Iirekhodi World in yokuqubha. Iindidi eziphambili kunye nezimbo yokudada

Phantse kuzo zonke kwezemidlalo, kuquka ngomkhombe, iirekhodi wonke baqala. ixesha ngasinye, ukuphucula iziphumo oludlulileyo kusiba nzima ngakumbi, kodwa sekunjalo efakwe ezahlukeneyo zokhuphiswano. Irekhodi lomhlaba kwindawo yokuqubha - awona manqaku aphezulu, eyayinesihloko mbaleki kwi okhuphiswano lwaseburhulumenteni iimeko repeatable echazwe imithetho.

imithetho emiselweyo

Zonke rekhodi ozinzisiweyo ngenxa FINA - i Swimming Federation International. Unako ukufaka phezu okanye "amanzi elifutshane" "elide" kumadama okuqubha. Imigaqo ratifying ingxelo emiselwe SW12. Iingongoma eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:

1. Ekwenzeni khuphiswano kusetyenziswa ixesha elektroniki.
2. ubude echibini kufuneka abubungqina athobele nemigangatho emiselwe.
3. I bezandla kufuneka banxibe timphahla lokudada ukuba nayo efikelela kumazinga akumgangatho FINA.
4. Emva kokugqitywa khuphiswano womdlali kufuneka ayigqithisele uvavanyo iziyobisi.

Ezi kunye nezinye izinto kuthathelwa ingqalelo yobhaliso irekhodi ehlabathini.

iirekhodi World in yokuqubha

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, neendadi ukuphucula iziphumo zazo ukoyisa umgama. Qaphela ukuba khuphiswano ebanjwe nezitya ende 25 no-50 eemitha. Abaninzi ukhuphiswano ezaziwayo-kakuhle neendadi ukwenza uqeqesho na yokudada 50m ubude. ubude enjalo ikuvumela ukuba ndikuhlangule iziphumo kakuhle, njengoko kwi kumgama elifanayo ukuchitha ixesha ngaphantsi mdibi.

Ingongoma ebalulekileyo kuthiwa into yokuba kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo iirekhodi ihlabathi ukubhukuda zithe zafakelwa phantse zonke ukhuphiswano ngenxa iisuti eliphezulu-zobugcisa. nto baba uphuhliso eqolo kwinkalo yokuvelisa. Kaloku amaqhezu ezimbalwa a yesibini abahlule okhuphisana enye evela irekhodi okanye aphumelele olu khuphiswano. Ukuze ukuvala amathuba azinampembelelo result kwezixhobo umgangatho like ovaroli wavalwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Emva iirekhodi zazo ukurhoxiswa waqalisa ukuba kakhulu ngaphantsi rhoqo. Ingxelo oludala of phantse iminyaka eli-12. Yaye yasekwa ngo-2001 phezu mfutshane freestyle amanzi mitha 1500. On amanzi elide, Isimanga ngokwaneleyo, ingxelo ubhalisiwe ngokutsha-izihlandlo eziliqela.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inani elandayo iirekhodi zehlabathi emanzini elide phakathi kwabantu ukuzicwangcisa zivela eUnited States. Lidla eninzi ngamayelenqe kwajikelele enye iimbaleki abadumileyo ixesha lethu uMichael Phelps. Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe, wakwazi ukuba zimisele iirekhodi ngaphezulu kwe 39 nasemanzini elide, 2 ukuya ukurekhoda mfutshane. Kuba lo nguye wanikwa igama elithi "The Flying Fish".

irekhodi swimming kwi leemitha 100

Yintoni irekhodi lomhlaba kwi swimming kwi leemitha 100 ngubani uyayifaka? Enye idumileyo ke neendadi Maykl Felps, owamela US kukhuphiswano lokudada. Ukuze lihlawulwe ezininzi iirekhodi, uninzi lwazo na enxulumene ibhabhathane kunye ezintsonkothileyo. Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe, Phelps wakwazi ukuba ndimaphule irekhodi ehlabathini izihlandlo 39. Eyona yodumo inani kwi-100 eemitha baqubha ibhabhathane kukhuphiswano eRoma ngowe-2009. Ke phakathi Phelps kunye Cavic waqalisa umlo wokwenene, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni nokusekwa eziliqela iirekhodi zehlabathi. Owayo waba ikwimo entle kwaye Meyiwa umise irekhodi entsha, kunye wokugqibela wayefuna ukuba bamxhase ngenxa entsha. Noko ke, ummeli US kwi wokugcina wabonisa isantya nje ibingummangaliso ezakhokelela uloyiso yakhe sentlalo ingxelo ekhoyo 49,82 kwi kangange- 100 leemitha.

freestyle

Ukuqubha ebesoloko kwatsala ingqwalaselo kakuhle ngenxa yenani elikhulu imigama, kwakunye ngenxa ngesantya esiphezulu, owawufikelela abadlali. Ngo-2009, kwaye kwafunyaniswa nangoko 5 iingxelo ezikhoyo freestyle. bezandla Brazilian Cesar cielo zimisele iirekhodi kwi-50 (20.91) no-100 mitha (46.91). Qaphela ukuba lagqithisa umphumo yangaphambili kumgama oziimitha 50 imizuzwana 00,03 kuphela - 20,91 irekhodi esebenzayo. Xa lobuntshatsheli waseFransi, Frederiku Buske (ezamahala uhlobo lokuqubha kumgama oziimitha ezingama-50), wabonisa iziphumo lemizuzwana 20,94.

Records nazo owamiselwa nguPawulos Biedermann kwi-200 (1.42,00) kunye iimitha ezingama-400 (3.40,07), kunye Zhang Lin kwi kumgama oziimitha 800 (7.32,12). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba 2009 bazizinhanha iirekhodi zehlabathi in yokuqubha.

Ingxelo ye zokudada kwiimitha 50

Ngubani umise irekhodi kwihlabathi xa siqubha iimitha 50? Adam Peaty - indadi oselula British lowo waba yintshatsheli yaseYurophu izihlandlo 8. Phakathi impumelelo yakhe (kwimbaleki wazalwa ngo-1994 waza wenza bt yakhe kuphela ngo-2013) iirekhodi zehlabathi kwi-50 (26.42) kunye 100 (57.13). Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba iirekhodi yangaphambili lo bezandla. Ngowe-2016 yena kwakhona wabonisa nokongama kwakhe. Emva koko waziqhekeza irekhodi yangaphambili kwi leemitha 100, abaphulaphuli awasabela nogonyamelo isiphumo, kodwa linguPete akazange nangoko ukuqonda isizathu sokuba yokusabela enjalo kokoyisa kwakhe.

elizayo Le bezandla wayelele eninzi ithemba, kuba, ngokoluvo yoluntu ezemidlalo, akakafiki ifomu wakhe wenyama. Ubungqina oku komsebenzi eRio ngo-2016, nto leyo ebangele ukufumana kuye igolide kunye irekhodi elitsha ihlabathi.

ukudada irekhodi leemitha 1,500

Yintoni na irekhodi lehlabathi kuqubha kwezi mitha 1500? umgama kakhulu, ngaphezu kweemitha 1000, iimbaleki boyisa kuphela freestyle. Ngo-2012, ingxelo olwalubekwe kumgama oziimitha 1500 izaneka Chinese Sun Yang - ingxelo yangoku ka 14.31,02. Ingongoma ebalulekileyo kubizwa ukuba best japan odlulileyo kwakhona banawo kuye. I entsha best japan oludlulileyo imizuzwana engaphezu kwama-3.

Kwamarekhodi bequbha le gaqa

Lifikile ixesha lokuba uthethe ngento irekhodi lomhlaba bequbha le gaqa. Usoloko esibonisa eninzi ingqalelo, kuba sohlala kweli uqeqesho imigama ngokwaneleyo, ezinye iziphumo lusekiwe engcono. Ingongoma ebalulekileyo kuthiwa into yokuba inkoliso iingxelo ezikhoyo kule isimbo yasekwa ngo-2009 (umzekelo: 20.48 ukuya kuma-50 m). Kuphela irekhodi entsha ngo-2012 (14.10,10) olwalubekwe kumgama oziimitha 1500. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje iimbaleki ziye zaphucuka iziphumo zangaphambili kuphela namaqhezu ezimbalwa owesibini - ithi ixesha lokuba iingxelo elitsha kufuneka ulinde ixesha elide.

iingxelo ezikhoyo yokuqubha

Xa sijonga le ngxelo yangoku zehlabathi kuqubha phakathi kwabantu, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba uninzi lwamalungu bangamalungu eUnited States, eBritani, Brazil, Germany kunye neTshayina. I AmaMelika Abanini amarekhodi 9 ngabalawulwa-20. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi 'umxhelo. Xa ukuqubha, kwafika amadoda evela Russia musa ukuba iirekhodi ukusebenza zehlabathi.

Njengoko ngokuba imidlalo abafazi, akukho ungcono ecacileyo. Abanini zeerekhodi ezikhoyo kwakukho abafazi eUnited States, Lithuania, Hungary, eSweden, Germany ne Australia. iziphumo zabo kufutshane kwabo ezibonakala ziintshatsheli phakathi kwabantu. Noko ke, iingxelo ezininzi zasiwa kwisithuba ukususela ngo-2009 ukuya 2016. Ngoko ke, iziganeko ezayo naye abe wothuka.

Ukhuphiswano eRio ngo-2016

Phambi kokuqalisa ukhuphiswano eRio de Janeiro waba ezininzi amanyundululu ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ulawulo kunye ezinekhono. Emva kokuqala-Olimpiki eRio ngeentsuku nje ezimbini elwandle bawaphule iirekhodi ihlabathi 6, bazisa kakhulu uchulumanco kubo bonke abalandeli mdlalo. Uninzi irekhodi owamiselwa abasetyhini, amadoda emi ngaphandle impumelelo entsha waseBritani Adam Peaty ka-100m breaststroke. Xa izimvo ziintshatsheli sabonisa ukuba Olympics - isiganeko elide-elindelwe ebomini babo, ezo ulungele yonke iminyaka 4. Kungenxa yoko le nto kuvulwa olu khuphiswano eRio wazisa iingxelo ezininzi. Sportswoman ye-Hungarian Katinka Hossa kwaqatshelwa irekhodi kuphela ihlabathi (isethi 400 eemitha 4.26,36), kodwa kwakhona igolide yokuqala Olimpiki kwiphupha lakhe. Ngaphambili, wakwazi ukuba aphumelele amaxesha yeNdebe yeHlabathi 11, kodwa yena Olimpiki akazange onke. Oku kwaphucula umphumo oludlulileyo imizuzwana engaphezu kwama-2.