Ifowuni yefowuni kwimisebenzi yangaphandle: iipropati kunye nesicelo

Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kwendlu kuyimfuneko nje kuphela ukunika imbonakalo ekhangayo kwi-facade. Umgangatho uvumela ukuba ukwandise ixesha lokusebenza kwesakhiwo sokuqala sakhiwo sokwakha. Namhlanje, njengokugqiba kokugqibela, i-facade plaster kwimisebenzi yangaphandle isetyenziswa rhoqo . Yintoni ekhangayo le ngcaciso? Siza kuqhubeka.

Izakhiwo zokugcoba

Iplasta yangaphandle (i-facade) ineenzuzo ezininzi. Oku kuluhlula ngokukhethekileyo kwezinye iingubo ezininzi. I-facade plaster yendlu ikhangeleka kakhulu. Ukongezelela, iingubo zikhusela umhlaba ukusuka kwimiphumo eyahlukeneyo engabangela ukuba umonakalo okanye umonakalo. Phakathi kweepropati eziphambili eziphambili ezisebenzayo, kufuneka kuphawulwe:

• Ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lamanzi, loo nto ayitshintshi isakhiwo sayo. I-facade plaster kwimisebenzi yangaphandle yinqanaba lokukhusela, elikhusela impembelelo engalunganga yomswakama.
• Ukumelana nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokushisa. Ezi zilandelayo zichaphazeleka ngokukodwa kwimimandla apho kukho umlinganiselo omkhulu phakathi kwamaqondo ashushu. Umgangatho wangaphandle owenzela imisebenzi yangaphandle unyanzeliso olufunekayo kwimpembelelo embi yomswakama, ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nezinye iindidi zokugqoka kunye nomphumo wemizi.
• Amandla. Iindonga zangaphandle zesakhiwo zihlala zifumana uxinzelelo lwezandla. I-facade iplasta yomsebenzi wangaphandle inomlinganiselo okhuselekileyo wokhuseleko.
• Umphunga wamanzi ukufaneleka. Ingubo iyakwazi ukudlula i-evaporation, evumela ukuba kugcinwe i-state yokuqala yezinto zokwakha.
• Ukwandiswa kwesandi kunye nokushisa kweempawu zesakhiwo. Isambatho ngokwawo sinokukhusela ekulahlekeni kobushushu. Oku kunciphisa iindleko zokufudumeza. Ukulondolozwa okukhulu, i-facade insulation is used for plastering.
• Uhlobo oluninzi lweempawu kunye nemibala. I-facade plaster kwimisebenzi yangaphandle ivumela ukuba uqaphele izinto ezahlukeneyo. Ingubo ingaba nombala oqhotyoshelwe kwimiba ngokufaka umbala. Unokuphucula kunye neepatheni. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izalathisi zokugaya ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-stencil iyasetyenziswa. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokugaya zixelisa izinto ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, i-plaster "bark beetle" ibonakala njengomthi, ummandla wayo udliwa yizinambuzane.
• Ukulula ukubeka izinto. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-facade plasta akudingi ulwazi oluthile okanye amava amaninzi. Ukubeka izinto eziphathekayo kunokukwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo ngexesha elifutshane.

Iindleko zokuxhamla

Enye enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo yezinto eziphathekayo. Ixabiso leengubo liphantsi kakhulu kunelo nawuphi na omnye. I-facade ye-plaster, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwimizuzu engama-10 nge-4-7 m ² , kuluhlu lwe-70-90 ruble / kg. Ukuba uqesha abaphathi, iinkonzo zabo ziza kuhlawula i-ruble 250-300 / m ² .

Ukuqhafaza ngefowuni ngaphantsi komgca

Ngaphambi kokugqiba, kufuneka ukhethe izinto zokubambisa. Ukuqhekeza ngokuqhelekileyo namhlanje kukuthi iprorofoam (i-polystyrene) kunye noboya bamaminerali. Bobabini baneesibini kunye neendlumi. Iingcaphephe zincoma ukuthenga izinto ngendlela yamacwecwe. Bobabini uboya bamaminerali kunye neplastiki ye-foam banalo hlobo lokukhululwa. Ukuqhawulwa kuya kufakelwa ngqo eludongeni ngeglue kunye nezinto zokulungisa ezongezelelweyo. I-Minvata inokumelana nomlilo, ukunyuka komphunga. Kuye, iindonga "ziphefumula". Kodwa ngelo xesha, i- wool yamaminerali inomlinganiselo omkhulu. Kungcono ukhethe i-diabase okanye i-basalt slabs-layer slabs. Unomqolo ongaphandle oqinileyo. Ubuninzi beebhodi ezinjalo akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwama-140 kg / m ² . I-Polystyrene ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi, kulula ukuyifaka, inokulinganisa okuphantsi, izinga eliphezulu lokukhutshwa kwamafutha. Nangona kunjalo, ibhekisela kwizixhobo ezinokutsha, kungekhona njengento eqinile njengobuncwane, ngokuxhomekeke kumonakalo owenzayo. Ukongezelela, kuthandwa ngamagundane ahlukeneyo.

Ukhenketho iteknoloji: ukulungiselela

Ukudalwa kwesikhombiso "semanzi" senziwa ngamanyathelo athile. Okokuqala kufuneka ulungiselele umhlaba. Umsebenzi awufanele uqhutywe kwiqondo eliphezulu kakhulu okanye kwiqondo eliphantsi. Iimeko ezifanelekileyo ziqwalaselwa kwi-15-25 degrees. Ngaphandle koko, kuyimfuneko ukumisa ihlathi elijikeleze isakhiwo, siwagubungele ngefilimu engenakuphefumlelwa kwaye yenze isiphaluka se-thermal. Emva koko, lungisa isiseko. Ummandla weendonga uhlambulukile kwiindawo zokudala, i-debris, ukungcola kunye nothuli. Emva koko, isiseko sihlamba kwaye somile. Iziphulo ezahlukeneyo kunye neprotuberances, ukuphuma kwesisombululo kususwa nge-chisel, isiBulgaria okanye esinye isixhobo. Umhlaba uhlolwe ukutyunjwa kunye nokucima. Xa zifunyenwe, iziphene zifihliwe - zifakwe. Umgangatho kufuneka ube yinqanaba ngangokunokwenzeka. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukulungelelanisa okuqinileyo kunye nokulungiswa okuqinileyo kwendibano. Ngaphambi kokuqhotyosheliswa kwayo, umgangatho uphambili.

Ukufakelwa kwe-insulation

Izinto eziphathekayo zixutywe kwiprofayili yecala. Iiplati zihleliwe kwimigca engqamlekileyo. Iimpawu kufuneka zitshintshwe. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba imiqolo engumgca wesigxina esandulelayo ayihambisani namajoyina amacwecwe elandelayo. Ngexesha lokulala, kufuneka unyamekele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba impazamo ayikho ngaphezu kwe-3 mm. Ngaphandle koko, zonke izitenxo ziya kubonakala ngokucacileyo emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi. Kwiinkompi, ukuxhoma kufuneka kufakwe i-2-3 cm. Ukuqulunqwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuhlolwe yinqanaba. Kucetyiswa ukuba ungavumeli ukuguquka okunamandla.

Ukuqiniswa

Le nkqubo yinkcazo efanelweyo yomhlaba womnatha okhethekileyo, odibeneyo kumxube okhethekileyo. Ukuqiniswa kusetyenziswa kwi-primer. Umgca we-fiberglass ishicilelwe ukusuka phezulu. Ekugqibeleni, ihlanganiswe kunye nokwakhiwa okufanayo. Ubuninzi beendlela zokusombulula isisombululo i-2 mm. Ukuqiniswa kuqalisa ukusuka kumacangca esakhiwo, ukuvuleka (iwindi kunye nomnyango). Emva koko, loo nto ifakwe ngaphezu komhlaba wonke. Ukongeza, ukuqinisa ukuvuleka ngokusebenzisa iprofayili yokuqinisa. Ikhonkco yensimbi ejikelezayo. Ixhunyiwe kwiimitha ezixubile kwaye zixhomekeke kwiindawo zokuvula. Ukuqiniswa okulungileyo kuyenziwa kungekhona kwimozulu yezulu, kodwa ngokugqithisileyo, kodwa ngaphandle kwemvula.

Ukugqiba

Emva kokuba iqela lokuqinisa limile (kwaye alikho ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-72), kunokwenzeka ukuba uqale ukubeka i-facade plaster. Njengengubo yokugqiba, naluphi na umzobo wokuhlobisa onokusetyenziswa. Iyakwazi ukugqithisa okanye i-plaster ephathekayo, ngokufakelwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba isambatho kufuneka senziwe peyinti, imimiselo kufuneka ihambelane nomnye. Ngokomzekelo, i- plaster yama-acrylic ifanini efanayo ifanisiweyo. Ukugqitywa kufuneka kwenziwe kwimeko efanelekileyo. Ngokukodwa, ukubetha akukwenziwa kwilanga elikhanyayo, emvula, emoyeni oqinileyo, amaqondo aphantsi okanye aphezulu kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe isisombululo, umgangatho oqingqiweyo uhlanganiswe nge-primer. Kuya kubonelela ngempahla efunekayo. Kwakhona, ukuba kufuneka kuguqulwe ipayipi ngepende, umgangatho uphambili. Ukongeza kwi-adhesion efunekayo, iingubo eziphakathi ziya kunika amandla amakhulu ekugqibeleni.

Ekugqibeleni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kobunzobo bokubhabisa phezulu kungenzima. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukulungiselela isiseko ngokuchanekileyo. Umgangatho awufanele uqulethe naziphi na iziphoso. I-substrate kufuneka ihlambuluke ibe iyomile. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-primer. Ukungayithobeli le nto kunokunciphisa kakhulu amandla okugqoka kunye nokwehlisa ukuxhaswa kwezinto ezithile. Iingcali zincoma ukuba zisebenzise iimveliso ezifanayo. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise iziqendu ezalandelayo, kufuneka ulinde ukomiswa kwezidlulileyo.