I-laser Ruby: umgaqo wokusebenza

Ama-lasers yokuqala avela kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, kwaye nanamhlanje le nxalenye ikhuthazwa ngamakhampani amakhulu. Abathuthuli bafumana zonke izixhobo eziphezulu zekhwalithi, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba basebenzise kakuhle ngokusebenzayo.

I-lasy-state-state ruby laser ayiqwalaselwe njengenye yezixhobo ezithembisayo zolu hlobo, kodwa ngenxa yazo zonke iingxaki, kodwa zifumanisa izixhobo.

Ulwazi jikelele

Ama-lasy rubri ahlelwe njengezixhobo ezisisigxina. Xa kuthelekiswa nama-analogs amachiza kunye negesi, banamandla angaphantsi. Oku kuchazwa yohlukwano kwimimiselo yezinto, ngenxa yokuba imilashini inikezelwa. Ngokomzekelo, iilesi zamachiza ezifanayo ziyakwazi ukuvelisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwamakhulu ama-kilowatts. Phakathi kweempawu ezahlula i-laser yeruby, kukho iqondo eliphezulu lokumonochromaticity, kunye nokuhambelana kwemitha. Ukongezelela, ezinye iimodeli zinika ingxininiso yamandla okukhanya endaweni, okwaneleyo ukufezekiswa kwe-thermonuclear fusion ngokushushumbisa i-plasma ngethambeka.

Njengoko igama libonisa, i-cryydi crystal yenza njengendlela esebenzayo ye-laser, emele ngesilinda. Iziphelo zentonga ziphucukileyo ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Kwi-laser ye-ruby yakwazi ukubonelela ngombane wamandla ombane kuwo, amacandelo e-crystal aqhutywelwa kude kube yindawo efana nombane. Ngelo xesha, iziphelo mazibe yi-perpendicular to axis of element. Kwezinye iimeko, iziphelo, ezithe ngenye indlela izibuko, zongezwa ngefayile ye dielectric okanye uluhlu lwesilivere.

Isixhobo searray lasers

Ifowuni ifaka ikhamera ene-resonator, kunye nomthombo wamandla okhuthaza ama-athomu e-crystal. Njenge-activator flash, isibane sokukhanya se-xenon sinokusetyenziswa. Umthombo wokukhanya ufumaneka kwinqanaba elilodwa le-resonator, elinesimo sesigxina. Ngenye i-axis kukho into yeruby. Njengomthetho, iintonga ezine Ubude bu-2-25 cm zisetyenziselwa.

I-Resonator phantse konke ukukhanya kwisibane esithumela kwi-crystal. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwiimeko eziphezulu zokushisa, ezifunekayo ukupompa okubonakalayo kwe-crystal, akuzona zonke izibani ze-xenon ezikwazi ukusebenza . Ngesi sizathu, idivaysi yerayisi ye-ray, equka imithombo yokukhanya esekelwe kwi-xenon, ibalwa kwindlela yokuqhubekayo yokusebenza, ebizwa ngokuba yi-impulse. Ngokuphathelele intonga, ngokuqhelekileyo iyenziwe ngefiyatri engumfanekiso, enokuthi iguqulwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zomsebenzi we-laser.

Umgaqo we-laser operation

Xa ifowuni ivuliwe ngokuvula isibane, umphumo wokuguquka kwenzeka ngokunyuka kwinqanaba le-i-chromium ion kwikristal, ekhokelela ekunyuseni kwenyuka kwinani leephoton ezikhutshwe. Ngelo xesha, ulwalamano oluphambeneyo luyabonwa kwi-resonator, olunikezwa ngumbonakaliso wesibuko ekupheleni kwetonga elomeleleyo. Yile ndlela indlela umgca omncinci ukhula ngayo.

Ubungakanani bentshukumo, njengomthetho, alugqithisi u-0.0001, obuncinane xa kuthelekiswa nobude bezenzo ze-flash neon. I-pulse energy ye-laser laser yi-1 J. Njengoko kwimeko yamashishini egesi, umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-laser laser isekelwe kwimpembelelo yempendulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubukhulu bokukhanya kokukhanya buqala ukuxhaswa ngezibuko ezibandakanyeka ne-resonator ebonakalayo.

Iindlela zokusebenza zeLaser

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-laser eneentonga ze-ruby isetyenziswe kwindlela yokubunjwa kweentlobo ezikhankanyiweyo ngobukhulu kwi-millisecond. Ukufezekisa ixesha elide lomsebenzi, ezobuchwephesha zandisa amandla okupompoza. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izibane ezinamandla. Ukusukela kwintsimi yokunyuka kwamanzi ngenxa yexesha lokubunjwa kwetyala lombane kwisibane esibonakalisiweyo sibonakaliswe ngokucwenga, umsebenzi we-laser ruby uqala ngokulibaziseka ngexesha apho inani lezinto ezisebenzayo lidlula ixabiso lembombo.

Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukuphazamiseka kwesizukulwana se-pulse. Izinto ezinjalo zigcinwa kwixesha elithile emva kokuhla kweenjini zamandla, oko kukuthi, xa amandla angena phantsi kwexabiso. Iingcali, i-laser ye-ruby inokusebenza kwimodi eqhubekayo, kodwa ulolu hlobo lufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezibane ezinamandla kwi-design. Enyanisweni, kulo mzekelo, abaphuhlisi bajamelene neengxaki ezifana nokudala i-lasers ye-gas - engakwaziyo ukusebenzisa isiseko sezinto kunye neempawu ezikhulayo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukunciphisa ubuchule befowuni.

Iintlobo

Inzuzo yempembelelo yempendulo iyabonakala kakhulu kuma-lasers kunye nokudibanisa okungenakuqhathaniswa. Ngaloo ndlela yokwakha, into yokusabalalisa isetyenziswe ngokubanzi, evumela ukuba kuqhutywe i-frequency spectrum. I-laser yeRuby ene-Q-factor modulated isetyenziswe-isakhiwo sayo sibandakanya ezimbini iingcongolo, zicolile kwaye zingenakuhlulwa. Uhlu lobushushu lwenza kube lula ukwenza iimilo ezimbini ze-laser, ezahlukana kunye ne-wavevelth nge-angstroms. Le mibala ikhanya ngokukhupha, kwaye i-angle eyenziwe yi-vectors yayo ihluke ngexabiso elincinci.

Uphi i-laser yeruby esetyenziswayo?

Iil lasers ezinjalo zibonakaliswa ngumbimbi ophantsi wobuchule, kodwa zihluke kwiqondo lokuzinza. Ezi zimpawu zichonga izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kweerers. Namhlanje zisetyenziselwa ukudalwa kweholography, kunye nakuma-shishini apho kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe umsebenzi wokubamba izimbobo eziphezulu. Sebenzisa ezo zixhobo kwimisebenzi yokulondoloza. Ngokomzekelo, ekwakheni iinkqubo zekhompyutheni zenkxaso yobugcisa bezonxibelelwano nge-satellite. Kwiyeza, i-laser ye-ruby yafumana indawo yayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwetheknoloji kule shishini iphinda ichazwe ngethuba lokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo. Iil lasers ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwee-scalpels eziyinyumba, ezivumela ukuqhuba imisebenzi ye-microsurgical.

Isiphelo

I-laser ene-ruby esebenzayo isebenzayo yayisexesha layo yokuqala inkqubo yokusebenza yalolu hlobo. Kodwa njengoko uphuhliso lwamacebo angaphezulu kunye negesi kunye nokuzaliswa kweekhemikhali, kubonakala ukuba ukusebenza kwayo kunemiphumo emininzi. Kwaye akuthethi ukuba i-laser yeruby enye yeyona nto inzima kunokwenziwa komsebenzi. Njengoko izakhiwo zayo zokusebenza zanda, ngokunjalo ngaba imfuneko yezinto ezenza isakhiwo. Ngako oko, iindleko zefowuni nazo zikhula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuhliswa kwemizekelo ye-lasers esekelwe kwi-crystal yeruby ineziseko zayo, ezihambelanayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwiimpawu ezizodwa ze-medium-state esebenzayo.