Imginye: ezibulalayo iminenga, okanye ingqondo?

Xa abantu, orca umnenga unalo igama emnyama namhlophe enye, kwakunye umbala ibala lakhe. Abaninzi bayibiza ngokuba esanyisayo usapho Delphinidae sentlanzi-umbulali (killer). abazingeli ulwandle Russian uyicacisile ukumkani Ocean wokuqwlasela kwakhe phezulu, njenge scythe, fin - "umbulali iminenga", nangona kwi Russian-abathetha izangqa yenzululwazi wambiza "Killer." Igama lesiLatini akunikwe Linnaeus, iyalila Orcinus orca. Ezi zilwanyana aziqondakali kakhulu, kodwa iinzululwazi abandakanyeke kuwo, bathi ukuba iminenga abakrelekrele ngendlela engaqhelekanga, izilwanyana zentlalo, kodwa tetchy yakhe. Posts njengento mu baba ngokugqithiseleyo ayibaxwanga.

Killer Iminenga zifumaneka kuzo zonke ezilwandle, ngaphandle ngenxa lwangaphakathi. Bakhetha imvula amanzi ezipholileyo. Abantu, le ngxilimbela sele lwaziwa ixesha elide. Yakhe yathetha kuqala Pliniy Starshy (AD ngenkulungwane 1): "Le yintaba enkulu yenyama, baxhotyiswa amazinyo ezimbi, isiphango ezinye iminenga, ehlasela kubo, lihlaba ezifana yegusha yomkhosi." Ewe, nangona umbulali ungaphantsi ubukhulu ukuya silwanyana inkulu kule planethi - umnenga blue, yena ngenkalipho uhlasela yena.

Ubukhulu obulale whale iyamangalisa ngokwenene. Iimazi ukufikelela ubude oziimitha esixhenxe ubunzima iitoni ezine, kunye namadoda yaye neemitha ngaphezu kwe-10 kunye tonnes-8. Ubukhulu wayengaphakamanga amanenekazi Awaphazamisani nabo iinqwelo: xa imihlambi killer ngukumkani matriarchy engqongqo. Loo nto inika umdla into eyindoda kunye nobudala zange ashiye oomama babo, ngelixa intombi kokufikelela ukwaluphala, maxa wambi ushiye clan lweenkobe lwakhe kunye namanye amalungu ukuqala ipakethe entsha. Family nohola abadala "matriarhinya", engqongwe ngabantwana, abazukulwana, abatshana nabazala. okulindeleke besilisa - engama-50, yaye iimazi baphila ixesha elide kakhulu --avareji engama-75.

Killer whale ine sezantsi kakhulu izinga sokuzalwa. Iimazi ukuya kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu abe nomdla kangako wesini esahlukileyo, yaye kwiminyaka 40-50 abanayo le nzala ilahlekile. iminyaka 10-15, apho ihlala ixesha esebenzayo nezenzala, imazi uvelisa ayikho elikhulu kakhulu imali kityat kuba lokukhulelwa ihlala iinyanga ezili-16. Kancinane ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha onke amathole abasweleka phambi kokuba bafike kwiminyaka. Imihlambi zisoloko seluxolweni. Ungaze wabonwa wayemlwela ngumntu obhinqileyo okanye oyindoda, abantu abasempilweni inkxaso abagulayo kunye nabantu abadala. Nokuba apho izikolo ezahlukeneyo ze kukhokelela ukungqubana lexhoba okanye ummandla. Kumntla we-Pacific Ocean ziyakuphunyezwa abamnyama ngokupheleleyo (melanistic) namhlophe (albino) abantu aba umhlambi abumbe 'izimvu abamnyama ".

Orca uvela amazinyo-40 ukuya ku-48 ubude ukuya kwi-12 cm. Hunt ezibulalayo iminenga, ubonisa ubuhlakani enkulu kunye namandla okucinga ngobuchule. iphekhi nga aqondwe kumqolo, umhlathi, yiya nelisemihlubulweni. Ukusebenzisa wolangazelelo herring qela, dolphins ezidla evela kumacala ahlukeneyo uyitywine isitya iintlanzi, uze uqale hammering emsileni sayo, intlanzi emangalisayo. Xa ixhoba pops up, umthendeleko iqala. Orcas unako 'ukuphuma "kumhlaba, ukutyibilika ngesisu sakhe elunxwemeni okanye umkhenkce ukunqakula amatywina namatywina holidaymakers. Ukuba yiminenga ungabona ukuba kwi yomkhenkce encinane okanye pinnipeds kukhona penguins, ukuba nje "shake", embetha intloko yakhe ice floe. Yonke intsapho enkulu ukhetho lwabo kule ekutyeni: ezinye ukuzingelwa ifu herring, kunye nabanye - for pinnipeds.

Per umntu ukuhlaselwa umbulali whale abafane kwaye kuphela self-yokuzikhusela. Xa okugcinwa, baye bazibiza ngokuba izilwanyana ngokulula ziyadanjiswa kunye nobuchule zobugcisa. Ke kaloku, kule akwariyam yehlabathi iqulathe iintlobo ezimalunga nama-60. Ekuthinjweni, kumazibulo shorthead ngo-1985 (Florida). Ukususela ngo-1946, kwaqalisa ukukhusela umnenga umbulali, kodwa amanye amazwe, afana neJapan, ukuqhubeka kuzingela umnenga obulalayo.