Imveliso betshizi ishishini. Mini-workshop: technology kunye nezixhobo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phakathi oosomashishini zelizwe lethu soyisiwe okuninzi abantu njengoko ishishini lokwenza isonka samasi. Mini-workshop lokuvelisa le mveliso ayidingi utyalo-mali amashumi ezigidi engange. Lo sisi efanayo kakhulu ekhoyo kwi ezityiwa phantse onke amakhaya, nto leyo engqina imfuno eninzi yona.

Yiloo nto ukuqala ishishini ukwenzela ukuvelisa imveliso yobisi yinto into ethembisa kakhulu kunye nenzuzo.

Ngubani na ukwenza ishishini yobisi?

Kubaluleke kakhulu buyanceda ukuvula i yabucala mini-workshop kumafama. Kulo mzekelo, imveliso itshizi nako kuthwalelwa phandle ngezinto zawo ekrwada. Oku kuya kwenza imveliso yokugqibela atshiphu, yaye ngenxa yoko sifuna.

Kodwa kuphela xa lo sisi umlimi luyafumaneka njenge ishishini? Mini-shop kungavula nayiphi ngumrhwebi. Kakade ke, uya kufuneka thethane ukuthengwa ubisi kubalimi, kodwa kulo mzekelo kuya kuba lula ukufumana ingeniso ebonakalayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo isicwangciso izenzo zabo.

Isigaba wokulungiselela

ngaba uqale apho ishishini lakho ukuze imveliso sisi? Kuqala kwinto zonke, kuya kufuneka ucinge nge qhinga ishishini. Yena akudingeki kuphela kwabasaqalayo kodwa abanamava ngoosomashishini. Isicwangciso soshishino kuya kukunceda ukuhlalutya zonke iindleko zokuqala, uhlolo oluchanekileyo kwaneliswe nemfuno kwi emarikeni, kwakunye ukucwangcisa inzuzo kunye nenzuzo amanyathelo elizayo. Ukongeza, isicwangciso pre-yenzelwe kuzakuvumela ukufumana uluhlu imveliso ekunene, ukumisela amaxabiso ayo kwaye ufumane abathengi.

market

Phambi aququzelele mini-yocweyo ekuveliseni itshizi njengeshishini, kufuneka ufune abathengi. Kuya kufuneka ukuba izicwangciso kwangaphambili umendo intengiso elizayo kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Bangafika ezahlukeneyo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuqonda kunokwenzeka ngu samasi:

- ekuthengisweni shop yakhe;
- ukuphunyezwa kwimarike yokutya kwindawo yabo;
- Izivumelwano okuqukumbela kunye izimpahla;
- nokuziswa kwemveliso ukuba abathengisi;
- sisi izinto ukuya cafes kunye zokutyela aloo mzi kunye mmandla.

Ukusuka kuluhlu, kungakuhle ukuba ukhethe ukhetho ngaphezu kwesinye. Oku kuya kunika ithuba lokuba ukuphumeza imveliso ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane inzuzo ngaphezulu ngokwaneleyo.

Ukukhetha le uluhlu

Natural cheese imelwe enkulu eziliqela ezahlukeneyo. Ahluke imbonakalo yazo, incasa kunye nezinye iimpawu. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo lobuchwepheshe woveliso, samasi ihlelwa amasi kunye rennet. Eyokuqala kuzo wenziwa rennet. Kule zamasi indlela yesibini ezenziwe ngenxa yokubola yobisi usebenzisa igwele.

Ukulungiselelwa ngalinye iintlobo ezikhoyo lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa obuphuma kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. Lo mzuzu kugqiba ukubaluleka ukhetho loshishino. Njengoko umrhwebi ekuqaleni kuya kufuneka ukuba uyithathele ingqalelo inqanaba beziqinisekiso zabo. Abo banomdla ekuvelisweni betshizi lishishini (mini-workshop), ubuchwepheshe ngenxa yayo yokuqala imveliso kukhethwa mhlawumbi alula. Le nkqubo ayifuni ixesha elide yaye enkulu ngobugcisa.

Indlela elula ukupheka sisi enxulumene kwiintlobo ezithambileyo. Kubo, kufuneka kuphela curdle ubisi uze asophise zixinaniswe kwaye kwakufuneka ukuba athengise izabelo. Inzuzo ephambili yengqolowa eliphantsi ixesha elifutshane yezandla zabo. Lo sisi ayifuni nokwanda kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngenxa iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye ngeveki. Ngokutsho iteknoloji elide ivuthwa ngenxa yezandla zabo kuya kufuneka ixesha iiveki ezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba enjalo imveliso kufuneka kuphunyezwe kwisithuba 14 seentsuku.

Ungahlela nokuveliswa sisi nzima nje ishishini. Mini-plant kuloo meko uya kuvelisa kwixesha elide, kodwa iindleko zalo iphezulu kakhulu.

ubhaliso

Ukuba ugqiba ukuba ukulungiselela ukuveliswa betshizi kwishishini, mini-workshop, nto leyo eza kuveliswa le mveliso, oko iya kuvulwa kuphela emva kokuba amaphepha efanelekileyo. Kunye nemfuneko ukufumana imvume yokuqhuba ishishini.

Yintoni uhlobo sombutho kungcono ukukhetha ukusuka ekwenzeni isonka samasi nje ishishini? Mini-workshop Kucetyiswa ukuba ukuvula inkampani enomda kubutyala. Isibakala sokuba uninzi imixokelelwane ngemiyinge emincinci kunye noovimba ezinkulu ukhetha ukusebenza kunye nemibutho esemthethweni. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuvelisa ukuxhuzulwa irhafu, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise irhafu. Ukusebenza kunye IP kungenzeka ayihambi. Ngenxa yokuba isimo yayo njengosomashishini ngamnye ngumntu wendalo.

Intlawulo kweentlawulo imbopheleleko ibhajethi

Xa ukhetha inkqubo yerhafu ekuqaleni usomashishini kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo USN. Kulo mzekelo, i elamkelekileyo iinketho yentlawulo ezimbini:
- 6% yengeniso;
- 15% yengeniso.

Inkqubo yerhafu yesibini akholiswe yeendleko eziphezulu zemveliso.

isitifiketi

Yintoni amanye amaxwebhu aya kufuna umbutho yemveliso betshizi ishishini? Mini-workshop, nto leyo uvelisa iimveliso zobisi, iyakwazi ukuvuleka ngaphandle isiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo. Nokukhutshwa kolu xwebhu lwenziwa Rostest nangokungqinelana nemigaqo yangoku zobugcisa. Esi siqinisekiso ivumela iileyibheli ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Ngaphandle lo sisi nje akafuni ukuya evenkileni ezishelifini.

Ukuze ufumane isiqinisekiso kuza kufuneka ukuba uqokelele iphakheji lwamaxwebhu. Lo msebenzi mawubandakanye:
- iziqinisekiso izinto, olunikezela ubisi, nababonelela igwele;
- uluvo ingcali ekhutshwe yi Rospotrebnadzor.

Ukubakho onke la maxwebhu kufuneka ukhathazeke phambi ekuveliseni itshizi aya kumisa njengeshishini. Mini-shop kwityala bekuya kuba ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamisa, kwaye usomashishini akayi kuba naziphi na iingxaki kunye nakubagcini yomthetho.

Ukukhethwa izakhiwo

iindleko kanye esebenzayo kwaye enomtsalane ekuveliseni itshizi nje ishishini (mini-workshop). Indlela ukuvula le nto? Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukongeza nobhaliso tyalo esihambelanayo kufuneka ukufumana gumbi. indawo yayo akufunekile ukuba zibe nkulu. Umzekelo, ukuba imini iya kwenziwa ukuya kwi 100 kilograms samasi, kwanele evenkileni 20 macala onke. metres. On indawo enjalo indawo kakhulu compact izixhobo zobugcisa eziyimfuneko.

Unxibelelwano kunye nokuphuculwa

Yintoni enye kufuneka ingqalelo kuloo ndawo apho lo sisi iya kuqalisa imveliso njenge ishishini? Mini-workshop, isicwangciso ekufuneka iqulathe iindawo eziliqela, kufuneka axhotyiswe kunye neenkonzo zobunjineli. Emva kokuba yonke imveliso yobisi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kobukho amanzi, ugutyulo, ukufudumeza kunye umoya. Izowuni ngokwahlukana ivumela gqolo ibekwe evenkileni kunye nenkqubo izixhobo ukwenza nganye Ukunyantsula inkqubo yokuvelisa itshizi kwindawo eyodwa.

Xa ukhetha igumbi irente, imali leyo uya kuba ngamawaka ne30-50. Engange nyanga nganye, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo yobukho ukukhanya bendalo. Kwakhona kumasifundisane kufuneka ifakwe kwindlela ukhuseleko emlilweni. kwaye kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuveliseni itshizi kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela igumbi, ogama iindonga magumbi. Xa kungekho kubekho nokuyifeza kuya kufuneka ukuba yokwaba imali imisebenzi yokwakha.

iinxalenye ivenkile

A thomo entrepreneur idinga ukuba ibiya imfuneko yokuthenga okhethekileyo zeteknoloji umgca baqale imveliso betshizi ishishini.

Mini-shop, izixhobo ogama kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela ukuveliswa imveliso esemgangathweni, ifakwe:

- umenzi samasi, oko kukuthi indawo apho lupholisiwe kwaye ngobushushu izinto ekrwada, bakha ihlwili;
- yangasese efunekayo ukwenza intloko samasi;
- esivuthiweyo egumbini apho kukho obekubhaliwe obushushu efunekayo nokufuma, nto leyo evumela ukuba afumane imveliso;
- isixhobo portioning apho kwenzeka ukupakisha iimveliso ulwelo ukuphakheja ngamnye.

Ngubani na ukwenza imveliso yemigca zobugcisa?

Ukukhetha izixhobo i mini-plant ekuveliseni itshizi akukho mkhulu kangaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oosomashishini ukufumana umgca efanayo aphesheya. umenzi lwasekhaya inkampani "PK Molekspert", elise Barnaul.

Noko ke, abarhwebi, lokuvula imveliso betshizi lishishini (mini-workshop), izixhobo Italian uthenga ngakumbi. Lo ngumgca imithamo ezincinane iimveliso ezinikezelwa yinkampani Sfoggia. Le nkampani yeyona idumileyo eYurophu, uyilo kunye silwenza izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngenxa kwimveliso izixa amancinane zamasi nzima namnandi. Ukongeza, inkampani Sfoggia umgca unako ukuvelisa ibhotolo kunye iyogathi, ubisi UHT njl

Yintoni uphawu ezi zityalo? Bathi ubisi kwiindawo, zipholile uze inegwele, wabagawula curd. Okulandelayo, kumacwecwe ezizodwa ukuba ubushushu yayo, imveliso ibunjiwe ubabonisa inyathelo self-inki.

I ngakumbi kule umgca abo vula ekuveliseni itshizi nje ishishini (mini-workshop)? izixhobo Italian lula kakhulu inkqubo ukulungiselela imveliso ngokuthi automating ubisi pasteurization kunye lungapholi elandelayo. Ukongeza, umgca ifakwe isixhobo yokurekhoda okhethekileyo evumela yoshicilelo data sele eyenziwa intengiselwano, leyo ibhexesha umsebenzi yomsebenzisi.

Le nkampani uvelisa iintlobo Iideri imifuziselo 120 kunye neelitha 360. Xa olu zixhobo uyakwazi ukusebenza embaneni, igesi, amanzi ashushu, umphunga, kwakunye diesel.

mini Italian Iideri kungenzeka ukufumana i-12 kg ye imveliso ogqityiweyo 100 L yobisi lwenkomo. Kodwa ke ukuba izinto ekrwada ibhokhwe okanye igusha, zonke kg-20. Ukukhalazela ukuba ezinye yintloya sisi inokujikwa ibe itshizi, "ricotta". Ngaphezu koko kuyo ubisi lwenkomo wafumana 5 kg, ibhokhwe okanye igusha - 8 kg.

line Italian unyulwa noosomashishini kunye kwiinkcukacha. Umzekelo, imodeli 360 ilitha amandla ekwaziyo zokulungisa ukuya iilitha 1,400 zobisi kangangeeyure ezili-16. Le izixhobo ezithembekileyo elide kufunyaniswe kakuhle zombini eYurophu kunye nezithuba ezivulekileyo yelizwe lethu.

imiba abenele

Xa uvula i mini-plant ekuveliseni itshizi kuya kufuneka ukuba baqeshe abantu enye ukuya kwezintathu kumgca inkonzo kunye Uchwepheshe owazi zonke iinkalo zenkqubo. Kungabi okungahambi inkonzo nomphathi ophetheyo lonikezelo zempahla ekrwada kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso ugqibile. Noko ke, lo msebenzi zilawule kunye nomnini kwimveliso sisi.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukususela abasebenzi kugaywa iya kuxhomekeka kwimpumelelo yeshishini waqala. Kungenxa yoko le nto ifanelwe ndlela kakhulu.

Umgangatho eluhlaza materials

Ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwimarike kufuneka ukuvelisa imveliso ekwizinga eliphezulu. Yaye oku kuya kufuna inzaliseko kweemeko ezithile, apho inkxalabo kakhulu wathenga ubisi. okubonakalayo kufuneka kuthathwe kuphela kumafama ukuba izilwanyana zise mpilweni ukuba uluphumelele ulawulo lwezilwanyana. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibe khona, nkqu ipesenti encinane antibiotics. Ngaphezu koko, kukho izinto ezilungileyo ekrwada untlangothi-ekhulwini level inqatha, kwaye izinga asidi wayo kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-6.8. Zonke iimfuno sobisi lukhuselekile ngcono wokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano sonikezelo.

Iindleko imveliso

Xa uvula i mini-plant ekuveliseni itshizi ofuna ukwenza ethile imali. Baya kuthetha ukuba malunga (amawaka engange ..):

- kuthengwe umgca wemveliso - 300;
- ukulungisa shop - 200;
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi - 30;
- iindleko ngezinto, kubandakanywa ubhaliso - 100.

Ngenxa yoko, i-mali ngaphambi ewonke-630 lamawaka. Thambisani.

Iindleko zenyanga yemveliso (amawaka Thambisani..):

- eziluncedo - 30;
- ntengiso - 20;
- lomvuzo lwabasebenzi (4) - 80;
- amagumbi aqeshiwe - 30;
- Ezinye iindleko - 50.

imali engenayo

Indlela iindleko-olusebenzayo imveliso betshizi lishishini (mini-workshop)? Izimvo koosomashishini bathi, kokukhutshwa kilograms likhulu mveliso yonke imihla, ngenyanga nganye, uyakwazi kuqonda ukuya ku 2200 kg zamasi nzima ethambileyo. Nge-avareji kwixabiso lokuthengisa engange-200. kg ngalinye, ngongeniselo 440 lamawaka. bagcobe.

Imali eliphuma ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela iindleko zokuvelisa kunye nokuhlawulwa kwerhafu. Le ngeniso nomhlehlo ngusomashishini iya kuba malunga ne-65 amawaka. Thambisani. Ngenxa yoko, ekuthengisweni zonke iimveliso, lokubuyisela bemveliso kunokuzuzwa zingaphelanga iinyanga ezilishumi emva kokuqalisa umsebenzi.