Indlela ukutyala jongilanga kweli lizwe?

Uninzi isityalo wentando iigadi basekhaya nemiyezo - zikajongilanga, ehambisana ngokupheleleyo kwegama layo nokukopisha imini eqaqambileyo, ukuhombisa iibhedi zethu yaye ukupha imbewu - imveliso, ukuba ubushushu umphefumlo nawuphi na umntu Russian. Le ilungu lentsapho kanti elithi, eziyinzalelwane ingqalelo North America, ngokumangalisayo ungena kubume Manor Russian. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini kule yezityalo - oli (ukutya), kunye nezityalo zokuhomba. Indlela ukuba ndityale oojongilanga, apho ubuqili agronomic kwaye yintoni umahluko phakathi ngokulinywa kokutya kunye zokuhomba iintlobo, kuxoxwa ngazo inqaku langoku.

Iimpawu kunye nokusebenzisa nenkcubeko

Oojongilanga oilseed okhule eRashiya njengento isikali lezoshishino nemveliso yeoli, kwakunye emiyezweni, izindlu lizwe, ukusukela injongo kuphela ukuqokelela iimbewu; kodwa site uhombiso yayisel eziqaqambileyo kuyatshisa. iintlobo zikajongilanga zokuhombisa, wakhulela kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo umdla ngeentyatyambo ezilula, semi-kabini kunye kabini imibala ezahlukeneyo kunye neefom Akumangalisi ezinamagqabi, ezahlukeneyo ubude compactness. Ngenxa neyantlukwano iintlobo, ukuba zisetyenziswa ngempumelelo abathungi egadini langaphakathi. Kodwa njengoko inqaku unikezelwa umbuzo ukuba ndityale njani zikajongilanga, nto leyo ethetha oli, ngoko siya sithethe ngokungqalileyo ngayo.

Unzima kwiimeko ukukhula kajongilanga emelana neembalela yenza ukubuyela kuneqabaka isipringi -5 ° C. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuvelisa isityalo ukunika ingqalelo ngenxa kwisityalo.

Indlela ukulima oojongilanga kweli lizwe: khetha site

UJongilanga - ukukhanya-efuna inkcubeko, efuna Ukuhlanganisa ubuninzi inxalenye ngasinye kwisityalo. Ukungabikho ukukhanya bungozi kuphuhliso yayo, iimpawu zokuhombisa kunye nemveliso, ngoko awunaku kwazi ukunqanda ukuqina lihlala, kodwa indawo yokuba ukuba bakhethe kakuhle ovuthayo. Ngenxa jongilanga - izityalo ubushushu-bothando kunye nemvakalelo entle nangona phantsi ingqatsini yelanga, isahlulo kufanelekile ibekwe phantsi yesikhanyiso ezibengezelayo imini yonke. Watyala izityalo semi-umthunzi ndingabi nawo ixesha zivuthwe. Phambi ukutyala oojongilanga kweli lizwe, kungakuhle ukuba ukhuseleko kucalu kwii ngokusebenzisa imimoya.

ISunflower ukhetho malunga umhlaba apho uya kukhula. Imihlaba yinzuzo kuye umhlaba cala abamnyama novunduvundu otyebileyo. Ukuba isityalo esomeleleyo, utsalela phantsi emhlabeni zesixa izondlo, uninzi lwazo zifuna inkcubeko ngaphambi kweentyatyambo. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba isityalo kajongilanga kufuneka umgquba ngocoselelo ilizwe.

Akukho mfuneko ukutyala nenkcubeko kwezo ndawo apho legumes kunye Solanaceae ngaphambili ikhule. Ezi uhlobo emihle ingqolowa kunye neenkozwana. Ukongeza, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba ngokutyala oojongilanga kumaxesha eliqela kumqolo kwisiza mnye ayinqweneleki, kungcono ukuthatha ikhefu iminyaka emi-3, ekubeni isityalo ngenkuthalo kuphungula ukutyeba bomhlaba. Ngeli ixesha lokuphumla kunye nomhlaba ukuba balahle kwamagciwane eziyingozi ukuba jongilanga.

ukulungiselela umhlaba

Zokuqala ekwindla ukwanda isichumiso isivuno izityalo kunye nomgangatho iimbewu. Ukumba ngelo xesha ukwenza wamatye phosphorus-potassium isichumiso, ngoko umgquba kwi emthonjeni site ecwangcisiweyo akayi ukuba. Ukumba up umhlaba entwasahlobo, kufanele kube kuhle ukuba uthambe uze ususe zonke ukhula namaqhekeza kweengcambu. Indlela ukulima oojongilanga? Eyona ndlela ilula kakhulu lula - ukutyala ngqo iimbewu kwindawo esisigxina, ngokudlulisela ixesha isithombo lophuhliso yenkcubeko.

Ukulungiswa imbewu yokutyala

ISunflower imbewu oyile - nokwanda yezityalo yonyaka, ngokuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo kunye nommandla efunekayo kweentsuku ezingama-70 ukuya 150. Indlela ukutyala oojongilanga imbewu?

Imbewu phambi kokutyala kunye ezihlalayo elahliweyo. kufuneka uzifake kwisikhongozeli amanzi iyure enye ukuchonga imbewu ezilawulayo. imbewu owomileyo balala emqokozweni ziyabuya kwamanzi, ubulungeleyo lokutyala utshona ukuya ezantsi. Phambi kokuba imbewu kajongilanga izityalo kufuneka uhleli kumalungiselelo abo ekhethekileyo, uluhlu apho likhulu namhlanje, okanye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ezifama. Umzekelo, zisasazwa indlela ngasekhohlo in ikonofile iimela, ekwakusetyenzwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 100 grams ikonofile, yayikukutyunyuzwa blender, ugalelwe isixa esincinci kakhulu eluswini itswele kunye neelitha ezimbini amanzi abilayo obuphalazelwe. Emva afune iintsuku umxube iye yahluzwa kwaye hlala kuyo imbewu iiyure 10-12. impatho enjalo zembewu, ngaphandle ngenjongo ngqo, ivumba elithile manzi beempuku nezinambuzane, ngokufuthi bengafumani imbewu emhlabeni.

imithetho ukutyala

Imbewu kufuneka ityaliwe eshushu, yothani ukuba 8-12 ° C umhlaba. Kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo imihla yahlukile, ngoko phambi kokuba utyale sikajongilanga egadini, musa ukuba uzulazule imigaqo kunye amaqondo obushushu bomhlaba lowo. Xa kufuneka afudunyezwe you up umhlaba uhlwayela imbewu ibe emngxunyeni uzilungiselele 2-3 imbewu, awangcwabela phezu cm 8.

Kubalulekile ukugcina amathuba phakathi kwezityalo. Baxhomekeke iintlobo zikajongilanga. Izityalo ezinkulu kufuneka ezahlulwe sisithuba kumgama 0.7-0.9 m, eliphakathi -. 0.4-0.5 m umgama ngokugqibeleleyo phakathi oojongilanga iqinisekisa nokwanda achenes amakhulu imbewu ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Enye iinkcukacha nokulima agrotechnical zezityalo ezikwimiyezo. Ngaphambi kokuba utyale sikajongilanga egadini, khumbula ukuba indawo it closer kwe-1.5 m ukuya emityinweni igadi yemifuno, akukho mfuneko. inkcubeko olomeleleyo kutsalela ile emhlabeni, kufutshane kangaka kuya kwenza bamcudisela kuphuhliso nemifuno.

Iimpawu yokuzala Cultural

Ngenxa jongilanga - isityalo ngonyaka, yaye indlela yokuzala wayo - imbewu kuphela. Kukho ezinye ubuqili ukuba zimelwe kukuzaliseka ukwandisa isityalo:

• Culture njengoko cross-ezimvumvuzelwa, imbewu kufuneka kuthathwe le ezahlukeneyo yaye uyitshintshe minyaka;

• uvuvuzelo kunye nezinye iintlobo igcwele ekunciphiseni isivuno kunye nomgangatho, kwakunye ukuyilwa inani elikhulu iingobozi pustosemyannyh.

Ukunyamekela jongilanga

Ukuze ufumane isivuno esihle imbewu esemgangathweni jongilanga kufuneka ngenyameko wakhangela emva. Umhlaba phantsi izityalo kufuneka buchumisa kakuhle, ukhula ndiwuthukulule rhoqo kwaye ngesisa wankcenkcesha, kwakunye nokukhusela ukugaleleka izinambuzane ezahlukahlukeneyo, ngokuba kajongilanga na izimuncumuncu owuthandayo abaninzi babo.

Zonyaka owomileyo, amanzi izityalo kufuneka yonke imihla. Kubhetele ukuba amanzi kwi iingcambu, njengoko ngokuzifefa ukungathandi ujongilanga.

Culture uthanda potassium yesichumiso. Ku waphawula ukuba lokubopha rhoqo supplements phosphorus-potassium luchaphazela umgangatho imbewu, ubukhulu kunye nemvakalo. A ngakumbi ubukho bezinto izichumisi nitrogen, phezu koko, abangaphangeliyo ukukhula kwesityalo, kakhulu kunciphisa imveliso kwaye yenza inkcubeko sesichengeni zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ivundiswe xa kuyimfuneko ngaxeshanye kokutyala okanye phambi kokuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo. lweehagu ulwelo ezifunwa kakhulu.

garter

Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwe inkcubeko yomelele, ukuba iphathe nkqu achenes inkulu. Ngoko ke, izityalo garter ayikho imfuneko. Kodwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, xa zityalwa kule ndawo, ngenxa ngumoya yimimoya enamandla, uncedo kajongilanga kuya kufuneka, ingakumbi ngexesha okuziinkozo achenes lokuvuthwa.

Izinambuzane nokulawulwa kwazo

Iinkozo iSunflower uthando ukuba anelise kuphela abantu, kodwa izinambuzane, iimpuku, iintaka. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba imbewu zezityalo ezivela oojongilanga, kuyimfuneko ukuba balunqhele izinto kwagxila odorous ezinceda dudula izinambuzane evela kulotywe. Iintaka zicholachole laqanduselwa ihlume, kwaye ngeli xesha lokuba amalungiselelo usikhusele ukuba izithole. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le iperimitha ukutyala drive e iiphegi ezincinane, eyendawo phakathi mhlophe cu, scaring iintaka. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva koko izityalo zikhula ngokomelela, yaye iintaka ziya kuphulukana umdla kude kube lixesha xa uqala ukuba zivuthwe imbewu. Kulo mzekelo, i abalimi kule khosi iingcinga ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka classical zokoyikisa ezibhabha iziqwenga umoya kwilaphu, ngefoyile, iiCD ezindala kunye nabanye.

Indlela ukutyala jongilanga nokuhombisa

Akukho mahluko kakhulu kwi ukulinywa kwezityalo zikajongilanga. zityalo zokuhombisa ikhetha libalele, wasikhusela sites umoya kunye kumhlaba nomoya mthombo.

Xa isigqibo lokulima ngendlela iintlobo zikajongilanga zokuhomba, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhetha kwibakala elifanelekileyo. Kwakhona zizalana yi imbewu. jongilanga Ornamental sanihlwayelela ekuqaleni May. Ixesha elide, okanye mandithi, nokugqama eqhubekayo ukuba sele betyale zonke iimbewu lonke ngoMeyi noJuni. Zabo nzulu 2-3 cm, lo gama ehlonipha lokuphumla lokuhlala ukususela 0.3 ukuya 0.6 m kuxhomekeka eyahlukahlukeneyo.

Ngaphambi kokuba utyale zikajongilanga, ikhaya walungisa iinkuni ukumnika ash (30 grams / 0.5 iilitha) yafakwa kulo ukuba imbewu imini. iintlobo jongilanga angehli ezityalwe ngokwahlula ethetha ngetyholo, evela ithuba lokuphumla ngempumelelo - entwasahlobo okanye ukuwa.

Eli nqaku unika impendulo yombuzo njani ukulima kakuhle oojongilanga, uchaza imigaqo osisiseko ukuba le nkcubeko umdla.