Computer, Zokuhlela
Indlela ukufaka kwikhonkco e HTML? Ukuyila usebenzisa amakhonkco aphezulu kulo i HTML
IProtokhol umbhalo equlathe namakhonkco kwamanye isicatshulwa. Imizekelo amanqaku umbhali kwiinkcazelo ezintsonkothileyo okanye footnotes inguqulelo kwi emazantsi amaphepha encwadi, ukuba kufumaniseke Okubhaliweyo ulwimi lwasemzini. sites Internet i obunobunzima iProtokhol siphinda- kwiphepha elinye ukuya kwelinye ngaphakathi iphepha ngokwayo, kodwa phakathi izibonelelo-spiral single bha. Loo isakhiwo kuyasebenza, usindisa ixesha elininzi, ivumela umtyeleli ukufumana ngokukhawuleza ulwazi oyifunayo, kwaye hayi ukuba ulahlekile inani elikhulu kohlelo.
Faka ikhonkco eliphezulu
E HTML ukufaka ufako lomgca amakhonkco aphezulu usebenzisa yokuchaza (tag) , eyafakwa endaweni eyiyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iba phakathi itekisi kwikhonkco lulodwa a kwesakhiwo setekisi. Kodwa ke amakhonkco ke yemizobo ngaphezulu (ii icon, amaqhosha, imifanekiso); kubo uya kuxoxwe ngakumbi. indawo yazo kwiphepha le web ayiphelelanga itekisi, kodwa kuxhomekeke kwisiza nomenzi isigqibo kuyilo.
sakho Ekhaya Google
Lo ngumzekelo indlela yokufakela ikhonkco HTML-uxwebhu ukuba oluqhutywa yi tag. abatyeleli Site uya kubona umbhalo esikrwelwe umgca into eyahlukileyo umbala wokubhaliweyo ezingqonge (umbala HTML-amakhonkco abe nantoni), "kwiphepha lasekhaya Google", ngokunqakraza kwi koko, uya ukuya kwiphepha lasekhaya, "Google" ienjini yokukhangela. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isicatshulwa ngokokugqama kufuneka siqulathe ulwazi malunga yenguqu akayi kwenziwa apho. Lo mgaqo kufuneka ilandelwe lungafundwa umthetho kunye!
isakhiwo tag ... sakho
Ungase uphawule ukuba ithegi - kabini: efunekayo lokuvala tag sakho.
href - tag lesiphumo ikhankanya le ndawo kuyiwa a link.
https://google.com/ - ixabiso lesiphumo, Somrhaqa i URL-idilesi resource apho ukuba benze utshintsho. Kuyinto kuchaphulo olu phindwe kabini okanye elinye. Kuxhomekeke isakhiwo tag oluzalela imithetho HTML.
sakho Ekhaya Google
ubume yonke i inkalo loxwebhu web.
Phantsi kwemithetho ye HTML, ezinye iziqalelo anokuqulatha ezinye izinto. Tag okufanayo. Ukuba umdwelisi nkqubo kufuneka ukubalaselisa ngqindilili igama Google, wenza oku ngokusebenzisa i tag ngokungqinelana nemigaqo jikelele ukufometha okubhaliweyo ngokulandelelana tags ekwiseli. Webmaster kufuneka akwazi ukwenza njani kwikhonkco kwi HTML impazamo-free, kungenjalo akusayi kusebenza. Amakhonkco zidilizwe slang computer kuthiwa "wabethwa".
Apha: i element
Ine ekwiseli
Ngoku ke page undwendwe ubona ngokokugqama kokubhaliweyo ngqindilili elithi "Google".
hyperlink ingundoqo
Hyperlink ezisebenzisa ingundoqo URL-adresi ze sites eziqulathe amagama domain (.ru, .com, .org, .gov ), ekuthiwa ngokugqibeleleyo, kwaye kufuneka syntax ilandelayo:
Protocol: // Igama domain / umendo wefayile
Umzekelo idilesi kwabantu Melika enjini yokukhangela: https://aol.com - elililo, kuba iqulathe igama lethambeka .com.
hyperlink Absolute zisetyenziselwa ukuba uzulazule amaphepha ezinye iisayithi okanye ukufikelela kwizibonelelo ibekwe phezu kwenye server. Inguqulelo lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa protocol Internet. Izivumelwano - oku isihloko eli nqaku, kodwa njengoko inxaxheba ekudalweni we email wesicelo, kufuneka ubuncinane ngokufutshane ngabo:
- http kunye https - kakhulu eqhelekileyo; ukuba ukuswitsha phakathi amaphepha e web kweesayithi ezahlukeneyo;
- ftp - a protocol for ukulayisha iifayile kumncedisi okanye Ukopisho umsebenzisi ukusuka kwisiza;
- mailto - mail protocol ethumela ngqo i-imeyile evela kwisiza, ngaphandle kokuya kwi dilesi ye-imeyili eyeyakho.
Kukho iingxelo ezimbalwa injongo ekhethekileyo (Gopher, Telnet), kakhulu inqabile, ukusetyenziswa apho kufuna ulwazi ezizodwa kweenkqubo okanye kwinkqubo yolawulo.
hyperlink isihlobo
Nokuphila dilesi, ukusetyenziswa ngayo ufako kwi HTML esetyenziselwa shintsha ebomini yaye akukhokeleli kude kuyo. Ukuba page inkulu kakhulu ehamba ibha yokuhambahamba emi nkqo, ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu elide, ezifana kwisichazi-magama, kulula kakhulu kwaye kufanelekile ukusebenzisa amakhonkco isihlobo ukutsiba ukuya unobumba ofunekayo.
Ukudala isichazi-intanethi, wenkqubo ekuqaleni ikhasi oonobumba, ukuba kungabi ukusetyenziswa lamakhonkco, umsebenzisi ngebaba ixesha elide kakhulu ukuguqula i ivili le mouse ukufumana kwileta "I".
Ukwenza ikhonkco isalamane usebenzisa igama lophawu ithegi:
apho ya wabiza ababekungxamele, lo gama Buyela ileta - kuyo ankile. Kuba ukubonisa echanekileyo iiankile kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise oonobumba neenombolo, ngoko musa ukubhala "Mna", nangona Kuba kube iqondakale.
Ke kaloku, ukuba inguqu ukusuka alfabhethi ekuqaleni iphepha le leta "Mna", kuyimfuneko ukwenza isikhonkwane ankile kwi HTML-uxwebhu, oqala ncwadi "I":
phambi kwe-ankile limi uphawu inombolo, ngaphandle apho inguqu kwileta akuyi kusebenza.
Relative dilesi xa ukwakha iwebsite
Lula kwaye algorithm oluqhelekilyo ngokudala indawo software:
- Yenza ifolda kwi computer yakho nendawo yayo esizeni ukuze kube lula ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza;
- ekudaleni index.html kwi kulawulo lasekhaya;
- ukudalwa yephepha lewebhu lesibini (index.html / page2);
- Yenza ifolda uze uyibeka kwi iifayile umfanekiso;
- Yenza ifolda kunye uyibeka nezinye izinto (iifayile ze umxokozelo, umzekelo);
- ukuzaliswa umxholo we sayithi;
- ngokubeka isiza kwi kukubanjwa lwefayile.
Mfuneko ukuba isetyenziselwe amakhonkco onxibelelwano phakathi iziqalelo site, kwaye ziya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukwazi ukuba ufake indlela kwikhonkco kwi HTML kwenye iphepha le sayithi efanayo. Ukuba isiza kuhlala kwi weefayili kumncedisi enye, akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo idilesi. Xa yokunikezela iifayile kwisiza ukusingatha unxulumano phakathi kwezinto ahlale, kuba ziya kube ziphathisene kwaye ziza kufakwa kuvimba weefayili efanayo.
Masithi wenkqubo udale isiza index.html lasekhaya page, nto leyo iba ikhonkco kwenye page2.html page, ihonjiswe kunye img.png umfanekiso. Emva koko ke ngumendo ozalanayo lo mfanekiso uya kukhangela ngolu hlobo:
Icebiso: ekufundeni isihloko kakhulu ukusebenzisa umhleli wokubhaliweyo elula ngenxa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuze afumane bengalwazi upelo oluchanekileyo iidilesi inguqu, kwaye sifunde ukuqonda ikhowudi yomnye umntu. Kweli nqanaba luya kuba nemiphumo emihle ngaphandle imposiso-ebhaliweyo kwikhonkco encwadini, HTML akafuni baxolele, aze anike imposiso.
Iindlela nqakraza kwikhonkco
Ngokunga gqibekanga, iphepha elitsha kuvula i browser window yangoku xa umsebenzisi ecofa phezu ngokokugqama. Kodwa wenkqubo web ongatshintsha engagqibekanga ndize ukuvula le page, umzekelo, kwi window entsha. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho lesiphumo ekujoliswe ixabiso layo ethile. Akukho kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuvakalisa itafile.
| _blank | ivula iphepha umkhangeli zincwadi omtsha we window yomkhangeli zincwadi |
| _self | ivula iphepha kwi yangoku window (setting okwendalo) |
| _parent | ivula iphepha kwisakhelo umzali |
| _top | usebenzisa izakhelo ungazikhupha bonke kwaye ivula iphepha kwi browser window yangoku |
Syntax for isicelo iimpawu ukukhomba:
Ekhaya "Google" luya kuvula i window entsha.
Qaphela: ukuba ukuvula iphepha kwi tab entsha, akukho ixabiso olu phawu, kwaye ebekwe yi umsebenzisi yezicwangciso yomkhangeli zincwadi.
Umbala amakhonkco aphezulu
Umsebenzisi Internet onamava ngokuhamba kwexesha, kufuneka uye waphawula ukuba ufako lomgca amakhonkco aphezulu yahlukile ngebala evela kwisicatshulwa ejikelezileyo, yaye oluhlaza ngokuqhelekileyo. Links apho edlula, waza wabuyela kwiphepha elidlulileyo, ezi Lilac. Usebenzisa hyperlink kwi HTML kwi imibala ezingezo-standard kancinane, kodwa yabela isiza phakathi kwabanye.
Icwangcisa umbala zamakhonkco kwi
- ikhonkco - ichaza umbala links unvisited;
- vlink - ikhankanya umbala we amakhonkco apho umsebenzisi sele kudlule;
- alink - ikhankanya umbala ri karhi xa ususa ukuya kwiphepha eyahlukileyo. Kuyinto fast, ukuze akusoloko ukubamba esi isiphumo.
Umzekelo lokumakishela:
Ukuba usebenzisa ezi mpawu kwi tag
hyperlink graphic
Inkqubela kunye nophuhliso kuyilo web ifuna ukwazi ukufaka njani kwikhonkco kwi HTML xa umfanekiso. Kucacile ukuba lo mfanekiso kufuneka ilingane okubhalwe endaweni yekhasi. Ngokomzekelo, iphepha iphambili kwezityalo ezingamayeza zinganikezelwa ngokohlobo iifoto yezityalo, nqakraza kwi apho umsebenzisi kuya iphepha elichaza iimpawu ezingamayeza kwezityalo.
Ngokubanzi indlela ukuze endaweni amaqhosha ezingashukumiyo (
Ukuze ufake graphic njengoko ufako lomgca amakhonkco aphezulu kumaphepha kwisiza isebenzisa lwesivakalisi efanayo, kodwa endaweni itekisi usebenzisa i tag umfanekiso ngokufaka imigaqo HTML:
Ngu tag ngendlela efanayo iimpawu esebenzayo ucacise okunye okubhaliweyo, ububanzi, ubude, kunye nabanye.
Calls kwi website
HTML5 standard yandile ukusebenza ukusetyenziswa kwe-Internet, kwaye ngoku ungenza iminxeba nje kuphela kwifowuni, kodwa ngqo ukusuka kwisiza. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ungasebenzisa kwakhona we email wesicelo ngendlela uxwebhu HTML, yaye syntax kulandelayo:
Kunokuba elithi "iqela" emiselweyo ongenantandabuzo qhagamshelana fown kwi ephindiwe. Unako kwakhona ifayile graphic (umsebenzisi ifoto).
Ukuba inani leminxeba xa iyonke etsalelwe kwiziko loqhagamshelwano malunga kwisayithi, kufuneka ube nje kuthethwa inombolo yefowuni rhumela, kodwa kwakhona iseti yentloko (microphone, headphones) efakwe kwi yakho VoIP-inkqubo yekhompyutha, isantya Internet kufuneka ngaphezu 0.5 MB / umzuzwana. Intlawulo ezenziwe ukuhamba kwezithuthi. Ngoko ke, ukuba Internet alipheli, iifowuni simahla.
Ethics ukudala hyperlink
Ngokubeka isiza kwi-Intanethi, kwi webmasters kufuneka sazi iindidi kukho ufako lomgca amakhonkco aphezulu e HTML, hayi kuphela ilungelo lokusebenzisa kuzo uqeqesho, kodwa kwakhona izibonelelo zilandelayo:
- Lo mbala ngokokugqama kufuneka ibe lula zibonakale, yahlukile umbhalo wayo namazwe. Umsebenzisi kufuneka azi ukuba - kwikhonkco.
- Umsebenzisi kufuneka icace apho uya kufumana ngokunqakraza kwi link. Ukuze wenze oku, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ngaphezulu isihloko lesiphumo, leyo ngamafuphi uchaza iphepha ukuguqulwa. Yobeko yesicelo lesiphumo:
- Umsebenzisi kufuneka afumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga ifayile iya downloaded xa u nqakraza kwikhonkco.
Xa ke le page elindelekileyo okanye ngokungenisa i ifayile engalunganga, umsebenzisi yi-99% ye-nangoko niphume bangaze kulo akehla aye kwixesha elizayo.
Anti-Seo ukudala amakhonkco aphezulu
Ukongeza kwicala zobugcisa umbuzo indlela yokufakela kwikhonkco e HTML, kufuneka luqaqanjisiwe umba ngakumbi yokuziphatha. Kukho websites ezininzi apho ukufikelela ivaliwe abasebenzisi kukhuseleko software (Antivirus), okanye urhulumente. Zizo ezi kwiziza ukuba sidalwe kwi oyinqambi badwelisi benkqubo web ngesandla.
Omnye oneninzi amaqhinga abaya babhenele - kukuba ukufaka i-mbala ngokokugqama "ongabonakaliyo" kwiphepha Web. Imigulukudu siyazi ukuba ukwenza njani kwikhonkco kwi HTML, kwaye sebenzisa lesiphumo underscore ukususa unxulumano ize ilabele umbala wokubhaliweyo engqongileyo ukuze kumndilili womsebenzisi we akuthethi ukumbona. Yaye ngoncedo ngezinye iiteknoloji web izixhobo (CSS, JavaScript, PHP) inokwenziwa nokuziphatha kwabo. Umzekelo, OnMouseOver JavaScript isiganeko ulwimi iyazingenela isiphumo lweziqalelo iphepha le web. Xa umsebenzisi ubamba isalathisi njengekhonkco ongabonakaliyo, ukhwela amaphepha zentengiso kwezinye iisayithi. Okanye babambekile nokuba, xa kukho ikhonkco engabonakali ifayile kwikhompyutha yakhe kwaye uqalisa ulayishwe ezantsi kwaye ifakwe software akaloncedo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, yintsholongwane batshintsha lasekhaya umkhangeli zincwadi, ukungcola disk hard kunye nezinye iinkqubo abaninzi.
Kungekudala ezinjalo iziza kweyela "uluhlu abamnyama" kweenkcukacha yintsholongwane, ukhuseleko kunye nokusingqongileyo abasebenzisi Internet ngayo. sites ezinjalo musa xesha lide, kwaye ke kufuneka ukuba batshintshe amagama abo ukuba ukuthutha ngonaphakade kwi-Internet, ukutshintsha umnikezi host. Oku ungakuvumeli ekuphakanyisweni isiza, apho usoloko ufuna umdali wayo, zange kube megaportals, ezifana, ngokomzekelo, uthungelwano lwentlalo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, le amaqhinga kubangela iimvakalelo ezingalunganga abaninzi amaxhoba ezi zenzo zabantu.
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