Hemosiderosis yemiphunga: Iimpawu kunye nonyango

Hemosiderosis yemiphunga - sisifo esibi kakhulu. Oku kwenzeka xa ubunzima iiseli ezibomvu zegazi wadibana nale nyama kwemiphunga yabantu. Xa oku kuqhubeka ixesha elide uphuhliso mbala hemosiderin ayoni.

Yintoni hemosiderosis?

Ukuxilonga esi sifo kunokwenzeka kuphela ngokusekelwe X-ray, kodwa, kukho iimpawu ezininzi apho ubukho bayo bangonakala kucingelwa. iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ukuba isigulana gemosiderkoz emiphungeni - a ukukhohlela embi, Hawking ukuya igazi, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukopha emiphungeni. Kusenokubakho nefiva kunye tachycardia.

Ngenxa ye X-reyi yemiphunga ugqirha ungenza isifo ecacileyo. ezinye izifundo kwakhona kuqhutywa ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulane nokubandezeleka kulo sifo. Yeyona yeemviwo isikhohlela, chemistry igazi, kwiimeko ezinzima - lung biopsy.

Unyango kwesi sifo eveliswe isicelo of corticosteroids kunye iziyobisi nokuphelisa iimpawu ezithile.

kubonakaliswa izifo

hemosiderosis Idiopathic pulmonary nayo ngokuba syndrome ngenjongo-Gellerstedta. Le yingxaki lwezidumbu, esizibonakalisa ngenxa sombala hemosiderin nokufumba okhethekileyo kwemiphunga yabantu. Eyona phawu yale mbala kwinto yokuba ibandakanya oxide yentsimbi. Unoxanduva ukugcinwa yesinyithi emzimbeni. Ngexesha izifo ezahlukeneyo ngayo oluhlala emzimbeni, nto leyo ekhokelela iingxaki zempilo yesigulane. Kwakhona, oko kukholisa ukwenzeka imizimba yabantu.

Xa umongo wayo, hemosiderin - iifomu agcinwe emzimbeni spare intsimbi. Ngenxa yale ilaphu abe nombala ngekopi libizwe. Xa umntu iphuhlisa hemosiderosis idiopathic pulmonary, kwi nezihlunu umzimba yande ukuya grams ezintlanu yentsimbi.

Ngokwaso sibe intsimbi akuthethi kuchaphazela ukusebenza izinto ezisisiseko umzimba, kule meko kwemiphunga. Noko ke, xa ehamba pulmonary hemosiderosis sclerosis, le ukuphazamiseka ezisebenzayo kwi emzimbeni kunqandwa.

Emngciphekweni izigulane kalula lo sifo abantwana abancinane nabo bakwishumi elivisayo. kaninzi ngaphezu nabasetyhini.

Ezibangela isifo

Hemosiderosis yemiphunga nga zenzeka ebantwini ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Eyona oluqhelekileyo - isiphako naso ezindongeni isitya kwegazi miphungeni. Ngenxa yale nto ke, umzimba kukho zokuncipha emithanjeni kunye ukuyekwa yokumpompoza kwegazi okwethutyana. Ngenxa yoko exuded erythrocytes, kwaye zamaphaphu kwizihlunu ezi microbleeds lung rhoqo.

Ngenxa yale intsimbi iyekelela kwaye iwela hemosiderin. Yena, ke, ifunxwe yi macrophage alveolar kwaye ifakwe epithelia kunye iiseli endothelial kwi ezithile enkulu. Kwakhona wadlala indima sibi yenye siphene naso. Ezineziphene uqhagamshelwano phakathi izidumbu ezimbini, kulo mzekelo - imithambo inyumoniya ngemithambo kwemiphunga.

uhlobo Immunoallergic lwesifo

Oonobangela kunye morphogenesis le hemosiderosis kwemiphunga nayo immunoallergic. Xa oku izakhiwo omzimba zibangela umonakalo kweendonga eziyintloko emithanjeni miphungeni. Kukho lunyhasho yawo eqhelekileyo, ngokusebenzisa imithambo yegazi umonakalo emiphungeni uwa intsimbi agqithisileyo, kubangela umsebenzi umzimba nomsindo kakhulu.

Kwakhona, yokulahlwa kwe ngokugqithisileyo hemosiderin kwi inwebu kwemiphunga inegalelo inkqubo ngokukhawuleza kwintshabalalo iiseli ezibomvu, sikhatshwe kokukhutshwa kwalo, apho kwenzeka udakada. A inqanaba eliphezulu kukufakwa yentsimbi ethunjini, ndoyolula ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinomthamo yentsimbi phezulu.

Ngelo lokuqala hemosiderosis yemiphunga nabantwana kwenzeka njengoko sisifo idiopathic ukuba sinxulumana nezinye iingxaki. A ikhatshwe syndrome Gainer (kwimeko ukuba umzimba olubuthathaka kakhulu iiproteni eziqulathwe ngobisi inkomo zendalo).

Ukuba hemosiderosis kwenzeka kwakhona, kwemiphunga mikrokrovotecheniya kunokukhokelela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, nto leyo ibe yingxaki esinganyangekiyo.

Kwakhona, esi sifo kufuneka sikhatshwe onaso ka Goodpasture. Le ekubulaleni alveoli imiphunga kunye nezintso, ekhatshwa loloyiko zabo. Isifo idla phantsi abantu abaneminyaka eyi-20 ukuya kuma-30. Kukho uluvo malunga iyafika njengelifa.

hemosiderosis amile

hemosiderosis pulmonary Idiopathic ebantwaneni kudla okubangelwa zizifo. Kunokuba lula SARS, ngokunjalo nezifo ezimandundu - imasisi, unkonkonko seengcongconi. Kwakhona, ingaba neziphumo ukunxila.

hemosiderosis amileyo ikhula iingxaki entliziyweni engapheliyo. Kunokuba zonke iintlobo zezifo kwentliziyo - izifo intliziyo, Cardio kunye nezinye izifo.

ezivame waphinda hemosiderosis amileyo ezivelileyo ndoyolula exposure kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, uhlobo olunamandla ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni, ukusetyenziswa amayeza athile.

Ukuba hemosiderosis kwemali ngaphakathi alveoli emiphungeni, ukuba iifoto ngokucacileyo imizila ezibonakalayo microbleeds kunye nendawo needipozithi ngokugqithiseleyo hemosiderin ezifana maqhuqhuva, leyo zicwangciswe ukusuka embindini ukuya kwimiphetho kwemiphunga.

iimpawu

Hemosiderosis kungenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi. Acute, subacute kunye yomhla nezolo. Ukuba isifo ibonwa abantwana, kaninzi kwenzeka kwangethuba ubudala kokuya esikolweni, ukususela kwiminyaka emithathu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izigulane lowo uphethwe wazibeka kwiiveki zokuqala yobomi.

isifo abonisa yokopha yemiphunga nezengekho ukopha, nokuziva ukusilela sokuphefumla.

Ngexesha kukuvela iingxaki ebantwini kubonakala ukukhohlela enzima umbala umhlwa, kwiimeko kakhulu, ukuba sifo kukukhohlela igazi. Xa abantwana abaselula, igazi banokuba linganihlanzi.

Ngosuku loviwo, oogqirha ingqalelo ukutswina, tachycardia, ifiva, kaninzi isigulane ikhalazela iintlungu esifubeni isisu, kwakunye kwamalunga. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukukhula engaqhelekanga kwesibindi kunye nokwehla okukhulu ubunzima.

Ukuba hemoptysis siqhubekeka ixesha elide, isigulana iphuhlisa anaemia, ubuthathaka kunye nesiyezi. Isikhumba uba libunile, nasesangqeni amehlo kukho yellowness isici. Le ndoda kunye udiniwe ngokukhawuleza narhoqo uva ingxolo ezindlebeni. ixesha elinzima sifo kwenzeka ngokwexesha kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku 10-15. Ngoko ke, akukho akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle unyango.

Ebudeni bexesha zimbi ukhohlokhohlo kwakunye nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo ukuze ndinciphe, kodwa kunzima kukhuthaza akunjalo, ukubona ugqirha kufuneka ngoko nangoko. Ngoxolelo isikhalazo isenokungabi ziyafumaneka onke, yaye umntu uyakwazi ukuphila ubomi ngokupheleleyo olusebenzisekayo.

Nge exacerbation ngalinye ixesha woyekelelo sifo lifinyele, kodwa inani ukwandisa ixesha nobukhali iingxaki. Enye neziphumo kwegazi - kwamanani lilonke umzimba. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, kwanokufa lomguli ezilindelekileyo - isiphumo lusizi lungenzeka ngenxa ahlekise legazi yemiphunga kwaye ukusilela yokuphefumla ngesiquphe.

isifo hemosiderosis

Ukwenzela ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo hemosiderosis yemiphunga, kufuneka uluvo lobuchwepheshe ziingcali ezininzi. Okokuqala, nto pulmonologist, segazi. Kananjalo kufuneka ukuba bafunde wabonakala kwezonyango sifo. Ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle isifundo ka-X reyi, uhlalutyo yesikhohlela, igazi (njenge uhlalutyo jikelele, kwaye kwemichiza) kunye biopsy semiphunga.

Ukuxilonga esi sifo nzima kakhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi kuthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba iingcali ukhombe isifo. Ngamanye amaxesha wambeka kokufa kwakhe. Eyona nto kukuba kuqala uneempawu ezithile, ezifana nezinye izifo ezininzi, yaye abaninzi nje ningabaniki ixabiso. Ngokuqhelekileyo yinto nje nezigulo zokuphefumla ekhatshwa ukhohlokhohlo kunye nezinye.

isigaba yayiyazi

Ukuba oogqirha kwafunyaniswa hemosiderosis idiopathic pulmonary, unyango kuyimfuneko. Umzimba ngokwawo awukwazi ukumelana nale ngxaki. Xa uhlobo nokoyika esi sifo lukhatshwa crackles kunye iyangongoza. Ngelo xesha kwanciphisa inqanaba iiseli ezibomvu, imigangatho ephakamileyo yibilirubin zesinyithi serum kwi igazi kuncinane.

Ngexesha iingxaki zenzeka leukocytosis, inqanaba ESR liphuma, leyo ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa komtshiso oko. Kumanqanaba kamva kwesi sifo kubonakala polycythemia. Le yinkqubo ithumba nabungozi, ekhatshwa hyperplasia kweeseli umongo wethambo.

izifundo X-ray

Xa isifundo ka-X reyi kwi zigaba zokuqala zesi sifo iphawulwa ukuhla elubala emasimini zemiphunga. Ngelo xesha, kwi zigaba yesithathu neyesine ukuba mnyama ofunda eqatha ukwenzakala kwithishyu nokuqina isekho isici.

Kudla kukho amathunzi ezintsha focal, nangona yokuba endala shwaka. On spirography ukubandezeleka yokuphefumla ibonakale, phezu electrocardiogram - miokardiostrofiya. uxilongo lokugqibela kunceda biopsy semiphunga.

unyango hemosiderosis

unyango ngempumelelo esi sifo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa iikhosi unyango lwexesha elide corticosteroids. Umzekelo, "Prednisolone" inceda kunyanga hemosiderosis miphungeni. Ichiza enciphisa permeability kwemithambo yegazi kunye abangaphangeliyo uphuhliso basabele sokuhlasela.

Ukuba zonyango angqingqwa zivunyiwe ukuba kuphumelele, kusetyenziswa iindlela ngoko yotyando. Nokuba ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye Ususe udakada, kusenokuba kakhulu ekunciphiseni ubungozi Uxolelo. Kwakhona oku kunciphisa amathuba iingxaki, kunye yomguli iminyaka yobomi emva kwalo msebenzi uya kunyuka iminyaka 7-10.

Amalungiselelo kwisigaba etsolo lophuhliso izifo

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwisigaba etsolo kunye nokuthintela amachiza afanayo emiselweyo. Xa lokufunyaniswa "hemosiderosis yemiphunga" ukuphatha nokuziphatha ngendlela eyiyo ngenxa indibanisela arhente kweeseli kunye plasmapheresis. Oku kunciphisa imbonakalo autoantibodies ezintsha kunceda umzimba ukumelana endala.

Kwakhona indlela ephumelelayo - ukususwa yesinyithi umchamo, kusetyenziswa le ukumnika "Desferal". Xa unyango kweempawu kusetyenziswa bronchodilators, antikoagulyarnye ithetha.

oogqirha nixolelwe Long-term zinokufikelela, ngoxa ngokuhlonipha izigulane zabo ukutya ngokungqongqo ukuba akubandakanyi zonke iimveliso ezisekelwe ubisi lwenkomo. Ukuba isifo zaqhubeka zingena nqanaba ezingapheliyo, mhlawumbi ukuqeshwa nitrate. oko ngakumbi enxulumene neengxaki ngentliziyo engapheliyo.

iintlobo hemosiderosis

Oogqirha iintlobo ezininzi kwesi sifo. Ngokukodwa, hemosiderosis yemiphunga ezibonakala (macropreparations "Brown induration ukukhanya"). Kulo mzekelo, imiphunga kwandisa ubukhulu, babe texture ashinyeneyo kakhulu. Kwakhona, ezimnyama-bomvu ukuya limnyama livalwe ngowama somhlathi maleko wayo ezimhlophe kunye inclusions sinombala.

Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona kwenzeka hemosiderosis lung (micropreparations № 111). Kulo mzekelo, zombala emdaka ebonakala ngaphakathi iiseli nangaphandle ukuba ngexesha elebhu Perls basabela abe luhlaza okanye oluhlaza. Bona phakathi nemingxuma bronchi kunye alveoli kuvuka.

Ngaphezu koko, ezi iimpahla lung lomntu ukhamisile kakhulu lexinene. Isifo ihamba ukopha bandile ulwahlulo phakathi alveoli. Ngelo xesha ke bafumana inwebu kwizicwili.