Carbon ifayibha: Properties, photo, ukuqokelelwa, sebenzisa

amashishini Advanced kunye nokwakhiwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje sowukuchana eninzi zobugcisa ngokwesiseko entsha, uninzi lwazo ezinxulumene nezinto ezintsha. Umsebenzisi kuqhelekileyo ubone ukuvela yale nkqubo kulo mzekelo ukwakha izinto kuqukwa zisasilela. Kwakhona owaziswa izinto izithuthi carboxylic ukuba ukwandisa intsebenzo iimoto ezemidlalo. Kwaye le nto yonke imiyalelo apho zisasilela carbon zisetyenziswa. Sisiseko eli candelo le carbon, ifoto okuchazwe kamva. Eneneni, xa neempawu nanto zobugcisa nangokwasemzimbeni kwaye oko nokusasazwa eyodwa esebenzayo besizukulwana esitsha zisasilela.

technology production

Kuba ukuvelisa izinto ekrwada esetyenziswa ikhemikali okanye imicu yendalo organic. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokuba unyango olukhethekileyo, kuphela athom carbon kuhlala ukusuka preform yokuqala. Umkhosi iphambili impembelelo yi obushushu. Le nkqubo zeteknoloji kubandakanya ukulandelwa amanyathelo ezininzi unyango ubushushu. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala ubume oyinhloko oxidized kwi imiqathango lobushushu ukuya ku 250 ° C. In inyathelo elilandelayo ukulungiselela carbon kwinkqubo carbonization ingeniso, ngenxa apho umbandela itshiswe ngokusondele kwi-bume nitrogen kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ukuya ku 1500 ° C. Ngaloo isakhiwo grafayithi-like yenziwe. Oku kugqiba inkqubo yokuvelisa lonke processing sokugqibela ngohlobo graphitization-3000 ° C. Kweli nqanaba isiqulatho carbon nimsulwa imicu kutsho kuma-99%.

Apho kusetyenziswa carbon ifayibha?

Kwiminyaka yokuqala popularization izinto ezisetyenziswayo kuphela kwiindawo kakhulu ezizodwa, namhlanje kukho ukwanda kwemveliso, nto leyo iyasebenza khimvolokno elinikiweyo. Le nto bhetyebhetye yaye owahlukeneyo ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba isicelo Imisonto ezinjalo ziya ukwandisa, kodwa namhlanje wathabatha iintlobo ezisisiseko ukuma ntetho okukulo emarikeni. Ngokukodwa, siphawula ishishini lokwakha, amayeza, ukuvelisa elektroniki, zombane ekhaya njalo njalo. D. Ngokuphathelele kwiindawo ezizodwa, ukusetyenziswa carbon ifayibha isabalulekile kubavelisi moya, electrode zonyango kunye nezinto aphezulu.

production abumba

Ngokuyintloko, le ubushushu-resistant eyolukiweyo, phakathi apho ngemisonto ngelaphu, amalaphu ezinithiweyo, felts kunye ezifana. D. trend Okuninzi obuchwepheshe ukuvelisa zisasilela. Mhlawumbi oku ingxenye kakhulu esibanzi, nto leyo imelwe ifayibha carbon njengoko imveliso isiseko wemveliso mass. Ngokukodwa, ezi iibheringi, amacandelo ubushushu-ukumelana, iindawo nezinto ezahlukeneyo abasebenza kwiindawo ndlongondlongo. Zisasilela ikakhulu kunjalo swi kwimarike izithuthi,, kwaye indawo yokwakha kakhulu ukulungele ukuqwalasela izicelo ezintsha ukusuka abenzi ifayibha chemical.

iimpawu ezibonakalayo

Ezi nkcukacha ze netheknoloji umbandela ushiye uphawu yayo kwintsebenzo imicu. Ngenxa yoko, ukumelana eliphezulu thermal iye yaba luphawu enkulu olwahlula ngesakhiwo amanqaku ezinjalo. Kwakhona iimpembelelo thermal, izinto iyamelana kwemichiza kunye bume entsimbini. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba inkqubo igcwala ngexesha ubilisa oxygen langoku, ziyichaphazela imicu. Kodwa ke amandla yokugaya ifayibha carbon ungakhuphisana ngezinto ezininzi emveli, zithathwa ukuba ziqinile kwaye zimelane umonakalo. Olu phawu ngokukodwa awasiwisayo kwimveliso carboxylic. Enye ipropati zifunwa phakathi iinjineli iimveliso ezahlukeneyo kukuba nako ukufunxeka. Ngenxa kumphezulu esebenzayo kule ifayibha nga kuthathwa inkqubo iza ngempumelelo.

abenzi

ingxenye esiPhakathi iinkampani yaseMelika, Japanese kunye nesiJamani. ubuchwepheshe Russian kule ndawo phantse nga ngcembe ezidlulileyo kwiminyaka embalwa kwaye nangoku ezisekelwe kuphuhliso amaxesha Soviet. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, isiqingatha imicu eziveliswa ehlabathini okwabangela ukuba iinkampani Japanese Mitsubishi, Kureha, Teijin, kunye nabanye. Enye ingxenye yahlulwe phakathi baseJamani naseMelika. Ngoko ke, i-US na inkampani Cytec, kwaye eJamani, uvelisa carbon inkampani ifayibha SGL. Hayi kudala kuluhlu enesihlwitha lo mkhuba kanye yaba inkampani eTaiwan Formosa Plastics. Ngokuphathelele kwimveliso yasekhaya, uphuhliso zisasilela inxaxheba iinkampani ezimbini kuphela - "Argon" yaye "ifayibha Man-eyenziwe". Ngelo xesha impumelelo ebalulekileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje baye noosomashishini Belarusian kwaye Ukrainian, ukuphuhlisa crespo entsha ukusetyenziswa yorhwebo carbon ifayibha iiplastiki lwesamente.

carbon Future

Ngenxa ezinye iintlobo carbon ifayibha iiplastiki ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo kuya kuvumela ukuvelisa iimveliso onokusindisa isakhiwo yokuqala ezigidi zeminyaka, iingcali ezininzi ukuqikelela neCAPS ezi mveliso. Ngaphandle koku, iinkampani abanomdla kuqhubeka ekhokela uhlanga nokuphuculwa zobugcisa. Nangeendlela ezininzi oku lilungisa, kuba iimpawu carbon kwi umyalelo sezingeni eliphezulu kunaleyo ngezixhobo zemveli ezikumgangatho. Kwanele ukuba ukukhumbula luvukelo amandla kunye nobushushu. Ngokusekelwe kwezi eziluncedo, abaphuhlisi kunye nezalathiso ezintsha inkosi yophuhliso. Ukuqaliswa umbandela kusenokwenzeka iquka kuphela sphere ezizodwa, kodwa kufutshane kwindawo abathengi abaninzi. Umzekelo, iplastiki eqhelekileyo, aluminiyam kwaye izinto ngomthi kungenziwa indawo carbon ifayibha, nto leyo ezahlukeneyo lweempawu yokusebenza kuya kuba mkhulu izinto njengesiqhelo.

isiphelo

nokusasazwa Wide of ezintsha Khimvolokno kuphazanyiswa zizinto ezininzi. Enye eziphawuleka kakhulu lixabiso phezulu. Ekubeni ifayibha carbon kufuna ukubandakanyeka izixhobo ophezulu zobugcisa imveliso, imveliso yayo awunako hayi yonke inkampani. Kodwa asiyiyo loo nto ibalulekileyo. Inyaniso ukuba zonke iinkalo abenzi benomdla neenguqu ezinkulu olunjalo umgangatho weemveliso. Ngoko ke, ukuphucula phakade element lwezibonelelo, umvelisi bangakwazi ukwenza uphuculo olufanayo kumacandelo ezikufutshane. Isiphumo i kungalingani leyo izenza yonke imisebenzi zobugcisa ezintsha.