Eyona engundoqo ezinomtsalane Antarctica

Antarctica - enye yeendawo ezininzi amazing Earth. Apho ebusuku ithatha iinyanga ezintandathu zonyaka, yasebusika - ezisithoba. Kuyinto kuphela ummandla yelo akukho mntu: akukho urhulumente, akukho ulawulo kunye namaziko oluntu - ukwenza nto, ngoko zisetyenziswa nezwe. Nje kwizikhululo zophando lwezenzululwazi. Oku iyodwa ixabisa ukundwendwela lwalunjani Antarctica.

Kodwa njengoko uhambo ukuya ekupheleni kwehlabathi kuya kuthatha ixesha, kwaye fun ayikho cheap, ezifikelelekayo kunokuba inani elincinane labantu. Noko ke, oko kukuthi akukho sizathu ukunciphisa ukwazi yakhe ukukhanyela ngokwakho ithuba lokuphicotha ezinomtsalane eziphambili Antarctica. Iifoto kunye namagama kunye neenkcazelo kuya kukunceda ukuba ucinge eli lizwe enomkhenkce ngokucace kakhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

indawo

Antarctica Greek bubonakala "indawo phambi kwe-Arctic." Le sise South Pole, yaye ligubungela ummandla phantse 2 amaxesha ngaphezulu kwe Australia, kunye namaxesha enye enesiqingatha ezinkulu kuno Europe. nesakhiwo sayo, ngaphandle kwilizwekazi Antarctica, iquka kusekho iziqithi ezininzi kwayijikeleza. Peter I, on. Anvers ngayo. Adelaide ngayo. Alexander, South Shetland Islands. Territory kwi nemisinga ogama emva abantu zembali noovulindlela: Robertson Land, Kemp loMhlaba, Princess Elizabeth loMhlaba, Land of uWilliam nabanye.

Phantse indawo iphela, yaye kuphela kwiindawo Antarctic ice-ethungelanayo emxinwa lonxweme kunye iziqithi, iincopho emikhulu iintaba transantarctic zifumaneka mahala ngumkhenkce. Kwezi ice waqukumbela 80% isitokhwe amanzi acocekileyo kuwo wonke umhlaba.

indawo isayensi

Ngowe-1820, uhambo Russian ikhokelwa ngu Bellingshausen and various wafumanisa Antarctica, yaye ukususela ngoko phantse amakhulu amabini eminyaka, izazinzulu ehlabathini jikelele ngokuqhubeka ufundisisa nezwe. Disemba 1, 1959 kwenziwa isivumelwano ityala, phantsi apho Antarctica ibonakaliswa ndawo kuphela yenzululwazi kwaye asisiso naliphi na ilizwe ethile. On nommandla wayo sisebenza US izazinzulu, eRashiya, China, eJapan, eJamani, Chile. Umdla inkulu ukufuna kwizibonelelo amandla amatsha, nto leyo maniphuphume kweli lizwe, ngokutsho abaphandi. Xa angaphakathi yayo iidipozithi osisityebi ioli, igesi, amalahle kunye namalahle, kwakunye amatye anqabileyo.

sezulu

Antarctica neze ukhululekile ukuba indawo yokuhlala - ehlotyeni iqondo lobushushu umoya ayikho ngaphezulu kwe-0, kwaye ebusika kwiinyanga angehla degrees -89. Yiyo loo nto loo labemi esisigxina apha.

Inani nabahlali abaphandi nemisinga isusela ukusuka 1,000 ebusika ku-4000 ehlotyeni. Kodwa rhoqo kukho abakhenkethi, befuna ukubona lwalunjani Antarctica. Season kutyelela uvula ngoNovemba uze uphele ngoMatshi - ngenyanga xa iqala ihlobo phezu nezwe.

Ubukumkani omkhenkce obungunaphakade

Yintoni etsalela abantu ehlabathini jikelele kule, ingqele, Umda senkangala eNtaba? Okokuqala, kuyinto umoya okhethekileyo kakhulu: abahlali angaqhelekanga enabantu abaninzi umhlaba cwaka, ebona ubuhle elingu-Northern Lights, kwazo magingxigingxi yaye kakhulu nezilwanyana ezizodwa. Indawo kuphela Earth apho abantu ungaya ngqo cosmic yamandla - Antarctica.

Okubonwayo ezifundisa apha ukundwendwela abakhenkethi esebenzayo ngakumbi, kuyenzeka ukuba wenze enyuka intaba, sasiqubha, amaphenyane (yaselwandle kunye nofundo lokuba enhla izikhephe - kayaks), Ukuskiya, kwanokuzula, yaye kunokwenzeka. Kukho ukhenketho ezikhethekileyo photo, uyakwazi kuzisa inani enkulu iifoto ezingalibalekiyo kuzo. Kakade ke, ukuba ufuna ukuhlola ezinomtsalane Antarctica, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule ngawo imali eninzi. A uhambo ukuya kwiintsuku 13-18 liya kukudla malini ubuncinane 10 amawaka eerandi.

abakhenkethi abaninzi eze apha okanye imikhumbi iza Abatyekayo kunxweme eMzantsi Afrika, New Zealand, Argentina kunye Australia, okanye ngenqwelo-moya evela eMzantsi Afrika kunye Chile.

Kwihlabathi yoonombombiya kunye neengonyama ulwandle

South Shetland Islands - idla ngokuba yinto yokuqala elibonelela iindwendwe yayo Antarctica. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo kule ndawo ngokoqobo ndijonge. Ziqulethe eziphantse 11 ezinkulu ezininzi ezincinane. Le nxalenye ezifudumeleyo kufumile belizwekazi. Nantsi jikelele silwane zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Angenzi emhlabeni kunye oonombombiya ngeyona undilisekile, yezimvu, abatyebe iingonyama ulwandle afumaneka kuyo yonke indawo. Kodwa umdla omkhulu inkohliso Island (iguqulelwe ngeendlela Russian "Isiqithi of Inkohliso"). Lo mlilo, nto leyo yakhokelela kuqhambuko baseka isangqa esikhulu elivaliweyo.

Phakathi nentlabathi mlilo Unga ukuthatha ayithi nkxu imithombo yamanzi ashushu thermal. Abo banomdla nayo undwendwele enye izitishi zophando, umsebenzi wakhe unikezelwa ekufundeni penguins.

Entlango ice

Uya kumangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba loo ndawo lawona emhlabeni into efihlakeleyo phakathi amanzi zibambene. McMurdo Dry izihlambo wayesazi imvula izigidi ezininzi zeminyaka. Ilizwe kukhululwa ice ikepusi, ugubungela smorzshiysya kwisanti Stone State. speed umoya nokulatyuza apha unako ukufikelela 320 km ngeyure. Iimeko ezihlanjeni ezintathu - Victoria, Wright kunye Taylor - kufutshane kangangoko kule meko Mars ukuba oosomajukujuku usebenzise ukulungiselela ukubhabha. Kwelinye amachibi lwegciwane abangaziwayo elibhaqiweyo, emva koko abaphandi bakwazi okokuqala kwi affirmative impendulo yalo mbuzo: "Ngaba bukho ubomi on Mars?".

Iintili ezomileyo ziqukiwe kwindawo yokuqala kuluhlu, ebandakanya Antarctica ezinika. Iifoto kunye neenkcazelo kwezi ndawo uya kufumana na isikhokelo self-ngokuphathelele ukuya diving kuba amachibi ise emdeni wayo - oku oyinto kwabo bathanda ukuvavanya ihlabathi kwamanzi. Noko ke, ukuze phantsi umaleko lomkhenkce ayikho simple kunjalo, ekubeni ubukhulu yalo malunga neemitha ezi-3. iefa abanamava kufuneka ukusebenzisa iziqhushumbisi phambi diving ehlabathini engakholelekiyo enezityalo nezilwanyana.

izinto okuyimfihlakalo Antarctica: Blood Falls

Ngomhla kummandla owomileyo iintili yenye imibombo zibangel '- Blood Falls. Ukuba nomfanekiso wakho sele wazoba umfanekiso ebandayo ngomoya Edgar Allan Poe, okanye wenza ucinga malunga nebali yamandulo kunye ukuhlamba egazini wamaxhoba imimoya yamandulo, ngoko, njengesiqhelo kwenzeka ubunyani, inyaniso kakhulu ngakumbi prosaic, kodwa akukho umdla ngaphantsi. Nangona mbono okunene kakhulu ezoyikisayo.

Ukuba ugqiba ukuba bahlole lwalunjani Antarctica, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo ubone Blood Falls. Baye bafumanisa ngowe-1911 ngu Griffith Taylor, kukho uphando Australian. Wayekholelwa ukuba obomvu umbala amanzi eqhotyoshelwe ulwelwe, sise emazantsi. Noko ke, uphando phambili aye abonisa ukuba yonke into kwi magciwane eziphila idike. Xa ubunzulu iimitha ezingama-400, abunaluthando izondlo yesiqhelo kunye ilanga, baye naphaya ukuze yonke into kufuneka aphume sulfites yenu, zona izityebi ngamanzi anetyuwa. Sulfite - na intsimbi, apho wadibana mpilo oxidized, enika amanzi umbala ngekopi. Lo ngumzekelo kakhulu ukuba izinto eziphilayo abakwaziyo ukuziqhelanisa ukukhula kwiimeko ezinzima.

Umlondolozi of the South Pole

kusoloko kukho imimangaliso ityhila lwalunjani Antarctica! Iifoto kunye namagama eziphambili ufumana kwizinto ezininzi kwezibonelelo malinikelwe kulo mhlaba icebound. Qiniseka ukukhangela enye yezona twisisaka - Erebus mlilo. Ukubunjwa daka okuphuma eyahluke kakhulu ukusuka iqhuma kwezinye mlilo, ibekwe kwi nezwe. Lo mahluko kuphela. Eneneni, awuqhelekanga zonke. Okokuqala, Erebus akazange olalayo. mlilo abaninzi ihlala kumakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba atshize kuphuma ezibilini zakhe abilayo mlilo ngexesha Erebus lihlala esebenzayo. Okwesibini, uye yimingxuma ezimbini - enye ngaphakathi enye. Lobushushu ise kurhulumente Ukupholisa lolu daka, ifumaneka kwi zinzulu apho kufika kumgomo 900 Celsius.

abathandi zohambo yaye abo banomdla imimangaliso yendalo bazakuyivuyela ezinomtsalane Antarctica. Inkcazelo emfutshane enikwe kweli nqaku kungabangela kuphela ukwazi bayiqhube uhambo ndiphambene le ekupheleni nemixawuka nomtsalane. Igama yezwe ngaphandle kwesizathu nenkcubeko bangafi Atlantis - apha yonke into ihlelwe kakuhle sifana nenxalenye Umhlaba wethu. Yena izele iimfihlelo kunye zimfihlo indalo ngesisa saa kuqweqwe yayo enomkhenkce kunye ukholosile esemajukujukwini ngaphantsi.