Indlu Museum, House-Museum, Museum-Estate: inkcazelo, imizekelo

Museum ngokwemiqathango yamandulo - uthi yengcwele Muzeon (Museyon), kodwa mihla le ngcamango uphelelwe ingqiqo yokuqala enjalo ebanzi. A indawo apho abantu benza kwinzululwazi, ubugcisa, uncwadi elinye umxholo yenkcubeko: amangcwaba amaxesha ezikude kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa, iisampuli apho ukwazi ukuhlola ihlabathi endalo, zonke iintlobo rarities kunye yokufuna ulwazi buthathwa umboniso kwi kwimboniselo zonke ukubenza. Museum-yokuhlala ngokuqhelekileyo elapho Collectibles ziko. Baya ukulondoloza izinto zobuqu, iimpahla zendlu, ifenitshala, yaye umoya womntu omkhulu ozinikezele kule ndawo lwe memory. Phantse kuyo yonke kwisixeko esikhulu akukho namnye onjalo myuziyam-yokuhlala.

capital

Onke amaziko enkcubeko kunye lemfundo engundoqo zijolise abantu abaninzi banezakhono ngengqondo eqaqambileyo kunye ikamva eliqaqambileyo. Ngoko ke, loo fom njenge museum-yokuhlala, ingakumbi zimelwe kakuhle iingqukuva ezimbini.

Apha uyakwazi ukufumana imbono malunga nobomi umntu odumileyo ukubona izinto eziyijikelezileyo, kusele umoya kwamaxesha elidluleyo, yaye umoya okanye Ndithelekelele leyo yema kufutshane yingqondi xa wayesebenza okanye kokuphumla. Oku kusebenza ngokupheleleyo kweendlela imyuziyam njengoko imyuziyam-indlu kwindlu emyuziyam, Museum-Estate.

Pushkin, Zoshchenko kunye nezinye

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kaninzi isicwangciso Museum-yokuhlala ayikho ngokwenene, zonke ukusungulwa indlela ixesha, ngokulandelelana, ngokusekelwe zonke iintlobo zamaxwebhu. Ekubeni esekwe Pushkin Iflede eniyisebenzisa Museum kwi Moika, nangona kukho nezinto ezininzi izinto imbongi ngokwakhe. Noko ke, yena wayehlala endlini ixesha elifutshane kangangexesha elide, ngoku phantse akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela umhombiso zokuhlala bakhe. Ke endlwini enye kwezinye amaxesha ayehlala Volkonskaia neTshawekazi laseYork yaye Duke Biron.

Nodla imyuziyam encinci. Apartments e St. Petersburg, elingcwele, ubomi baze basebenze Mihaila Zoschenko, zaye alichatshazelwa ixesha - apho zigcinwa zonke izinto nomphakathi kwanasemva lokwenene ngokupheleleyo, kuba nguye ngokupheleleyo kakhulu izinto ezenzeka umbhali kunye nosapho lwakhe kancinane ngaphantsi kwekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo. Kwakhona e St. Petersburg, ungenza joyina inkcubeko yabucala ebanzi: liye walondoloza ikhaya kuphela ababhali: Blok, Nabokov, Gumilyov, Nekrasov, Brodsky kunye nabanye, kodwa Chaliapin, Rimsky-Korsakov, Pavlov, abadlali Samoilov kwaye abantu abaninzi obalaseleyo ezahlukeneyo hlobo lo msebenzi. Kwikomkhulu emantla, unako ukufumana naluphi na uhlobo ezifana imyuziyam-indlu kwindlu emyuziyam, Museum-Estate. E St. Petersburg, kuphela yokugqibela angaphezu kwamashumi amane, nabo bonke bephela umdla. Esi sixeko uthanda zakudala.

eMoscow

E Moscow, kuphela kwigumbi sisikhumbuzo elindele iindwendwe, malunga mane, abantu abaninzi kangaka enkulu abahlala ikomkhulu lethu. Apha kwakhona, kukho zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kweemyuziyam enikelwe abantu eziphembelele imbali zombini Umzi lizwe kodwa ehlabathini jikelele. Sile izinto kakhulu njengoko umoya amaxesha azalisa apho ezi okanye ezinye izinto ezinkulu.

Hi xikombiso, le myuziyam-indlu kwi Arbat Kunikezelwa M. Yu. Lermontovu. Tverskaya ungakwazi ukutyelela imyuziyam-workshop enkumbulo nomkroli enkulu S. T. Kononkova. In F. M. Dostoevskogo kwisitrato igama layo esesibhakabhakeni kakhulu usindiswe museum-yokuhlala, indlu-museum obubalaseleyo umbhali A. N. Ostrovskogo ukho Ordynka.

Kumbindi eMoscow

Uyakwazi ukuhamba Khamovniki, kwisitrato Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Kukho omhle Museum-kwilifa zombhali. Kodwa igama Alekseya Nikolaevicha Tolstogo street Spiridonovka, kodwa indlu zombhali ugcinwe kakuhle kwaye imema bonke abantu abanomdla. Abazula embindini abantu eyinkunzi phantse yonke indlu ongafunda: Iapatmenti Museum, House-Museum, kwiMyuziyam-Estate. Noko ke, uninzi lwezi ezinika umdla kunye namadlelo.

On veki, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha ixesha elininzi iindwendwe imyuziyam-sokuhlala eMoscow. Abanye Unga ukusela ikofu, umzekelo, kwi Bolshaya Sadovaya, M. Bulgakov. Amaxesha amaninzi Indlu Museum, House-Museum, Museum-Estate - amagama singamiswa endaweni phantse yonke - zisetyenziswa njengeendawo. iimvumi egumbini Zobungangamela ezifana privechayut Memorial Museum M. N. Ermolovoy kwi Abakwenzayo Boulevard.

Korolev, Stanislavsky, Herzen kunye namanye amadoda amakhulu

Museum-sokuhlala eMoscow baninzi kakhulu ukuxelela onke, nangona ungonqweneleka kakhulu. Kufuphi ekungeneni esemazantsi VDNKh - elihle indlu-museum apho kanye umoya eligcwele yonke, leyo Academician S. P. Korolov usinike uluntu. Nasezintliziyweni yesixeko, likhaya kwi Leontief Lane K. S. Stanislavskogo, apho iikonsathi kunye nokwenziwa eluntwini - meko.

Xa izindlu A. I. Gertsena kufuphi abatyeleli Smolenskaya Square ayikwazi athi, "Yintoni?", Kodwa inene ndithi kuni, "Ngubani na ukuba ityala?", Ekubeni igama lombhali ye imisebenzi ongafiyo ephefumlayo zonke izifundo. Indlu Museum, amagama nayiphi lophawu, usoloko esikhokela umtyeleli nje kuphela ulwazi olutsha, kodwa ukubhaqwa iindawo ezikhuselweyo ezithile komphefumlo.

Kwi Novinsky Boulevard, ungatyelela isakhiwo apho wayehlala F. I. Shalyapin, ngomhla ummandla I. V. Kurchatova - wasinda ngomhla kwikhaya yangoku yamachiza obalaseleyo nzulu atom P. L. Kapitsy. M. V. Keldysh kunye V. N. Vinogradov, kakhulu abaninzi kwabo bantu ngaye njalo ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, ezi izikhumbuzo ezi lilambatha ngonaphakade. Ngenxa yokuba amaziko yasungulwa njenge Quarter Museum, indlu-museum, Museum-Estate, abamagama kuthetha ukuba abantu abanomdla abalinganiswa, ukuza apho kumalungu alo.

Granges

kummandla eMoscow eMoscow odumileyo ngenxa yokuba akukho ngxaki of a ezimnandi kunye luncedo le veki, ngaphandle kokuba ingxaki oyikhethileyo. Ukuba umphefumlo ufuna kuphela umdak zokwakha kunye nomoya creative, kodwa esondele ngemvelo, kusoloko kukho ithuba lokuba ukutyelela lwembali-kwilifa, apho kukho abantu abaninzi.

Yintoni imyuziyam-ilifa? Ngokutsho V. I. Dalya, Manor (ngenye USADA) - indlu Manor emaphandleni, kunye igadi, igadi yemifuno kwakunye bonke icocekile kwaye icocekile. A myuziyam busenza ukuba ukuba abanini owayesakuba welifa leetalente ezininzi kunye ikamva obungaqhelekanga.

Dubrovitzy

On top of yenduli kwi Dubrovitsy - ibandla yobuciko ukuba izakhiwo Russian uncharacteristic ngokupheleleyo. Le yinto kwicandelo "kufuneka watch". Apha ekuqaleni ubuncinane efotweni. Temple of Virgin oyiNgcwele ngokumangalisayo ezintle. Akulolize, Prince Golitsyn wathuma ukwakhiwa kwayo, hayi Polish kuphela, iinkosi Swedish, isiJamani kunye Dutch, kodwa ibalulekileyo Domenico Trezzini (nomsebenzi wakhe wangaphambili - uPetros noPawulos Cathedral eSt Petersburg). Ngamanye amaxesha, ilifa ephethwe yi Potemkin.

Manor Palace wacinga ekuqaleni, kakhulu, kwaye nkqu ukwakhiwa isimbo ezimbejembeje, kodwa kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, yaphinda yakhiwa kwi-classical: ezinemigangatho emithathu-, kunye namathambeka, Iiveranda kunye balcony. Okulandelayo - izakhiwo ezingaphandle ezine abakhonzi kunye nababingeleli. Interior umhombiso ekhaya iluhlaza, kwiHolo ingakumbi imbali. Kwakukho iindwendwe rhoqo kunye nabathunywa amazwe, kwaye nkqu i Romanovs. amava imvakalelo ndwendwe umdla kakhulu xa ukucinga ukuba lo inyoba enye, parquet yagqabhuka iinkosana Russian kanye. Apha, into eninzi bhanya, ezifana "Monte Cristo."

Serednikovo

Le ndlu Manor wadalwa ngexesha kuFeliks, sinokuthi, ngelo lizayo iphakade segolide zokwakha Russian endlwini yenkosi yakhe. Stolypin owned kukho, yaye njengoko ngumakhulu wam M. Yu. Lermontova waba kule ntsapho, udumo estate enxulumene igama wembongi, kodwa apha, umzekelo, yonke esakhula neni wachitha wenguquko abadumileyo P. A. Stolypin. Kamva, apha wachitha abantu abadumileyo ixesha elininzi ezifana Rachmaninov kunye Chaliapin.

Indlela yokuyilwa kulula kakhulu yaye, ngaphakathi zembali yothando ezisagcinwe House Front. Le paki elungileyo kakhulu ngenxa yomhlaba, kuba zange ibhrashi ngesandla sakhe ubungangamsha kweentlobo ufuna ngokwenene ukuba olu art. Kukho kinogorod kunye imihombiso England trohvekovoy eyadlulayo. Apho ukudubula film "uMkhonzi", "Admiral", "Lermontov", "Swisiwana Nastia" kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Arkhangelsk

Le ndlu Manor wayesaziwa izihlandlo Ivana Groznogo, kodwa lomculo kunye izakhiwo, kwaye park ngoku zimelwe kwi indlela wezinto kweyeshumi elinesibhozo. Sasihlala e iNgelosi iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu edlulileyo Yusupov, Odoevskogo Golitsyn.

Manor ifuze akanaso chateaux okanye Roman Villas French: ingca, namathambeka, avenue ohlayo ngezininzi imifanekiso. Izinyuko balustrades, izidanga, ezantsi emlanjeni, ipaka elihle olunzulu kunye larches emikhulu - kukho indawo chu kwaye ukhululeke emva kokuba umsebenzi Muscovite nzima. Le paki ithathwa ezona eRashiya. Apha, ekubeni i-Prince UNikolai Yusupov yi imyuziyam, apho imizobo abangaphezu kwamakhulu amane kuphela umzobo Western - ingqokelela elikhulu kunene.

Kuskovo

Muscovites bakholelwa Museum-kwilifa Kuskovo park ezifana Sokolniki, apho unokuba kumnandi kwaye ukhululeke kunye nenkcubeko ngexesha elifanayo ujonge endlwini Manor ezintle elunxwemeni. Noko ke, le mbono engalunganga. Forest Park Kuskovo - ngokwayo, a Manor Kuskovo - yinto imyuziyam, apho Wamkhwelisa inqwelo, eze kuhlola eli bhotwe, izindlu Italian kunye Dutch kunye nomqolomba - oko kukuthi, eksponaty.Takzhe zayo zokusebenza kwi myuziyam ilifa iseramikhi intabalala izinto ezimangalisayo, akhiwe kule zokugcina - American kunye ilitye elikhulu.