Helicobacter pylori: ntoni na? Helicobacter pylori: esiyingozi, uhlalutyo, Iimpawu and Treatment

Namhlanje, abaninzi kuthi bayazi ukuba igciwane encinane esibizwa Helicobacter pylori kunokubangela izifo ezifana isilonda esiswini. Imbali kokufunyanwa esi silwanyana akuxhomekekanga kolulwa phezu kangangeenkulungwane. Helicobacter pylori kudala wafunda, akazange afune ukwamkela, yaye ekugqibeleni, ekugqibeleni wafumana indima yayo iziganeko zezifo kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Loluphi uhlobo igciwane nendlela yokuzifumana kunokuba?

Ulwazi kokuphilayo ezincane

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izazinzulu sele uyazi into eninzi Helicobacter pylori. Yintoni ephilayo kakhulu, yaye awukabi nayo i inucleus iseli, abaphengululi afumaneka kanye ekuqaleni isifundo sakhe. Isiphelo of izazinzulu: igciwane na uhlobo endala ebomini. Akumangalisi ukuba kwande kokusingqongileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba eli amaphelo wafunyaniswa kubantu kuphela kodwa kwi yimingxuma mlilo.

Ngeentlobo ezininzi iintsholongwane kubalulekile ukuba khona. Ngoncedo lwabo uphuhliso kwezinye izinto eziluncedo (umz, vitamin A) yenzeka emzimbeni womntu. Ezinye iintlobo bacteria ukukhusela zomaleko zangaphandle le epithelium (wokuchama kunye yomoya, wokugaya, isikhumba) amagciwane izifo. Nangona kunjalo, inani labo akukho sezandleni Helicobacter pylori. Yintoni na le ntsholongwane? Kucingwa yayintsholongwane eyosulela kunye oonobangela kakubi umzimba.

Yintoni yaqinisekisa phathogenicity le ntsholongwane? Eyona nto kukuba zonke amagciwane eziliqela iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Baye:

- amandla yemfuza ukuba parasitism;
- Organotropona (bhetyebhetye ukuba izihlunu sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kunye amalungu omzimba womntu);
- toxigenic, okt ukukwazi ukukhulula izinto eziyityhefu;
- Okukodwa (isiba unobangela izifo ezosulelayo);
- ukukwazi ukuba zikhona emzimbeni ixesha elide, okanye uzingise.

History of izovela

Emva kwenkulungwane ye-19. izazinzulu ezininzi ayikwazanga ngokuqiniseka okuphelele ukuphendula umbuzo othi: "Helicobacter pylori - ntoni na?" Kodwa ngaloo mihla, abaphandi abaninzi baye bacinga ukuba olo izifo esiswini njengoko izilonda, gastritis nomhlaza, ahlobene izifo. Baye awafunyanwayo yencindi ye iintsholongwane kunye kwemilo luphawu uwele emzimbeni wakhe. Nakuba kunjalo, izifundo evela amagciwane esiswini, xa yemeko ezisingqongileyo, ngokukhawuleza wafa, uze uhlole wabo akwenzeki.

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo: "? Helicobacter pylori - yintoni" Abaphandi baye bakwazi kwinkulungwane kuphela kamva. Kuphela 1983, izazinzulu Australian Barry Marshall kunye Robin Warren waxelela ihlabathi ukuba yencindi esiswini abantu abanengxaki gastritis ezingapheliyo kunye nezilonda Peptic, bafumana iintsholongwane spiral.

Lo nyaka ngunyaka ukufunyanwa Helicobacter pylori, njengoko incwadi eyenziwe ngasekupheleni 19 c., Ngaba ngeli xesha ukhohliwe ngokukhuselekileyo. gastroenterologists ezininzi ichongwe izinto ezinkulu loxinzelelo esiswini ezimbi nedayethi engafanelekanga, yofuzo, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo ukutya ngokugqithiseleyo okuneziqholo njalo njalo. N.

bacteria ingozi

Vula izazinzulu Australian silwanyana yahlukile. De 1983 kwakucingwa ukuba isisu akakwazi akukho iintsholongwane, kuba yinto zehydrochloric acid ndlongondlongo. Noko ke, Helicobacter pylori kuye, wawancamisa ekuhleni le vekeleke xona. Le bacterium kwezinto uyakwazi ukusinda esiswini kunye duodenum.

Ingozi le silwanyana gqirha-Isazinzulu B. Marshall wazibonakalisa ngokwam. Yena gciwane ngabom Helicobacter hilori. Emva koko, waba gastritis.

Eli bali wonke want. UGqirha kwaba inxaxheba iintsholongwane kuphuhliso lo ngezifo le lokugaya. Yena ndabagxotha gastritis emva kokuchitha ikhosi yeeveki ezimbini-unyango isibulala-zintsholongwane, wabizela ndawonye noRobert Warren Nobel Prize.

Kamva, ezinye iintlobo Helicobacter zifunyenwe. Ezinye zazo unobangela kwezifo ezosulelayo ebantwini.

bacteria yokuhlala

Helicobacter pylori i silwanyana ukuba unako ukumelana siphila esiswini antral. Igciwane ukubonwa uvikele kunokudala umaleko anodaka shinyi leyo ehlanganiswa kumphezulu zombilini. Kungenxa kule ndawo kukho imeko cala apho kukho neze-oksijini.

Akukho iintsholongwane Helicobacter pylori okhuphisana abangenanto. Wachaza ezolile izalana kwaye igcina abemi yabo bondle imixholo isisu. ingxaki yakhe kuphela ukuphikiswa zokuzikhusela zomzimba.

Ngenxa misila yayo bacteria liqhekeza yaye ngokukhawuleza zihamba esiswini incindi motion corkscrew. Ngelo xesha linye sihlala colonizes kwiindawo ezintsha. Ukuze sisinde kwi-bume engentle, Helicobacter pylori amagqabantshintshi urease. Le enzyme olwenziwayo, leyo neutralizes i zehydrochloric acid kwindawo yokothula ngeenxa zonke silwanyana. Ngenxa yoko, igciwane ngokulula weyisayo yingozi yonke indalo ephilayo yaye ifikelela ungqameko isifo lomelele.
pathogen singanyangekiyo kwezopolitiko ngamandla ayo izithako ezizodwa ezivumela kusaba host imikhosi omzimba.

Le bacterium sisidleleli kwi isifo esiswini latyhaphaka. Oku kukhokelela yimbonakalo izilonda ezincinane. Ngoko ke inkqubo sibi. umzimba ngolunya uqala kutshabalalisa ingaphakathi esiswini, nto leyo iba unobangela kwethumba.

Ukuxhaphaka iintsholongwane

H. pylori ohlala wokugaya phantse isiqingatha abemi umhlaba wethu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, igciwane yayintsholongwane eyosulela cha phendla ngokwayo. Kukholelwa ukuba kukho Helicobacter pylori abantwana besebancinane. Ingena umzimba wosana labahlobo abasondeleleneyo okanye amalungu osapho. Umendo yokosulela idla uqhagamshelane-indlu, ngenxa ukwanga, izixhobo jikelele, njl Oku kungqinwe into yokuba, njengokuba umthetho, Bosuleleka kanye onke amalungu entsapho.

Umntu onesifo ongahlala eli gciwane ubomi lonke yaye wayengazi nokuba uyazi phambi kwesi pathogen kwakhe esiswini. Yiyo loo nto kungekho manyathelo ezizodwa ukuchonga ezi eendaba ngolunya luyenziwa. Kodwa abo abaphethwe iimpawu phecana wokudla, kunokunceda ikhosi antibiotics.

Iimpawu zokuqala phambi iintsholongwane

Helicobacter pylori kubangela gastritis okanye izilonda esiswini phambi yeemeko ezithile. Oku kunokuba izithuba ekutyeni esehlisa sifo, uxinezeleko, njalo-njalo. D.

Ukubonakalalisa sifo iqala kunye nokuphazamiseka le lokugaya. Ukuba kukho heartburn, ubuhlungu emva kokutya kunye isitulo umntu, onukayo, ukungabi namdla kunye ngesiquphe ukwehla kobunzima, kwakunye iingxaki, ngoko oku uphawu lokuqala ukuba umzimba waqalisa kufadalala.

Ngamanye amaxesha Helicobacter pylori uzenza isahlakalo eyaziwayo irhashalala apha esikhumbeni. Ezinye izigulane hamba uye loonobuhle, engazi ubukho eziphilayo obungabonakaliyo esiswini.

Xa efumanise ezi mpawu zixelwe ngentla kwangoko kufuneka uqhagamshelane gqirha, ngubani ekufuneka ukuchonga esi sifo. Ukuba uphethwe ngexesha elichanekileyo yaye iya kuxhomekeka ukusebenza unyango olulandelayo.

yenze uphando

Yintoni isigulane kuya kufuneka ukuba kudlula mvavanyo ukuba gqirha unako ukubeka ukuba uphethwe yini?

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iindlela ezininzi ezisetyenziswa yezonyango, ukufumanisa ubukho iintsholongwane eziyingozi emzimbeni womntu. Xa uphawu lokuqala lwesifo izifundo zilandelayo ababelwe:

1. Uhlalutyo Helicobacter pylori egazini. Uphando luyaqhutywa ubukho antibodies engeyiyo ngaphezu intsholongwane Ubhaqo uphawu imikhosi omzimba umzimba.

2. Uhlalutyo on Helicobacter pylori ngendle. izifundo oluqhubekayo zityhila ubukho impahla yemfuza iintsholongwane eziyingozi.

3. test umoya. Ngoncedo eengcali bayakwazi ukujonga umsebenzi Helicobacter pylori urease, ibekwe esiswini.

4. izifundo cytological. Le ndlela ibandakanya silubone iintsholongwane eziyingozi usebenzisa ngemicroscope xa ucinga iisampulu isifo esiswini.

Ukuba isifo waba ukuchana liphezulu, oogqirha elawulwa nomntu ogulayo iindlela ubuncinane ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zophando.

test igazi

Olu phando kuthiwa ELISA. Eli gama akuthethi ukuba ezinye, njengokuba uhlalutyo Immunoassay wegazi. Esi sifundo siqhutywa ukufumanisa iintsholongwane pylori Helicobacter.

Ifa - uhlalutyo plasma yegazi. Ngexesha ukufunda izinto eziphilayo ezifunyenwe reactions ezahlukeneyo yamachiza yenziwa. Ngoncedo lwabo ukumisela titers unalo okanye xi ngokubhekiselele helikobakterioza gciwane. Yintoni eyona kule ndlela? It ibhaqa ubukho antibodies kwi plasma yegazi, nto leyo eyenza amajoni omzimba womntu xa tapeworm protein amazwe (oko yibhaktheriya eziyingozi).

Kwezinye iimeko ke sithethe phambi Helicobacter pylori esiswini? Ubukho eziyingozi micro-eziphilayo iziphumo zovavanyo engqina ubukho antibodies egazini. Kodwa kukho bokuqonda ethile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nokuba uvavanyo lwegazi kokuhlaziya kwi Helicobacter pylori iyancumisa, akunamsebenzi ukunika isiqinisekiso ngokupheleleyo lobukho zokugula emzimbeni. Emva omzimba igazi ziqhubeka kwabanye, maxa wambi ixesha elide emzimbeni womntu sizohlukana iintsholongwane eziyingozi.

Maxa wambi kuyenzeka ukuba umntu enikela igazi Helicobacter pylori. analysis yokuguqula ubonisa okubi (ngezantsi iiyunithi 12.5 / ml). Ibiya kuthetha ukuba yonke into entle, kodwa ... Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ibinzana kwenkqubo omzimba kubonakala ixesha elithile kuphela emva kokuba intsholongwane emzimbeni. Kungenxa yoko le nto iziphumo ezithile mvavanyo lozhnonegativnymi. iintsholongwane izifo sele emzimbeni, amajoni omzimba kodwa impendulo yayo akukabikho zinikwe ngohlobo omzimba.

Ukuze boyise iintsilelo kwesi sifundo, kukho imfuneko yokuba enze uhlalutyo iqhezu immunoglobulin IgA, IgG kunye IgM. Ezi zinto azikho ngaphandle iintlobo ezahlukeneyo omzimba ukuba ikwazi ukuvelisa iiseli zomzimba.

Ntoni ukumela ezi zithinteli? Ngenxa yoko, IgG - na iklasi immunoglobulin kakhulu luninzi. Kuyinto into ukuba uhlobo protein. IgG eveliswe yi umzimba uqala kwiiveki 3-4 emva komhla zokugula emzimbeni. Ngoko ke phambi kwale immunoglobulin xi helikobakterioza correlates umsebenzi ngayo iintsholongwane. Kwinyanga kamva, emva kokuba ukususwa losulelo IgG ayikwazi ukubonwa egazini.
Bambalwa iiproteni ziyafumaneka immunoglobulins iqhekeza uhlobo M. ibonakele egazini umguli abanentsholongwane Helicobacter pylori wokuqala wabo.

Njengoko kuba IgA, ngoko olu immunoglobulin secretory. Omzimba yale hlobo phambi usulelo kungabonwa nje kuphela igazi kodwa ngamathe kunye nencindi esiswini malunga nesigulane eso. phambi kwabo kubonisa umsebenzi omkhulu inkqubo yezifo.

Ukuba ufake ngohlalutyo Helicobacter pylori, izinga zonke iintlobo antibodies ibonakele kwimeko oluninzi kunokuba nokuzimisela esemgangathweni IgA, IgM kunye IgG. Kwezi zifundo, iingcali zithi umphumo lokugqibela ngokuxhomekeke elebhu apho zithathelwe iimvavanyo. Isebenzisa ixabiso yoxwebhu eqhelekileyo.

Kwifom, apho ubona i result (Helicobacter pylori na emzimbeni okanye hayi), wabeka phantsi amanani. izimiso zazo alawula izinga kwaye ubukho ngezifo ukuba ireferensi amaxabiso ezikhoyo antibodies emzimbeni.

Kukho iilebhu ezivunyiweyo apho imifanekiso ebonisa isiphumo ethandabuzekayo ngu Helicobacter pylori (iiyunithi 12.5-20 / ml). Ngezi amaxabiso amagqirha ukumisela utshintsho reanalysis. Kodwa ukuba uyibambe kuphela emva kweeveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu.

Nto leyo ethetha ukuba emva ezinikelwe igazi Helicobacter pylori, izinga IgG elikhankanyiweyo ekutolikeni iziphumo (ngezantsi 0.9 U / l)? Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ingcaphephe ungenza isigqibo malunga nokungabikho eziphilayo Helicobacter pylori.

Ukuba ufake kwi Helicobacter test igazi pylori, izinga immunoglobulin IgM zibonisa ngugqirha kangangexesha ekuqaleni ukuba isigulana lifumana emva kokosuleleka. Ukuba isiphumo esibi ifunyenwe ngexesha elifanayo ubukho kumzimba ezinye iintlobo izilwa-buhlungu, iya kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukungabikho kweentsholongwane sifo emzimbeni.

Yintoni enye iziphumo ezifunyenweyo xa yayishicilelwe kwi Helicobacter pylori test igazi? UNorma IgA immunoglobulin ndithi ukuba isigulane ihamba nge xesha lokuqala emva kokosuleleka. Noko ke, sisalathisi onjalo kubonisa ukungabikho kunye Helicobacter pylori. Oku kuqinisekiswa ziinqobo eqhelekileyo kwezinye iintlobo omzimba.

Ukulungiselela uvavanyo lwegazi nokubeka

Ukuze wenze kakhulu ngokuthembekileyo ukufumanisa ubukho okanye ukungabikho kosulelo emzimbeni, oogqirha ukunika iingcebiso ezithile ukuba izigulane zabo. Ukuba umntu onyulwe ukuba ukuhlalutya Helicobacter pylori indlela ukuthatha ngayo ukufumana iziphumo inokuthenjwa? Iingcali bacebisa ukuba ngaphandle kwi zokutya menu okunamafutha ngosuku phambi ngokundwendwela elabhoratri. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kuphela kusasa kucazululo Helicobacter pylori. Indlela ukuthatha ngayo? Kuphela ukuzila. Yegazi iyathathwa iphuma yesigulane. Kuye wabekwa ityhubhu yovavanyo apho gel ukusonga ekhethekileyo waqokelela izinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yoko kukho umsantsa plasma, leyo kuvavanywa ubukho omzimba.

test umoya

Uhlalutyo Urease ukufumanisa ubukho kwi eziphilayo Helicobacter pylori ngenxa nokukwazi iintsholongwane ukuvelisa enzyme, ekhusela ukusuka kokusingqongileyo nangokubandezela esiswini. Le enzyme (urease) ivelise ukuqhekeka urea kwi lokugaya. Ngenxa yale ukusabela ukuyilwa ammonia kunye carbon dioxide. Le yokugqibela yezi zinto zimbini uyakhululwa xa eliphefumla yesigulane.

Le kulingwa iye nokulungalungiswa ezintathu. Zibandakanya:

- iimvavanyo kunye urea, ukuba uphawu izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo radioactive;
- 13C uphando urea isetyenziswa ne ezineeathom non-radioactive;
- Helic-test, nesetyenziswa endaweni izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo urea.

kuyocelwa Yintoni uvavanyo umoya kwi Helicobacter pylori umbhalo? UNorma, ebonisa ukungabikho kosulelo, nto leyo ityala apho izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo absent ngokupheleleyo okhutshwa sisigulane.

Phambi naluphi na uvavanyo urease isigulane kufuneka inciphise ukuthathwa amanzi kunye nokutya. Morning ngeenyawo kwilebhu ungatyanga wenza. nayo akucetyiswa ukuba basele iyure enye phambi kokuba unikezelo yokuhlaziya. Kwiintsuku 1.5 phambi uviwo sigulane asikwazi angadli ikhaphetshu kunye apile, isonka kunye neembotyi ezimnyama, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinegalelo flatulence.

Kususa eziyingozi micro-eziphilayo

Indlela yokuphatha igciwane Helicobacter pylori? Ngenxa lunokubakho iintsholongwane yingozi emzimbeni womntu kungekho naziphi na iimpawu, unyango wenziwa kuphela kwiimeko apho kukho sele gastritis, izilonda kunye nezinye iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo.

Ukuba igciwane wafumanisa Helicobacter pylori esiswini, ukuba inyangwa njani, ugqirha isigqibo. Kuphela specialist uya kukwazi ukukhetha umntu wakhe ngomonde iirejimeni ezininzi. Yena ukwenzile oko ngokwesiseko iimpawu ngamnye yomguli, anikwe ukuba oko iziyobisi ezithile.

Ngoko ke, gastroenterologist kuthetha amanyathelo antibacterial linokukwenziwa. Ngoncedo lwabo lupheliswe yi igciwane Helicobacter pylori esiswini. Indlela yokuphatha i nomonde antibiotics? Umphathi wesekethe reception luquka ugqirha arhente amayeza afana "azithromycin", "Flemoksin" "Clarithromycin," "levofloxacin". Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona ezimiselweyo iziyobisi antibacterial "De-Nol," "Metronidazole" et al.

Xa isilonda esiswini 12 isilonda duodenal, gastritis kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi ezo zifuna unyango pylori Helicobacter? Uhlaziya Gastroenterology lubonisa ukuba unyango kunceda ukuphelisa izifo ezifana kufuneka ibandakanye iziyobisi ukunciphisa esiswini acid secretion. Kuphela kulo mzekelo, usulelo iya kuba kwindawo ezimbi kuye. Ezimbalwa iiveki, kwaye maxa wambi ithatha ixesha elide njengelo unyango Helicobacter pylori. Baqinisekiswa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza lula unyango olunjalo.

Ngelo xesha kunyango kucetyiswa ukuba bafune iingcebiso ezivela abaphilisi womthonyama. Kakade ke, amayeza endalo musa akumkhululi loo mntu amagciwane, kodwa ingaluncedo ngokususa iimpawu ebuhlungu ukukhawulezisa ukufunyanwa isifo esiswini.

Of Kumayeza intsomi ezisebenzayo ziquka oku kulandelayo:

- broths hypericum, camomile, amnandi yaye amagqabi cranberries ukuba ulime ukusebenza kubola kunye umthomalalisi;
- imbewu neoli neflakisi, nako ukwenza isiphumo wraparound;
- tincture eyenziwe ngayo iintyatyambo zasendle wasukuma emibhaka.

Ngaphambi kokuba nokusebenzisa amayeza endalo ekucetyiswa ukuba udibane nogqirha wakho.