I-cardiopulmonary insufficiency: iimpawu kunye nonyango

Ngokuqhelekileyo siva intetho ethi "ukungafezeki komzimba," kodwa bambalwa bangatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni le ntsholongwane. Yintoni esi sifo, zeziphi iimpawu kunye nezizathu zayo, siya kuqonda.

I-cardiopulmonary insufficiency - yintoni na?

Kwimichiza yanamhlanje, ukungazi kakuhle kwe-cardiopulmonary kuqondwa njengemeko apho ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, oko kukuthi, ukungakwazi kwentliziyo ukubonelela ngegazi eliqhelekileyo emzimbeni, kudibene nesifo se-pulmonary esenzeka ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo yegazi kwimimandla yemiphunga apho ukutshintshwa kwegesi kuyenzeka khona. Zonke ezi zikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwinqanaba le-oksijini egazini.

Ngokwenza oko, ukungafezeki kwamapulmoni kudla kuqala kuqala, iimpawu zentliziyo ziqhotyoshelwe emva kwexeshana. Ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza, le nkcazo enzima ingabonwa ngezifo ezininzi zesimo senhliziyo, kunye nezifo zemiphunga. Kulo xesha, ukukhubazeka kungabonakaliswa ngendlela ephawulekayo, xa iimpawu zikhula ngexesha elifutshane, kwaye zinokuthi zibe neengxaki ezingapheliyo, xa ukutshabalalisa kwenzeka iminyaka emininzi okanye kwiminyaka emashumi.

Izizathu zokungaphumeleli kwe-cardiopulmonary

Ukungazi kakuhle kwamapulmoni yinkcenkcesha evela phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezisongela ubomi bomguli. Oku kufuna uncedo olungxamisekileyo lwezonyango. Njengomgaqo, unokuhlakulela phantsi kwezi zilandelayo:

• Njengomphumo we-thrombosis okanye i-pulmary artery spasm;
• Nge-thromboembolism;
• Nge-pneumatic okanye i-rotor-rotor;
• Ngoxinzelelo lwe-asthma ye-bronchial, isimo se-asthmatic.

Nangona kunjalo, imbangela yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwi-pulmonary artery ingaba kunye nokukhubazeka kwentliziyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka xa kukho ukungabikho ngokukhawuleza kwe-valve mitral. Kwakhona, imbangela yokuphuhliswa kwe-pulmonary insufficiency ingabikho ukuhluleka kwiphakheji ye-pulmary, i-myocardial infarction, i-myocarditis, iintsilelo zentliziyo kwinqanaba le-decompensation, cardiomyopathy. Kule meko, umgca we-ventricle wekhohlo uyanda, kwaye ukubethelwa kwodonga akusekho ukunyusa i-volume yonke yegazi kwi-lumen yesitya. Elinye inxalenye yalo liyancipha kwaye landisa uxinzelelo kwiimvumba zeplmon. Ekubeni i-ventricle efanelekileyo iyaqhubeka nokupompa igazi ngokugcwele, uxinzelelo luqhubeka lukhula, olunokubangela ukuba i -edema ye-pulmonary okanye i-asthma ye-cardia.

Izizathu zokungaphumeleli kwe-cardiopulmonary

I-pulmonary non-sufficiency, engafaniyo kunye nefomu ekhulayo, ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Inkqubo yokwandisa utshintsho oluthile luye lwaqhubeka iminyaka emininzi. Kule meko, uphuhliso lwexinzelelo lwengxowankulu kwimithambo yamapulmonari lwenzeka ngokumalunga nalezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• I-Hereditary idiopathic ingcinezelo yengozi;
• Atherosclerosis;
• Ukungaphumeleli komthambo we-pulmonary, engabangelwa yi-endarteritis okanye ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwamasebe amancinci;
• Izifo zamaphaphu ezingapheliyo - i-emphysema, pleurisy, i-pneumosclerosis, i-bronchitis ephazamisayo;
• Ukuphuculwa kancinci ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo yesisu ;
• Izifo zentsimbi ye-valve.

Ukungafezeki kwamapulonari: ubunzima

Ngenxa yokuba ifomu engapheliyo yesi sifo ibonakaliswe ngokunyuka okuthe ngcipheko kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kungabonakali kwamathambo, izigaba ezine zobunzima zesifo zizimisele:

• I-degree - iimpawu zesifo azikho, kunye nomsebenzi oqhelekileyo wokubonakalisa kwesi sifo awugcinwa, ngokunyuka komthwalo kukho ukuphefumula okufutshane.
• I-II degree - ekuphumleni kweempawu ayibonakali, kodwa ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, ukuphefumula okufutshane kunye neentliziyo ezininzi zivela.
• I-III degree - iimpawu zokungafezeki zibonakala zingasebenzi ngokusemgangathweni, kodwa ekuphumleni azikho.
• I-IV degree - umntu akanako ukusebenzisa umzimba omncinci, iimpawu zesifo eso sibonakalisiwe.

Ukuhlaselwa ngokuthe kratya kwe-pulmonary insufficiency kungakhula ngokukodwa kwesinye sezinto ezimbini - ukungaphumeleli kokungena kwesigxina. Ukungaphumeleli kwe-ventricular kungabonakaliswa yi-edema ye-pulmon okanye i-asthma yesifo.

I-asthma ye-cardia

Oku kungenakuthola kwamapulmoni, iimpawu zazo ezanda ngokunyuka. Kwizigaba zokuqala, zibonakalisa njengokuphefumula okufutshane, okubonakala kuqala emva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, kunye nexesha liqinisa, kubonakala nakwiindawo zokuphumla. Ukuphefumula okufutshane, isenzo sokuphefumlelwa (ubunzima obunamandla) kunzima. Kwixesha elizayo, kuthatyathwa ngokuhlaselwa kokuxhatshazwa, okwenzeka rhoqo ngexesha lokulala. Kule nqanaba, ukunyanzeliswa kokunyanzeliswa kuyintloko ephezulu, ngexesha lokuhlaselwa isigulane isigxina ukuba sihlale phantsi, sinciphisa imilenze yakhe ukusuka embhedeni kwaye sincike ezandleni zakhe, ngaphandle kokuphefumla okufutshane, kukho ukudibanisa, ukujuluka, kunye nokwesaba ukufa. Ukhuhlane nge-astmma yomzimba yomile, kunye ne-phlegm ehlukileyo. Izikhumba zesikhumba zibalaphaza, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cyanosis enxantathu ye- nasolabial, iminwe. I-Pulse ayifanelekanga, inobuthathaka, uxinzelelo linciphile.

Khawucinge ukuba yiziphi iimpawu zesifo se-asthma ne-bronchial:

Ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga

Ukungazi kakuhle kwamapulmoni kunokuba nzima ngokuphuhlisa i-edema ye-pulmonary. Oku kukukhutshwa kwexabiso elikhulu legazi kumathisula emiphunga. Ukuhlaselwa kuvela ngokukhawuleza, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yimini yosuku. Isiqalo sibonakaliswe ngokugqithisa okubukhali, ngelixa kukho ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kwesigulane:

• I-Dyspnea iyingozi, isigulane asinakho okwaneleyo emoyeni, i-cyanosis yolusu lobuso kunye neengalo, isithukuthezi esibanda;
• Ubumnono buphukile - kungabikho injabulo yeemoto kunye nokuxhamla ukuphelisa ukulahlekelwa kweengqondo;
• Ukuphefumula, ukugubha, ukuqhuma umphunga obomvu;
• Ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka malunga nomsitho we-myocardial infarction okanye i-myocarditis, ukutshatyalaliswa kwegazi kunokukhula.

Ukungaphumeleli kwamandla okuqala

Inokuvela kwakhona njengengxaki ye-myocardial infarction okanye i-myocarditis. Ukubonakaliswa kwayo, ngaphandle kokuphefumla okufutshane kunye nokwanda kokukhula, ngaba:

• I-Cyanosis yobuso kunye neminwe;
• Ebonakalayo kakuhle, ngokukodwa kwi-inhalation, ivuvule imvini yomlomo wesibeleko;
• Ukuvuvukala kweempawu, ubuso, udonga lwesisu ukuya kwi-ascites;
• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi, ukukhupha kubonakala kwi-epigastrium.

Ukungapheli kwe-cardiopulmonary

Ngenxa yokuba ifomu elingapheliyo le-pathology likhula kwiminyaka emininzi, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kweklinikhi akubi nakakhulu. Ekubeni i-pathology system yokuphefumula isentliziyweni yesifo, ibonakala ngokukodwa ngokuphefumula. Ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswe zilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu kwisifuba;
• Arrhythmia;
• Tachycardia;
• Cyanosis;
• Ukuvulela emilenzeni;
• Ukuvuvukala kwemifuno yentamo;
• Encephalopathy.

Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka, iimpawu ziqala ukwanda, kwaye ukuba ekuqaleni zivela emva kwemithwalo ethile, ngoko kwiinqanaba zokugqibela (kwinqanaba lokuhlawula) le nto ivela ekuphumleni okupheleleyo.

I-Cardiopulmonary insufficiency: unyango

Ukuphuhliswa kokungapheli okuqhelekileyo kudinga ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza kunye nobugcisa. Njengomthetho, unyango luqhutyelwa esibhedlele, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiyunithi yokunyamekela. Xa kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuhambisa umntu ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka kwiziko lempilo. Ulwaphulo lwesimo esingapheliyo sesifo luquka indlela edibeneyo yokunyangwa kwesi sifo. Oku akukona nje ukulungiswa kwezonyango, kodwa kunye nokwenziwa komgangatho wesenzo somzimba, ukondla. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngolu hlobo lwezilwanyana kubandakanya ukuqeshwa kwamaqela alandelayo mayeza:

• Beta-blockers;
• Diuretics;
• I-cardiac glycosides.

Inkqubo yonyango kunye nokulingana kwimeko nganye ichongwa ngugqirha. Ukubandakanyeka kwiyeza-mayeza akuvumelekanga. Kwimeko yokungahambi kakuhle kwonyango olulondolozayo, ingxaki ixazululwa.