ERashiya iqalise irhafu umgquba

"Uya kuba kunye irhafu umgquba ngoSeptemba 1 eRashiya", "mthetho", "Bathi Uphambene." Ezi kunye nezinye namabinzana ezininzi uyakwazi enizivayo nenizibonileyo isithuba enkulu ulwazi. Eliphikisayo iye yaqala esidlangalaleni ukuba yenyuse iindaba phakathi kwabavoti, amajelo Ukrainian baqhutyelwa kugculela ukuba sibe werhafu umgquba.

amadoda abaninzi abazange bakholwe kubo, besele sitshilo ukuba olu lwazi kwangaphambili-konyulo Akunakuba disinformation ukuze ufumane iivoti ezongeziweyo. Siye wazama ukuqonda ingxaki ngokungaqhutywa luluvo. Thina ebiqaliswe irhafu umgquba eRashiya? Ngaba nokuba ezintsha efana bengalindelwanga oosomashishini? Malunga konke oku ukuze.

Irhafu umgquba - Ngaba Ngokwenene?

Xa ezinye izibonelelo kukho othi "Umthetho" zomgquba, "ukuba ibhekisela ngoku kakuhle-eyaziwa kwilizwe lethu, uMthetho Federal" kwimveliso kunye oQhelekileyo oSetyenziswa lweNkunkuma ", yamkelwa ngo-2014. Emva koko, siza basenokuthi uMthetho.

Yinto nkqu kuye, yaye izilungiso ezikuyo, leyo kulinganiswa ukusukuka izilwanyana kunye umgquba yenkuku inkunkuma mveliso 3rd kunye neklasi 4 ingozi. Kuthetha ukuthini? Yaye isibakala sokuba eli umgquba ngoku uthathwa ukuba ingeyongozi kakhulu ngengqiqo yokuba kanye akayi buhlungu, kodwa kukhuselekile lula usilahle iitoni esitratweni.

Enyanisweni, ayikho into ebizwa ngokuba "irhafu umgquba" eRashiya. Yaqalisa imisebenzi mvume, yaye yahlukile nje kancinane. Kodwa siza kuthetha ngakumbi kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Bonke ububi emhlabeni ngo neenjongo ezintle

Abawisi-mthetho kunye nabaphathiswa amanani okumangalisayo. Njengo, izigidi eetoni ukusukuka kwiifama kakubi indalo yethu. ziihagu wondla abenzi yemichiza 'ityhefu' ukuba uyadlula "inkunkuma enobungozi" emhlabeni, ngaloo ndlela angayihlambeli. Asazi ukuba njani na abantu, kodwa thina sibe imibuzo embalwa:

1. Ukuba bemithetho baxhalabele emhlabeni yaye musa ukuvumela imichiza umgquba, ngoko kutheni zivumelekile yokondla izilwanyana le "ityhefu"? Kutheni kwi kwiivenkile ke inyama neentaka, wafaka ngamachiza? Loo nto ukondla abantu "zemichiza izidumbu" ayikwazi usidilize inkunkuma emva kwabo ngaphandle unyango ekhethekileyo yingozi?
2. Kutheni License? Ngoko ke, ukukhusela okusingqongileyo, kunyanzelekile ukuba ufumane iqelana amaxwebhu zibhuqe? Kutheni ukudala amaziko karhulumente ukuba zokulahla inkunkuma njengenxenye yenkxaso kwezolimo?
3. Kutheni phambi lwengxaki yaye intsilelo mali kule minyaka bekusoloko njengesichumisi umgquba, kwaye ngoku i "inkunkuma enobungozi" ngequbuliso? Kwaye ke umthamo kwemveliso kwezolimo, nangexesha elifanayo eSoviet ebengaphezulu kakhulu ngoku. Kakade ke, kwakungekho chemistry. Kodwa kutheni ke ukuhlola ezahlukeneyo Rospotrebnadzor, oogqirha bezilwanyana kunye nabanye.? Kutheni muck bonke abenzi 'ubungakanani enye ingena zonke "kuthiwa inkunkuma eyingozi?

Imali ukunuka

Iingcali ezininzi kwisigqibo - ". imali ayengenalo nevumba" A irhafu imveliso zomgquba ezifunekayo yokumpompela imali noosomashishini. Into yokuba iinkampani iimpahla imfuno ephakamileyo ezithengisa ubulongwe njengoko organic izichumiso. Ingakumbi wamatye baziswa Central Russia. Oku isebe lonke uqoqosho. Uninzi lwabarhwebi ezincinane ngamnye kule live. Ukongeza, yemfuyo kokuba yenze imali engakumbi. Ukongeza ubisi kunye nenyama, abalimi abaninzi izama athengise umgquba ngakumbi. Kuyabonakala ukuba, kuye kwagqitywa ukuba bayeke urhulumente wethu nokunyanzelisa iirhafu ezongezelelweyo.

Ingxaki kukhona phezulu siyathandaza?

Kodwa ayitsho ukuba umthetho wawa emsi. Wabalelwa ngoDisemba 2014. Bekucingelwa ukuba irhafu umgquba eRashiya (ilayisenisi kufuneka ifunyanwe ngamashishini apho ihambo imisebenzi enxulumene) ziya kuvela kunye kaJanuwari 1, 2016. Kodwa abavelisi ngeli xesha kulungiselelwa iimfuno ezintsha, wazizalisa ileta MNRE echaza.

Crazy?

Abezopolitiko ezininzi iinkokeli zengingqi alubonwanga umthetho anti-wesizwe. Ke thina siya kungena iingxoxo ngalo mbandela. Kwanele ukuba ndithi njengokuba ka-Julayi 1, imeko akubi ngcono mvume. UMZEKELO Tatarstan kukhombisa. Iifama 800 mvume zange kuyamkela. Ukusuka Naberezhnye Chelny, inkampani enye yafaka isicelo, kodwa walelwa ngenxa package zaneleyo yamaxwebhu.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni nge Uqongqothwane omnye?

Kodwa ebizwa njalo-rhafu umgquba kwi Russian Federation akusayi kuchaphazela ukulima labucala. Alikafiki. Oko kuya kuba ngomso, uThixo uyazi. Irhafu kwi emoyeni tube, umoya, akazange ibonakala isaqhwithi ngaphandle kombuso liphupha. Ke kaloku kwathi ugogo, ngubani omnye kuphela okanye ezimbini ladybugs xa iziza oluncedisayo yobuqu, ukulala ngoxolo. Akukho rhafu umgquba ukuba akukho ezisengozini. Mvume kuyimfuneko kuphela amaqumrhu asemthethweni.

ixabiso udaba

Ingxaki kukuba, ngokutsho iingcali, uya kuthabatha isixa onocwangco abavelisi. Ukususela 100 amawaka. Ukuya ku-1.5 million engange. - ngabavelisi ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma kunye ukusuka 400 lamawaka 20 mln .. - ezinkulu, nto leyo eya alahle umgquba.

Yintoni ekufuneka le mali?

Kakade ke, urhwaphilizo into kwi izibalo uyilandela ayikho. Kodwa kunokuba, isixa ukutshintshatshintsha phakathi iingcali ukusuka 100 ukuya 400 lamawaka. Engange, icebisa. Amashishini amakhulu, lufikelela 20 ezigidi. Kodwa kutheni kufuneka imali? Phendula - ukuphumeza iimfuno zoMthetho uya kufuna imali ebonakalayo:

• Training. Ngoku zonke uvimba kule lali, nto leyo uthwele umgquba kufuneka ukuthatha izifundo ngenjongo yokwamkelwa nokuphathwa inkunkuma enobungozi. Abanye abasebenzi machine, Kakade ke, oku bamangaliswa kakhulu. Njengokuba, lonke ubomi zathathwa, kwaye ngoku eli lishishini yingozi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi khosi ziya kuhlawulwa. Umzekelo, kwingingqi Belgorod ukuba kummandla 6-10 amawaka. Thambisani. Kodwa yimalini ixabiso iya kuba kwezinye kwimimandla kangakanani ixesha aya kunikwa amaxwebhu ayaziwa.
• izixhobo zokuhamba. Umthetho ubonelela abasebenzi abathile neenkonkxa.
• iziphumo Sanitary-Epidemiological kulwakhiwo ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa (disposal) inkunkuma.

Ngoku cattleman - umsebenzi eyingozi?

Onke amafama baqalisa ukuba sifunxe zonke iintlobo zesebe oonobumba.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko? yokugcina ngumgquba kweenyanga ngaphezu kwama-11 kangako phantsi kwelayisenisi, ngaphandle apho kukho isohlwayo. Ukongezelela, ngokutsho komthetho, naziphi izithuthi nabo bawe phantsi kwawo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba inkampani indawo yokugcina yethutyana kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka efama, buye ilungelo lokwala ukuthutha iihagu ngaphandle kwemvume okhethekileyo.

UMthetho mayicaciswe gca "ubhaliso ilayisenisi ukuqokelelwa, ukuthuthwa, ukusetyenzwa, ukuhlaziya, ukulahlwa kunye nokulahlwa neeklasi inkunkuma I-IV." Oku kuthetha ukuba ngumntu osebenza isondlo efama kunye iihagu kwaye kufuneka bangenele inkqubo uqeqesho ukusebenza imveliso eyingozi. Ngapha koko, uya kuqokelela ukusukuka iinkomo okanye iihagu. Kwaye ke kubhaliwe emyalelweni: "Collection".

umqhubi itektala ke unelungelo lokuba bayithwale ukusa kwinqanaba apho kuya kufika zomqhubi okhethekileyo, ukuba inkampani akukho mvume, kwaye umqeshwa - mvume.

Zonke ezi zenzo enyanisweni mthethweni yaye ngokuxhomekeke bahlawuliswe. Ke inani umxhelo. Ukususela engange-10 ukuya ku-30 amawaka Teh igosa, ukusuka 100 ukuya 250 lamawaka - .. Ukuze zomthetho. Njani uya kusabela inkonzo lokuhlolwa akucaci okwangoku.

Thaca Umgquba - I got iphepha?

Ukuba abalimi uthengise ngesiquphe (kwaye wanika, ngokomthetho) umgquba komnye umntu, kuba oko kunokukhokelela nobutyala. Oku kuthetha ukuba ishishini mthethweni (Art. 171 we-Code Criminal). Lo Mthetho uthi ukuba iphepha-mvume kufuneka, "ukuphunyezwa elisemthethweni iqumrhu ... umgquba, inkunkuma kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo nezinto amaqela esithathu ngemvumelwano (kubandakanywa isibonelelo) basis."

Isiphelo: nokuba transfer ukulwa umanyolo kufuneka mvume. Ukuqaphela A ngaphandle kwemvume - eli shishini mthethweni. LoMthetho ibonwa ngokucacileyo, ukuba ngu "ukuphunyezwa" kwaye ufumana "ngaphandle kwentlawulo."

Ngubani na obange noko ukwenza ntoni?

Kwakhona imibuzo zethu ezimbini. Ngubani na ukuba ityala? Kakade ke, sonke abemi beli lizwe. amasekela zethu musa ukufika iMars. We ubakhetha elunyulweni. Kodwa yintoni ukwenza ntoni? Kukho iinketho ezininzi:

1. Hlanganisa ngusomashishini eziliqela encinane ibe 'Ukubambelela "single-mvume yayo.
2. Ukuba bagqibe ngesivumelwano esisodwa kunye nomsebenzisi, ngalo. Baya iwise irhafu umgquba. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukowuphi umzekelo apho uwela phantsi udidi "intlawulo lokusingqongileyo". imali yayo ixhomekeke kwiindleko umqhubi ethile yaye akukho azilawulwa. Oko kukuthi, ukuba umlimi ibiya kuthi amawaka 5. Engange ngetoni nganye, kunye nezinye iinkampani ukuba abe nephepha-mvume, hayi, kufuneka uhlawule kangangoko ukutsho. Iintlawulo ziya kuba imali eninzi kakhulu. Ngoku umbuzo umdla. Ixabiso odla lokugqibela kulo mzekelo kukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa?
3. Ukubeka phantsi loo imela yonke imfuyo Onokuyivakalisa inkampani yimali. Ekubeni irhafu umgquba eRashiya uya kubatshabalalisa amashishini ezininzi ebekiwe ezolimo.
4. Musa babe mvume esaphula umthetho. Malunga neziphumo sesitshilo ngasentla.

Irhafu umgquba eRashiya: indlela yokufumana mvume

Le mvume phezu umgquba apho. Kujongwe ukuba inkunkuma enobungozi.

Ke masithi ukuba phambi kokuba uqale ukubaleka umqokozo umyalelo kunye nee-arhente (kwaye oku asingomsebenzi olula), kufuneka ulungiselele isiseko zeteknoloji:

• Lungisa i ngokukodwa izixhobo ze banikwe nezithuthi iimpawu ezikhethekileyo.
• Lungisa kwaye zibandakanya lokulahla inkunkuma kwirejista karhulumente bezinto ezinjalo. Kwaye oku konke kunxuluman iimvavanyo kunokwenzeka lobume, uhlolo ka-SES, Ministry of Resources Natural, njalo-njalo. Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho umsebenzi olula. Lo mba imali eninzi kakhulu. Kufuneka kuphela ukuba sigcine umgquba kwiinyanga ezili-12 kwindawo baxhotyiswa imigangatho okuqinileyo.
• Fumana kukho isiqinisekiso ngenjongo yokwamkelwa nokuphathwa inkunkuma enobungozi.

Ukongezelela koko, emva kokufumana mvume kuyimfuneko ukugcina irekhodi komgquba yokuziphatha iliso kokusingqongileyo, yokuphatha iindlela ezizodwa yokugcina imali elithile (ngamalongwe inkomo, umzekelo, iinyanga ezili-12) kunye nangaphezulu.