ECU: yintoni na apho?

Kweli nqaku uza kufunda malunga isixhobo ezifana nekhompyutha. Ntoni na kwaye yintoni injongo oko kuyimfuneko ukuze imoto? Ngoku ke sizama ukuba ilunge. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zaphuma iimoto yemveliso, apho elekhtrons lwenziwa usebenzisa isiBeki thina. Namhlanje bonke oomatshini baxhotyiswa iinkqubo inaliti unyanzelekile. Umsebenzi wabo kulula kakhulu, kodwa ke yindlela yokuphumelela enkulu. Ngokukodwa, ukuba woluvo omnye kwiwebhsayithi, i-injini uqala ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo.

njani iyunithi yolawulo?

Esi sixhobo ukwabizwa ngokuba "ingqondo". Kwaye yinyaniso, le bhokisi elimnyama "okucinga" njengoko injini ukusebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Athwala zonke amashumi ulawulo motor parameters yesibini ikhetha ipesenti ngokupheleleyo emoyeni ngomxube ne yepetroli. Ivula avale umlomo ngendlela ngexesha, nto leyo uvelisa amafutha ezinikwe kwigumbi yokutsha. Kungenakwenzeka ukuba umntu acinge ngokukhawuleza njengoko iyunithi yolawulo. Ixhume kuyo, abenzi boluvo nje kuphela kodwa actuators. Umzekelo, nemilomo enye, kwakunye nolawulo iduma kunye nabanye. Ukuba sihlole ngakumbi umgaqo msebenzi, kuya kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele kuyilo device. Kodwa umgaqo kwisekethe ECU kuboniswa kweli nqaku.

device yangaphakathi computer

Oku kusekelwe phezu microcontroller. It has igalelo kunye neziphumo amazibuko kuyo uxhulumaniso lusenziwa zonke actuators kwaye utsale abenzi. Phakathi yokugqibela, kufuneka ukhankanye lowo esilinganisa umoya kwemali. On umzekelo yayo iya kuxoxwa yindlela ubonelelo lwemiqondiso kwicandelo control elektroniki. Bonke abenzi uqhagamshele input kumazibuko okanye ngendlela ekhethekileyo Izahluli ombane, okanye yokukhulisa efanayo kwi OS. Lo msindo izigaba phezu iitshiphusi okanye FET. Ngoncedo lwabo konyuso ixesha.Ngalo igalelo kumgangatho evela woluvo. Kodwa O emazibukweni eyimfuneko yolawulo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ECU pinout ngeemoto ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba asebenzise ubuchopho i "Chevrolet" kwi "Lada" akunakwenzeka ukuba kuphumelela ngaphandle kwakhona ebalulekileyo. Umzekelo, nemilomo ezidibene kubo. Kodwa hayi yonke kunjalo elula, nezibuko microcontroller imveliso uyakwazi ukulawula umthwalo buthathaka kuphela. Ngamanye amazwi, le lale injector nalo kuqhagamshelwa ngokuthe ngqo. Ngoko ke, indibano FET ekhethekileyo phakathi kwabo. Amvumela ukuba ukuphucula amaxesha amaninzi uphawu ukusuka esisebenza. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba iindibano Darlington.

i algorithm

Kodwa akukho yingxenye eyodwa ayikwazi ukusebenza microcontroller - ngaphandle algorithm. Ngokweliso kokuba angamelwa njenge umthi kunye ezininzi iinketho. It imith- i "imiba" ekufuneka uphendulwe ubuchopho elektroniki. Umzekelo, ukuba nezihlandlo ukujikeleza crankshaft inxeba 2000 r / min nengqwalaselo oxygen iphantsi kakhulu, ukuhamba umoya rate ukunyuka. Yintoni eyenza injini kwityala enjalo? Microcontroller kweso iphendula yonke le mibuzo, eshwankathela algorithm ukusombulula le ngxaki. Kwaye ngoko ke flow uvelisa la kwi kumazibuko imveliso, kwaze oko kwakhokelela injini kurhulumente yesiqhelo. Oku asiyonto ngaphandle firmware ECU.

Apho ukuba Faka i ECU?

Oku ifakiwe zonke izithuthi inaliti. Ngayo, ukuhlalutywa ukuqokelela yonke ingcaciso evela nabenzi boluvo ebekwe kwi- injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi. Ngelishwa, ngamanye amaxesha iyunithi yolawulo electronic lutshitshe. Ngoko ke, kufuneka zitshintshwe. Phambi kokwenza ulungiso ezinxulumene nokususwa kweyunithi electronic, kuya kufuneka ukhuphe amandla igridi yonke isithuthi. Kuba oku ukhuphe ibhetri terminal ezimbi. Oku kuya kuthintela iziphaluka ezimfutshane ngengozi kwisekethe yombane. Qaphela ukuba nokuba eyeyomzuzwana short circuit ngokulula ukubangela imveliso evela ubume components ezithile, ingakumbi semiconductors kwiyunithi yolawulo, kunye iifyuzi. Qaphela ukuba, apho ECU. Kwi imoto yokuqala "Lada Kalina", umzekelo, ukuba ibekwe ngqo phantsi isitovu radiator. Kwaye xa iyunithi yolawulo ukuvuza nangoko ziphele.

Ukususwa yeyunithi yolawulo electronic

Xa sithatha umzekelo imoto 2107, i-ECU oko (oko kukuthi, sele ukwazi) ifumaneka phantsi kwideshbhodi, kummandla footwell umkhweli lowo. Ukwenza kube lula ngakumbi ukuba ukuncothula isixhobo, kuya kufuneka ukususa aphezulu, apho ngqo phantsi gumbi isikhuseli. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukhulule ngezikhonkwane, ukuba kukhuselwe kwi parprizu. Ukubonelela ngokwazi ukufikelela kuzo kwicandelo ulawulo ngekhompyutha, kuyimfuneko ukuba ibattery esi sigaba, ngomhla apho iifyuzi, baphinde, nokuqhuba ngalo hardware. Ngoku uyakwazi ukucima indlela ibloko electronic zonke iingcingo. Fixed umzimba ngokusebenzisa ngezikhonkwane ezimbini ukuya umzimba isithuthi. Xa uncedo isitshixo "10", ukhulule nut ukususa ngokupheleleyo iyunithi yolawulo. Yiloo nto, iyunithi yolawulo injini isusiwe ngokupheleleyo, kube ulungele ukuba ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa. Ukufakelwa kwesixhobo esitsha kwenziwa ukuze reverse.

abenzi isifo

Khawucinge ngomzekelo yasekhaya Vaz, leyo yinto ebalulekileyo DMRV akhawunti zonke iimpawu ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba isitofu eyiyo isibaso. Njengoko usazi, yonke idatha ezifunyenwe kule fowuni kuchaphazela ukusebenza yonke injini. Kakhulu ECU firmware, okanye kunoko, ikhadi amafutha, apho parameters ezininzi ezibalulekileyo wabeka. Ngokukodwa, isixa umoya amafutha ebebunikwe loo ithambeka ngenxa carburetion, isantya injini kunye nomthwalo injini. Ngaphambi kokuba enze replacement kule fowuni, kuyimfuneko ukuba babambe uxilongo ezincinane. Ukuhlola kokuqala kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa multimeter oluqhelekileyo. Nalo kufuneka khangela ixabiso ombane i nokubanjwa iiterminal woluvo.

Ukuze wenze oku, yisuse iplagi kwi kwiplagi. Multimeter lubekwe kwindawo apho neSingqinisiso ombane luyenziwa. phambili okugwenxa liqhagamshelene ubunzima lwangaphakathi omlilo injini. Kunye neSingqinisiso ucinezelo ombane lwenziwa kwi ekurhoxisweni wesihlanu kwiplagi ukuya woluvo. amanqaku Ireferensi kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo ixabiso malunga 12 volts. Ukuba kukho ukutenxa eyomeleleyo, ngoko kukho ukungasebenzi le ECU injini okanye iingcingo ophuke woluvo. Kobungakanani yesine kufuneka ube malunga 5 volts. Ukuba kukho ukutenxa ebalulekileyo ukusuka eli xabiso, isizathu soku kwakhona kukwaphula iintambo okanye nokuba usendleleni kwiyunithi yolawulo.

Ukuthathwa womenzi woluvo flow air - umsebenzi ozinzileyo ye-injini kunye nekhompyutha

Ngoku uyazi ngeekhompyutha. Yintoni na, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yintoni injongo. Lifikile ixesha lokuba singathetha kancinci malunga isixhobo sokulinganisa, nto leyo echaphazela umsebenzi wayo elungile. Tshintsha woluvo nto ibonakala ngcono. Ukuze wenze oku, usebenzisa Phillips screwdriver, azikhulule eligaqa, encamathele umlomo. sleeve nokudubula koko, oluqhutywa umoya iplagi. Emva koko ukusonta "10" kuyimfuneko ukususa izikrufu ezimbini entabeni wenza isivamvo MAF ngqo emoyeni lokucoca ulwelo. Emva koko, lo woluvo zisuswe ngokupheleleyo. Ukufakela kwiyunithi ukuze reverse. Xa ususa i woluvo okuhlala, musa ukuzama ukusebenza ngexesha ahlambe, ukuza akazukuyibamba ngezandla zakho okanye ezinye izinto. Oku wavumela wokutshiza kuphela isitshizi phezu komhlaba wire platinum.

isiphelo

Uyazi kancinci ngeekhompyutha. Yintoni na loo nto, ngokuqinisekileyo kakuhle. Ngayiphi injongo kufuneka imoto - kakhulu. Zama ukujonga imeko kuphela unit elektroniki, kodwa abenzi boluvo kunye actuators. Kufuneka ukuba ibe kwimeko egqibeleleyo, ukuba kwakungekho iingxaki.