Eziluzizi: scheme kunye nezixhobo. Eyenziwayo kunye dimmers

ulawulo olulodwa asetyenziswa ukuba ulungise ukukhanya izibane zigqengezelayo. Ezi zixhobo zibizwa nazo dimmers. Zikhona kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, evenkileni ungasoloko ukhetha le modeli efanelekileyo. Ngokusisiseko, indawo ungumgqithi wesiphaluka an isibane zigqengezelayo. Ukuguqulwa elula iquka umlawuli rotary ngenkxola. Xa sibeka luminance utshintsho component ngakumbi umbane.

Ukuba ukukhumbula imihla yakudala, ulawulo sokuwanyusa ukukhanya akukho iyasetyenziswa. Endaweni yoko, dimmers ezizodwa ifakiwe. Ngoncedo lwabo, unako kwakhona ilawulwe izibane ezibengezelayo. Ngokubanzi, kunye nemisebenzi ahlangabezana kakuhle, kodwa abaphumeleli nye. Okuhlanganiswe kokusetyenziswa kombane. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, nabalawuli mihla bachitha umbane ngaphantsi xa kusetyenziswa hayi amandla ngokupheleleyo. Kwimeko ye resistances loo mthetho awusebenzi. Amandla Ubuncinane osetyenzisiweyo umbane kwakunye eliphezulu lemali. Uchatha kulo mzekelo aguqulwa abe bubushushu.

Scheme Regulator esiku

wesekethe Simple nokuvula umbane eziluzizi kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa uhlobo potentiometer yomgama, kunye iperi transistors ngamandla eliphantsi. Ukucinezela capacitors aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa kule nkqubo. Le umphakathi ngamayelenqe yalo hlobo kufuneka kuphela uhlobo ferrite. Nangoko, phambi kokuba terminal umiselwe ukuya Shockley diode thyristor.

Indlela ukuba kwisitupu ukuya isibane?

To isibane itafile kunye nokuvula umbane eziluzizi asebenza ngesiqhelo, khangela ombane ngapha semiconductor. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ngumhloli oluqhelekileyo. Okulandelayo, ihlole ibhalbhu inye. Ukuba imiselwe odnokalnogo hlobo, zonke kwenziwa kakhulu nje. Le semiconductors output ebalulekileyo inxibelelene iplagi imingxunyana, eye wokwephuka ezimbi. Kulo mzekelo luvukelo wobuninzi kufuneka ibe ohms-3. Ukuze Ukuyivavanya ifowuni, kufuneka ukuzitshintsha umlawuli ze babukele ngexesha inye njengokukhazimla izibane zigqengezelayo.

Ukufakela iqhosha lokutyhala kwi isibane

Ukulawula ukukhanya izibane ezingqengezelayo zisebenze kakuhle, kubalulekile ukuba baqhelane kunye nebhodi yolawulo isixhobo. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ukudibanisa bonke abafowunelwa zakho. Ukuba wesekethe kusetyenziswa multi-channel, le zombane phezu ikhangelwe ngumhloli. Ezibamba ngqo nabo theka brazing. Kubalulekile ngexesha elinye ngexesha lokusebenza akuthethi buhlungu resistors. Ukongezelela, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo le usambathisa iintambo. Phambi kokuba umlawuli ufuna ukukhangela zonke izinto oziqhagamsheleyo kuzaliseka. Emva kokuba unikezelo lwamandla kuyimfuneko ukuzama ukutshintsha njengokukhazimla ngokucinezela iqhosha.

ulawulo ukukhanya High

zokukhanya eliphezulu-ombane nokuvula umbane eziluzizi, njengokuba umthetho, ingafumaneka ezinkundleni. izibane ezingqengezelayo Kukho asetyenziswa enamandla kakhulu, yaye esi sixhobo kufuneka sibe nako ukumelana imithwalo enzima. Triacs ngenxa yale njongo, phezulu-ombane (ziphawulwe KU202) isicelo. transistors eguquguqukayo asetyenziswa, nangona kunjalo, iinguqulelo njengesiqhelo zawo Kwakhona.

Iibhulorho Diode soldered kufuphi thyristors kunye eziyimfuneko usulelo uphawu fast. ama Zener badla ingafunyanwa D814 esiphawuliweyo. Bona evenkileni lubiza kakhulu, kwaye oku kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. resistors eliguqukayo kwinkqubo ziyakwazi ukumelana umda lombane ohms 60. Ngeli xesha, isasetyenziswa eqhelekileyo ihlanganiswa ohms-5 kuphela.

Onobuhle resistors ngqo

Eziluzizi kunye resistors yale hlobo yenzelwe igunya zigqengezelayo avareji. ama Zener kulo mzekelo, i-V resistors eliguqukayo nabalawuli-12 zinqabile. ingasetyenziswa iinguqulelo kancinane njalo. Ukwandisa conductivity lomlingani kule meko kungenzeka ngokwandisa inani capacitors. Kuba triac ke kufuneka zibekwe ngababini. Kulo mzekelo, ilahleko ubushushu ziya kuba ncinci. inethiwekhi ukumelana okugwenxa kudla yingxaki enkulu. Omninzi ekugqibeleni kukhokelela Ukuqhekeka diode zener. capacitors Electrolytic nge-frequency yengxolo ukumelana ngempumelelo. Eyona nto iphambili kule - musa ukunika ombane elibukhali eziphakamileyo isibane.

I-Regulator yesekethe kunye resistors vysokomegaomnymi

ulawulo Ukugqama yale hlobo zingasetyenziswa ukulawula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kwanezibane. Scheme iquka vysokomegaomnye resistors AC, kwakunye zener oluqhelekileyo. Thyristor kule meko ibekwe ecaleni ekondensa. Ukunciphisa iingcali sokuquqa umda badla ukusebenzisa fuse uhlobo. Bakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo 4 A. Kule rhoqo isiphelo imveliso iya kuba ubuninzi 50 Hz. Triacs input injongo jikelele ombane unako ukumelana kwi 15 V.

Ijija kunye nabalawuli FET

Nezixhobo zokucima nokuvula umbane eziluzizi kwi FET esibonakala wokhuselo elungileyo. Elifutshane kwisiphaluka kwinkqubo kwenzeka kunqabile kakhulu, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo inzuzo. Ukongezelela koko, nceda uqaphele ukuba umlawuli Zener zingasetyenziswa kuphela KU202 zokumakisha. Kulo mzekelo, ayakwazi ukuba wokusebenza resistors njalo ukumelana ukuphazamiseka kakuhle. Triacs kwiisekethe esemva resistors. Le uxhathiso osisithintelo kwinkqubo linyanzelekile ukuba kugcinwa kwi ohms-4. Le ombane kule igalelo resistors ubambe nama-18 V. umda kwamaza, ke, kufuneka ingadluli 14 Hz.

Regulator ne trimmer

Eziluzizi nge trimmer capacitor ukuba ngempumelelo zisetyenziswa ukunyenyisa amandla izibane ezibengezelayo. Ijija kule meko kufuneka zibekwe emva kwebhulorho diode. ama Zener kwisekethe ezifunekayo uphazamiseko ingcinezelo. Resistors uhlobo variable ngokuqhelekileyo le ukuvimba umda kugcinwa ohms 6.

Xa oku thyristors zisetyenziswa kuphela ukuba bagcine ombane kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Triacs ngenxa ngokwayo ziyakwazi abapasa yangoku kwinqanaba 4 A. uhlobo fuse nabaqondisi zinqabile. Ingxaki abanezixhobo ezinjalo Unikezelo lombane ifunyanwa ngokusebenzisa resistor bume kwi imveliso.

Model nge triac elula

ukukhanya nokuvula umbane eziluzizi nge thyristor elula na izityalo njengezibonelo push iqhosha-. inkqubo yokhuseleko, njengoko umthetho, awusebenzi. Zonke ofowunelana nabo umlawuli zenziwe ngobhedu. Ubuninzi ukumelana thyristor zingenakukwazi ukumelana V. owongozelelweyo 10 Kuba izilawuli rotary zaneleyo evumelana. resistors ngqo kunye nabalawuli ezinjalo abakwazi ukusebenza. Oku kubangelwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu uxhathiso zingafanelekanga kwisekethe.

resistors High-frequency wabamisela kakhulu ezinqabileyo. Kulo mzekelo, umgangatho ingxolo iya kuba ezibalulekileyo kwaye kuya kukhokelela sindisa le diode zener. Ukuba sithethe izibane table njengesiqhelo, kungcono ukuba kusetyenziswe thyristor isibini aqhelekileyo kunye resistors ngocingo. Le Uhanjiso baba kwinqanaba lezikolo. Kunqabile ukuba shushu ngokugqithisileyo, amandla ukusasaza kwi umlinganiselo ngeenxa 2 watts.

Ukusetyenziswa capacitors eziguquguqukayo kwisekethe

Ngokusetyenziswa capacitors variable ziye zafumana utshintsho kakuhle nokukhanya izibane zigqengezelayo. Kulo mzekelo, imifuziselo electrolytic ukusebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Transistors kwezi capacitors ifanele watts 12 kakhulu. I ombane Igalelo kufuneka zigcinwe kwi 19 V. Kufuneka kwakhona ukunika ukusetyenziswa iifyuzi. Thyristors zisetyenziswa jikelele kunye KU202 lokumakishela. Bona afaneleka kakuhle iinguqulelo rotary. Ukwandisa potentiometers lomlingani conductivity azisetyenziswa nezixhobo zokucima nokuvula womnatha.

Le isilawuli device unijunction

Unijunction ukukhanya nokuvula umbane eziluzizi yaziwa olulula. Resistors kulo, njengoko umthetho, esetyenziswa yi Watts 4. Kulo mzekelo, i ombane iphezulu liyakwazi ukubambelela kwi-14 V. Xa usebenzisa oko, kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbula ukuba ngoxa ukukhanya ukuze yokudanyaza. Le iifyuzi ngamayelenqe zisetyenziswa kakhulu kunqabile.

At esiphezulu rated igalelo langoku ushiye 4 A. Thyristors KU202 uhlobo ekwaziyo nkqubo ukusebenza kuphela ukuba isibini kunye kwebhulorho diode. Icebo triac kufuneka adityaniswe ngaphezulu resistor. Ukuqhagamshela i nokuvula umbane eziluzizi ukuya isibane, kufuneka ukucoca bonke abafowunelwa. Izindlu kuba isixhobo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i Heating. Kulo mzekelo, ukhuseleko emsebenzini iya alunakuqinisekiswa.