise kuquka izinto ezifana lwemali, uhlobo oluthile okanye iintlobo zemali, isikali ixabiso, inkqubo yolawulo ukukhutshwa kunye izixhobo karhulumente imali.

Lwemali - imali metal anqabileyo, ukuze kuthathwe ukuba isikali amaxabiso. Igama ikharensi kumiselwa ngurhulumente. Isikali amaxabiso yimbonakaliso kweendleko kwempahla ipesenti ethile ngokobunzima metal esixabisekileyo unit malini.

Iintlobo imali ukuba ithenda esemthethweni esemthethweni, abolekisa ngemali kunye namanqakwana ebhankini, iinkozo zemali kunye nemali engamaphepha.

Phantsi kwenkqubo ukukhutshwa uyayiqonda umyalelo ukukhululwa kunye nokuphathwa elandelayo engamaphepha, ebekwe ngumthetho. Issue olugcinwe yi-Central Bank kunye likaNondyebo.

Inkqubo yemali luphawulwa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onke amazwe zaphuhliswa. Yeyona ukupheliswa esemthethweni umxholo legolide iiyunithi lemali (demonetization zegolide); uqeqeshelwa ukuba imali mboleko; ukonga ejikeleza kunye ngetyala imali iphepha; ukwanda non-cash imali kwegazi; nokukhutshwa engamaphepha ngezimali zikarhulumente ekunene, phantsi kolawulo kunye nokukhula zegolide lwemali agciniwe; nokuqinisa ulawulo karhulumente imali.

Inkqubo yemali angamelwa omnye iindidi zalo ezimbini. Lokuqala - inkqubo lwemali sisinyithi ngokusekelwe imali yokwenene (ebuntsimbi ngegolide okanye isiliva), apho yamaphepha ajikeleza zibe nokutshintshanisa imali yokwenene. Okwesibini - inkqubo iphepha-credit unyango, xa imali lokwenene indawo kwixabiso imiqondiso ezibalaseleyo kuhlala kuphela iphepha credit iindlela ejikeleza kunye nentlawulo.

inkqubo Namhlanje yemali ye-Russian Federation waqalisa kuvela emva kokuwa. Namhlanje, inkqubo yezimali kunye nemisebenzi lwemali ngokomthetho kwi-Central Bank of 12.04.1995 kulo nyaka, nto leyo wagqiba isiseko layo lomthetho.

Icandelo lemali ye-Russian Federation (imali) wakhetha engange. Intshayelelo kwezinye yeeyunithi imali akuvumelekanga ngumthetho. Asifuneki ngokusemthethweni ratio phakathi engange kunye negolide.

Le imali engange iqondo lonaniso nxamnye kwemali yamazwe ephuhliswe ebekwe yi-Central Bank of the Russian Federation kunye ngokusemthethweni ashicilelwe. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukugcinwa kweemeko eziqhelekileyo umsebenzi noqoqosho lweli lizwe.

Iintlobo imali, kunye osetyenziswayo Russian Federation - uphawula kunye zemali netyhidiweyo. Bona banikwa-asethi ye-Central Bank, zibandakanya iindawo zokugcina zegolide, izibambiso, kunye noovimba amaziko ngetyala.

I-Central Bank ngelithi iisampuli yamaphepha. Ngomba imali entsha ingxelo kumajelo eendaba.

Kwi-Russian Federation are in kwegazi imali (engamaphepha kunye eziinkozo) kunye non-cash (imali kwi-akhawunti kumaziko ngetyala).

Njengoko engange ayiqhakamshelwa igolide, kwisikali ezisisigxina amaxabiso kwi Russian Federation no. Urhulumente umisa ngokusesikweni isikali ixabiso engange.

Central Bank ukulawula uqoqosho ngokusebenzisa yomgaqo-lawulo wemali besebenzisa izixhobo ezifana: inkqubo isaphulelo (umyinge isaphulelo of interest), koovimba kwiingxowa-mali kumaziko yekhredithi, imisebenzi rhwebo, imigangatho kungummiselo amaziko ngetyala kunye nabanye.

Imbambano imali omtsha lwenzeka ngokwesiseko mvume ukukhutshwa, enika Central Bank Board of Directors ukuya kwi-mali yasekwa nguRhulumente.