Iintlobo kunye neentlobo nobunini. Umxholo kunye neempawu eziphambili

Ukungqinelana nomgaqo-siseko Russian, ilizwe lethu siyaluqonda, kwaye ikhusela ilungelo labucala, kamasipala, karhulumente kunye nezinye iintlobo impahla.

Le nkampani kubaluleke uhlobo entsokothileyo propati, apho injongo nokuphunyezwa kwe abasunguli balo emngciphekweni yayo ishishini lakhe. Njengoko umthetho, kwishishini iquka: izixhobo, uluhlu, amatyala, amalungelo kunye namabango, kwakunye nazo zonke iintlobo kwempahla. I-Russian Civil Code iquka iintlobo ezifana neentlobo ubunini, njengoko neenkampani zoqoqosho kunye imibutho, amashishini karhulumente kwakunye kamasipala kunye nomanyano.

Iindlela ubunini kunye neendlela zolawulo:

1) A ubambiswano jikelele yonganyelwe zonke iintlobo kunye neentlobo nobunini. Oku kuquka abantu benze imisebenzi yabo ngokusekelwe Iwesivumelwano kugqitywa phakathi kwabo. Uxanduva emhlophe alipheli, ukuba, enyanisweni, ithetha ukulahleka impahla yabo kwimeko ukusilela okanye ukusilela lweshishini.

2) Uthelelwano limited wahlukile kancinci ukusuka uhlobo yokuqala yolawulo, ngenxa yokuba ukongeza nxaxheba eziphambili liquka abatyali, bengathabathanga inxaxheba kwimisebenzi lweshishini. Ngokubhekiselele ubutyala, abatyali usebenzise umngcipheko wakho izilungiso kuphela imali yenkampani, kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba ke liability enye unlimited, kwakunye namalungu iintlobo yokuqala yolawulo.

3) Limited yeTyala Inkampani okanye LLC. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kulo abantu ababelana lonke ingqukuva, ngokungqinelana kunye namaxwebhu abakhoyo. Njengoko igama libonisa, ukuba sibeke nje iminikelo yabo.

4) Le iintlobo kunye neentlobo ubunini zihlelwa ngokuba nobutyala olongezelelweyo. Umnikazi ngabo, njengokuba umthetho, okanye abantu abambalwa, okanye elinye. Ikomkhulu sokuqala start-up yahlulahlulwe izabelo, ibaleke esichengeni wabaseki, kodwa ngaphandle ukuze nabo bazale liability kolwakhe.

5) inkampani joint-stock. Abanikazi olu hlobo enkampani-zabelo, okt abanini zabelo, zombini eziqhelekileyo kurekhoda. Abanini abayikholelwa Lowo enye kuphela share yenkampani. Umngcipheko lwenziwa kuphela ngaphakathi ngeendleko yahlawulwa kwinani elithile yezabelo. Kwimeko imilinganiselo ye nkampani, impahla yayo iya kwabiwa phakathi abanini size ngokwenani lezabelo ezinawo.

6) Elandelayo abo abamele iintlobo kunye neentlobo ubunini iya kuba sokubambisana imveliso. It is a umbutho ngokuzithandela abemi ngokusekelwe ubulungu babo inxaxheba kwindawo yabasebenzi yokuqala, kunye nokuqaliswa kwe iminikelo ekuqaleni imali imbewu ukuqala ngokuqinileyo. Loo umbutho yemveliso kwiimeko ezininzi inxaxheba kwimisebenzi zoshishino.

7) Kanti kuyenye - amashishini ecalanye urhulumente kunye kamasipala. Kuba, njengokuba umthetho, imibutho zorhwebo, ezo ongekho phantsi kunye ilungelo lobunini, hayi nokukhusela ipropati ukuba umnini wayo.

Ilizwe kuba zombini ngamnye kwaye lilifa zabo.

Kwilizwe lethu, kukho ezi zilandelayo iintlobo amalungelo obunini emhlabeni:

1) Ilungelo lokuba nezinto ezizezakhe ipropati yabucala nento esemthethweni.

2) Ilungelo lokuba nezinto ezizezakhe ipropati yabucala ngayo umntu ngamnye.

Ukuze oku ngendikongezile ukuba lo mzuzu ilungelo impahla kumazwe angaphandle izenzo uhlobo elizimeleyo ngokupheleleyo umthetho.